A Transformative Epoch in Materials Science & Engineering and Manufacturing

From the Ground Up-Materials Science in Singapore.

PrefaceThis year, the Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (Institut für Werkstoffwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik, IWW) of Chemnitz University of Technology is proud to host the Chemnitz Seminar on Materials Engineering – Werkstofftechnisches Kolloquium – for the 19th time.This traditional scientific meeting is an annual get-together of scientists and engineers both from academia and industry. Most recent research results and current issues are presented and discussed in various scientific sessions, such as materials engineering and testing, surface engineering with focus on thermal coating processes, composite materials, and joining technologies.Like last year, we have provided our contributors with the opportunity of publishing their work not only in the printed Proceedings Volume but also in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. The vast majority of participants chose to disseminate their interesting research results in this international, peer-reviewed journal. Consequently, this issue provides an excellent overview of the main topics of our colloquium.Chemnitz, March 2017Prof. Thomas LampkeProf. Guntram WagnerProf. Martin F.-X. Wagner

This paper briefly reviews the applications of materials science and engineering in the pharmaceutical industry. The materials characterization techniques highlighted in the paper as being utilized in the pharmaceutical industry are dynamic light scattering and photon correlation spectroscopy, mercury intrusion, gas density pycnometry and energy density analysis, thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry, x-ray diffraction, nuclear magnetic resonance and Raman microscopy. The other areas of applications of materials science and engineering in the pharmaceutical industry briefly discussed are materials processing, materials research and development, and materials selection. This paper further highlighted that the program as it is currently offered by various institutions in Nigeria is yet to incorporate the courses in pharmaceutical materials. It concluded by pointing out that some institutions outside Nigeria have incorporated pharmaceutical materials in the programs of materials science and engineering. Suggestions were made for the materials science and engineering programs in Nigeria to build further capacity for effective applications in the pharmaceutical industry. Keywords— Applications, materials engineering, pharmaceutical industry

Advanced materials: Information and analysis needs

PrefaceThis year, we celebrate an anniversary: the Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (Institut für Werkstoffwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik, IWW) of Chemnitz University of Technology hosts the traditional scientific meeting, the Chemnitz Seminar on Materials Engineering – Werkstofftechnisches Kolloquium – for the 20th time.We always strive to bring together scientists and engineers both from academia and industry, and this is again reflected by this year’s different scientific sessions that cover various relevant topics, such as electroplating, composite materials, developments in steels, additive manufacturing and many more. Part of our scientific program is a special colloquium that marks the successful completion of the Collaborative Research Center SFB 692, which was launched in Chemnitz 12 years ago and has now reached the end of its regular funding period.Like in the last years, we chose the IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering to provide all contributors with the opportunity to publish their papers in an international, peer-reviewed journal. This is understood and appreciated by nearly all participants of our meeting, and therefore this volume provides an excellent overview of the main topics of our Seminar.Chemnitz, April 2018Prof. Thomas Lampke Prof. Guntram Wagner Prof. Martin F.-X. Wagner

The exceptional reactivity of the azide group makes organic azides a highly versatile family of compounds in chemistry and the material sciences. One of the most prominent reactions employing organic azides is the regioselective copper(I)-catalyzed Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition with alkynes yielding 1,2,3-triazoles. Other named reactions include the Staudinger reduction, the aza-Wittig reaction, and the Curtius rearrangement. The popularity of organic azides in material sciences is mostly based on their propensity to release nitrogen by thermal activation or photolysis. On the one hand, this scission reaction is accompanied with a considerable output of energy, making them interesting as highly energetic materials. On the other hand, it produces highly reactive nitrenes that show extraordinary efficiency in polymer crosslinking, a process used to alter the physical properties of polymers and to boost efficiencies of polymer-based devices such as membrane fuel cells, organic solar cells (OSCs), light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). Thermosets are also suitable application areas. In most cases, organic azides with multiple azide functions are employed which can either be small molecules or oligo- and polymers. This review focuses on nitrene-based applications of multivalent organic azides in the material and life sciences.

Ionic liquids for advanced materials

PrefaceInternational conference on Materials Engineering and Characterization was held between May 8-10, 2019 at Adhi College of Engineering and Technology, Sankarapuram, Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu, India.The main objective of the conference is to promote the innovative works attempted in the core and diversified fields of materials engineering for different applications. Materials engineering is one of very most important interdisciplinary fields that focuses on studies fundamental physical and chemical basis in order to develop new materials and compounds through manipulating atoms to form desired structures and properties. Any revolutionary changes are always through the breakthrough in new materials.With this in mind, ICMECh’19 had provided a very important platform to not only materials scientists and engineers but also physicists and chemists to exchange their achievements and to discuss future directions in developing new, resilient and cost-effective materials. It created a so rare opportunity for participants to mingle together for future collaborations in research and development.Around 100 authors represented from four countries presented their works at the forum of ICMECh’19. The forum comprised 4 plenary and 8 Invited talks, 80 oral presentations and 60 poster presentations covering polymers, ceramics and nanomaterials, nanofluids, natural fiber reinforced composites, hybrid metal matrix composites, synthesis of multifunctional nanomaterials, phase change materials, friction stirrer welding, thin film coatings, tribology, crystals and biomaterials.We are grateful to the advisory committees for their valuable suggestions and contributions in organizing the mammoth scientific event. Organizing committee sincerely acknowledges the support and continuous encouragement from delegates, experts and participants from various reputed institutions and research centers. Also, it sincerely thanks all the experts who presided during the oral and the poster presentations. A cultural visit to Kancheepuram and Mamallapuram (tourist places) was arranged and with the help of a professional guide, the highlights of the ancient temples and monuments were explained to the participants.I would like to convey my gratitude to IOP publications for accepting to publish the research findings in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. The first edition of the ICMECH’19 Proceedings includes 23 articles eventually accepted after the peer review process accomplished on them. The organizers sincerely thank to all the reviewers for making their efforts to suggest the authors, so as to improve the quality of the manuscripts before publishing them.RegardsProf. I.Saravanan(Convener-ICMECH)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEditorial - Chemistry of Materials - The "Reaction" ContinuesDennis W. HessCite this: Chem. Mater. 1994, 6, 1, 1–2Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1994Publication History Published online21 May 2008Published inissue 1 January 1994https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00037a600RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views25Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (295 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts

Surface and Interface AnalysisVolume 9, Issue 1 p. 67-67 Research Article Laser probe microanalysis: performance assessment and applications M. J. Southon, M. J. Southon Department of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Cambridge University, CB2 3QZ, UKSearch for more papers by this authorA. Harris, A. Harris Department of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Cambridge University, CB2 3QZ, UKSearch for more papers by this authorV. Kohler, V. Kohler Department of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Cambridge University, CB2 3QZ, UKSearch for more papers by this authorS. J. Mullock, S. J. Mullock Department of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Cambridge University, CB2 3QZ, UKSearch for more papers by this authorE. R. Wallach, E. R. Wallach Department of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Cambridge University, CB2 3QZ, UKSearch for more papers by this author M. J. Southon, M. J. Southon Department of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Cambridge University, CB2 3QZ, UKSearch for more papers by this authorA. Harris, A. Harris Department of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Cambridge University, CB2 3QZ, UKSearch for more papers by this authorV. Kohler, V. Kohler Department of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Cambridge University, CB2 3QZ, UKSearch for more papers by this authorS. J. Mullock, S. J. Mullock Department of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Cambridge University, CB2 3QZ, UKSearch for more papers by this authorE. R. Wallach, E. R. Wallach Department of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Cambridge University, CB2 3QZ, UKSearch for more papers by this author First published: July 1986 https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.740090113AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume9, Issue1July 1986Pages 67-67 RelatedInformation

MC-BAM is a software for moment–curvature section analysis of beams. It is developed to facilitate the analysis and structural design of beams and girders with advanced construction materials like ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC), high strength steel rebars and/or large prestressing strands. MC-BAM supports several existing, recently developed, or user-defined constitutive material models that can be applied to rectangular, circular, or other cross-sections such as I- or Pi-girders. The material models and section analysis algorithm are verified, first for conventional materials against commercial software and textbook examples, then for different cross-sections with advanced materials and designs against published experimental results.

The International Polymer Characterization Conference POLY-CHAR [Halle│Siegen] 2022 took place as a live digital event from 22nd to 25th May 2022. Organized jointly by the Fraunhofer IMWS in Halle, Germany, and the Institute of Physical Chemistry I of the University of Siegen, Germany, the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry)-endorsed conference brought together more than 100 participants from five continents, who shared their research findings ranging from theoretical to experimental and fundamental to applied aspects of polymers. As a a nonprofit, non-governmental organization POLY-CHAR is devoted to creating a friendly interdisciplinary environment to share information, organize student exchange and cooperation, to hold international meetings and to provide a platform for scientist from all over the word. The annual POLY-CHAR conferences are not limited to mere “POLYmer CHARacterization”. Instead, POLY-CHAR offers an open platform for sharing ideas, presenting results, meeting old and making new friends in the scientific community. Topics cover a wide area in synthesis, characterization, modification and application of polymeric materials and composites, probably best summarized under the terms “Advanced Materials' and ‘Functional Materials”. The live digital format chosen for POLY-CHAR [Halle│Siegen] 2022 enabled unrestricted worldwide participation in times of global uncertainty regarding travel restrictions due to the COVID-19 pandemic. On the first day of the conference the POLY-CHAR Short Course was held. The topics of the lectures presented on the subsequent days by 5 plenary speakers, 24 invited speakers, 66 oral speakers, 9 poster presenters from 28 countries included (i) polymer synthesis, (ii) polymer characterization, (iii) polymer physics, theory and simulations, (iv) circular economy of polymers and sustainable applications, (v) polymers for biomedical applications, biopolymers, biomedical materials and biotechnology, (vi) biopolymers in nutrition and health, (vii) elastomers, amorphous materials, nanomaterials and smart materials, (viii) mechanics of polymers, and (ix) adhesives, coatings, and advanced hybrid materials. In addition to several POLY-CHAR and IUPAC prizes for outstanding oral presentations and posters of young scientists, the following prestigious prizes were awarded to well renowned scientists to honor their academic achievements: The Richard Robert Ernst Award went to Prof. Dr. Jianyong Jin (The University of Auckland, New Zealand), the Jean-Marie Lehn Award went to Prof. Dr. Zheng Li (Peking University, China) and the Pierre-Gilles de Gennes Award was awarded to José Luis Gómez Ribelles (Universitat Polìtècnica de València, Spain). This conference volume represents a focused selection of contributions from different areas of polymer and materials science. The next conference in the series, POLY-CHAR [Auckland] 2023, will be held in presence in Auckland, New Zealand, from January 22nd to 26th, 2023. This meeting will be co-hosted by Prof. Jianyong Jin and Prof. Duncan McGillvray. Sven Henning, Fraunhofer IMWS, Germany Ralf Lach, Institut für Polymerwerkstoffe e.V. (IPW), Germany Holger Schönherr, University of Siegen, Germany

Luminescent ions doped materials have been widely applied in many areas, both scientific research and practical fields. Recently, incorporating luminescent ions and advanced materials into versatile and multifunctional systems seems to be a tendency, motivated by the stimulating desires of fundamental studies and technological applications. This feature article provides a general overview of the myriad of luminescent ions‐based advanced composite materials recently investigated. It is demonstrated that the improved or additional properties may be achieved via implementing a strategy of incorporating luminescent ions (lanthanide, transition and main group metal ions) into various types of materials, such as flexible polymers, two‐dimensional atomically thin layers, porous materials, and so on. We outline the design principles, synthesis and processing of various systems joined by luminescent ions doped phosphors. A number of recent works indicate that those novel composite materials allow one to conceive and develop multifunctional applications in a broad area, including optoelectronics, photonics, clean energy, biomedicine, and new types of sensors. Lastly, some challenging issues are discussed and potential directions are suggested for further developing advanced composite materials incorporated with luminescent ions.

Materials used in extremely hostile environment such as nuclear reactors are subject to a high flux of neutron irradiation, and thus vast concentrations of vacancy and interstitial point defects are produced because of collisions of energetic neutrons with host lattice atoms. The fate of these defects depends on various reaction mechanisms which occur immediately following the displacement cascade evolution and during the longer-time kinetically dominated evolution such as annihilation, recombination, clustering or trapping at sinks of vacancies, interstitials and their clusters. The long-range diffusional transport and evolution of point defects and self-defect clusters drive a microstructural and microchemical evolution that are known to produce degradation of mechanical properties including the creep rate, yield strength, ductility, or fracture toughness, and correspondingly affect material serviceability and lifetimes in nuclear applications. Therefore, a detailed understanding of microstructural evolution in materials at different time and length scales is of significant importance. The primary objective of this work is to utilize a hierarchical computational modeling approach i) to evaluate the potential for nanoscale precipitates to enhance point defect recombination rates and thereby the self-healing ability of advanced structural materials, and ii) to evaluate the stability and irradiation-induced evolution of such nanoscale precipitates resulting from enhanced point defect transport to and annihilation at precipitate interfaces. This project will utilize, and as necessary develop, computational materials modeling techniques within a hierarchical computational modeling approach, principally including molecular dynamics, kinetic Monte Carlo and spatially-dependent cluster dynamics modeling, to identify and understand the most important physical processes relevant to promoting the “selfhealing” or radiation resistance in advanced materials containing nanoscale precipitates. In particular, the interfacial structure of embedded nanoscale precipitates will be evaluated by electronic- and atomic-scale modeling methods, and the efficiency of the validated interfaces for trapping point defects will next be evaluated by atomic-scale modeling (e.g., determining the sink strength of the precipitates), addressing key questions related to the optimal interface characteristics to attract point defects and enhance their recombination. Kinetic models will also be developed to simulate microstructural evolution of the nanoscale features and irradiation produced defect clusters, and compared with observed microstructural changes.

This special issue is organized, orienting to the demand for advanced materials in the field of agricultural production and research, which adheres to the basic concept of “from agriculture to agriculture”. We look forward to provide solutions to scientific and technical problems in the development of modern agriculture with advanced materials, through materials design and preparation to obtain advanced materials then applying them to agriculture. So, we are waiting for your participating in this work. This special issue includes but not limits to following topics: (1) luminescent materials and fluorescent quantum dots applied to agricultural lighting, such as plants photosynthesis and photomorphogenesis, horticulture, greenhouse cultivation, poultry farming, seaweed aquaculture, etc., (2) biochar materials prepared from agricultural and forestry wastes; (3) additive materials applied to pesticides and food; (4) auxiliary materials applied to veterinary drugs, such as surfactant materials; (5) materials applied to the field of agricultural environmental protection, such as advanced membrane materials.