Automatic Accident Detection and Human Rescue System: Assistance Through Communication Technologies

An efficient automotive security system is implemented for anti-theft using an embedded system occupied with a Global Positioning System (GPS) and a Global System of Mobile (GSM). The client interacts through this system with vehicles and determines their current locations and status using Google Earth. The user can track the position of targeted vehicles on Google Earth. Using GPS locator, the target current location is determined and sent, along with various parameters received by vehicle's data port, via Short Message Service (SMS) through GSM networks to a GSM modem that is connected to PC or laptop. The GPS coordinates are corrected using a discrete Kalman filter. To secure the vehicle, the user of a group of users can turn off any vehicle of the fleet if any intruders try to run it by blocking the gas feeding line. This system is very safe and efficient to report emergency situations as crash reporting or engine failure.

This paper is aimed to develop a model navigation and application of Global Positioning System (GPS) and Global System Mobile (GSM) in the model system of the fishing guide. Furthermore, this paper describes what and how a major role in popularizing a fishing guide system model. Modifications that should be made in each unit to get a way to use the GPS and GSM according to fishermen dynamic environment is described. Modifications were made in the system model unit fishing guides also assist in finding a reliable and accurate planimetric solution in the case of poor visibility of GPS and GSM satellite, which is usually common in the fishing environment. In the model system models fishing guide fishing guide system based on GPS and GSM can be successfully implemented in an environment designed for fishermen in developing regions. This, if implemented in a planned will bring a significant increase in the revolutionary Indonesian Fisheries. The Model of Fishermen Guidance System Based GPS and GSM that has been built allowing an institution or an individual to be able to control, monitor and communicate in a geographic coordinate system (map). Validation by experts and users indicate that the system is operationally feasible to use the results of the feasibility level of 87.61% and 81.67% of the expert user and both showed good category. The operator will log into the appropriate application access rights are allowed. The resulting device system has several characteristics including: Easy to use (user friendly), Easy to carry (mobile handsets), Informative, Applicative, High Technology, and Network Wide. Based on daily monitoring, coordinate information distributed to the fishermen either via GPS, SMS (Short Massage Services) or through a printed map. Generally the fishermen using a printed map, due to the reading simpler and faster. Performance is based on the acquisition of fish fisherman fishermen after the data supplied koordiant previously, there were no reports that the fishermen do not get fish. With location information of fish that are easily achieved the goal of capturing the fisherman turned fish into taking fish. Basically the fishermen helped with the fish location information from the beginning. Location of fish that are informed by much more than the previous system in which fishermen have fish location data based on experiences.

Number has reported Malaysia is ranked at a jaw-dropping top 15th in World.. That was in 2016. Peoples are feeling unsafe due to increasing crimes. Intelligent self-defence device or InSeD upholds the principle of improving and solving the problem related to self-defence device among peoples in Malaysia. We propose a quick responding mechanism that helps woman during trouble. The system was presented in prototype size for illustration. The device was designed with emergency buttons where user can press when she/he feels, threatens and sends the location information as a Short Message Service(SMS) alert to emergency. In our project SMS is sending by using normal Nano Sim card with a Global System for Mobile (GSM) SIM900A module. This GSM module enables the user to send message, receive message, make call and hang up call. To provide user Global Positioning System (GPS) location to user’s emergency contact number a GPS Neo6M2 module is installed inside our product. The GPS size is small and user friendly so it won’t take space in product’s prototype. There is a simple keypad on the product to enable user key in pin number to stop the alarm, this is the only way to stop the alarm. An Arduino Uno is used as a microcontroller. C++ code is used to set the emergency contact number and the pin number for the user.

Road safety is an all-time global concern. Every day a large number of human lives are lost with many sustaining a disability as a result of their injury due to car accidents and delay in calling the rescue services. Recently, Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) have emerged as an efficient way of improving interpretation of transportation systems and enhancing travel safety. Accident detection systems are one of the most effective (ITS) tools. The accident detection system which based on Global Positioning System (GPS) and Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) can be accomplished though one or several sensors, the system can gather the information and coordinates of accident spot, then send this data to the rescue services center over a network link in the shortest time, In this paper, we propose an enhanced system that composed of a GPS receiver, Vibration sensor, GSM Modem and integrated with Vehicular AD-Hoc Network (VANET). The employment of (VANET) assists to increase the data delivery by providing a second path to send an emergency message to The Rescue Services Center (RSC) whenever an accident located at out of coverage area of GSM network. Simulation tested two of distance ranges among nodes (Long & Short) and the result shown that VANET modified algorithm based on average signal strength has the advantage of choosing the optimum route to deliver data and own enhanced ratio according to the distances (17.5% & 24.1%) by comparing with a maximum signal strength route.

There are several hassles in daily life for visually challenged people. In light of this, it is very important to focus on the needs of those who are visually impaired. To help people who are vision impaired to enjoy normal lives, researchers approach the issue from a variety of angles. The white cane is the support system and it enables a sense of being free, independent and self-assured. They can easily take care of their daily tasks thanks to the proposed smart cane's design, which includes an obstacle detection module, heat detection, water detection, light detection, pit and staircase detection using Infrared (IR) sensors, Global Positioning System (GPS), and Global System for Mobile (GSM). The obstacle detection module detects obstacles using ultrasonic range and a camera, intimating the user of the obstacle's detection as well as details about the obstacle. The Raspberry Pi is used to send a voice message through the headset to the visually impaired user regarding the information about what the object is. The person's current location is determined using the GPS and provided as a text message as well as a voice message using a headset. Raspberry Pi is made use of to identify traffic lights, and it notifies the user via a headset whether to wait for the signal or move. If the blind person loses the cane, none of the above mentioned conveniences are available. To accomplish this, an alarm is fixed inside the smart cane which is coupled to their mobile phones. This alarm is used for finding the smart cane if it is missing or placed elsewhere.

The life style of an Indian family if evolving, particularly in the urban environment. Everyone in the family is perpetually busy, from the head of the family to possibly the youngest member of the family. As a result, essential works related to kitchen gas in the home gets neglected. Individuals for the most part know that gas can be death-defying. In any case, furthermost individuals still go out on a limb that can prompt damage. The greater part of these cases appears to be accustomed, so suggestions to utilize gas securely are continually required. This project aims at presenting a gas leakage detection kit to systematically detect the gas leakage and stop the gas leakage in sensitive locations by closing the gas cylinder valve automatically to ensure of further no leakage. Here specific gas sensor has been utilized which has high reactiveness for propane (C3H8) and butane(C4H10). Gas spillage system comprises of GSM (Global System for Mobile correspondences) module, which cautions the client by sending SMS. Additionally, an automated kitchen gas booking is also done in this project when the LPG goes empty. An innovative Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) based solution is used to avoid the usage of domestic cylinders in commercial sectors by automatic valve closing of cylinders and thus cutting off the gas supply.

The study assesses the farmers’ use of Global System for Mobile (GSM) for communication among farmers in agricultural extension programs in Taraba State, Nigeria. Specifically, the objectives include: identify key areas in which GSM are used for communication in agricultural extension programs activities, determine the frequency of usage of GSM for information exchange between farmers and extension personnel; and ascertain farmers’ satisfaction in the use of GSM in obtaining information in the various agricultural extension programs. The population for this study included all beneficiaries/farmers under the agricultural extension programs in Taraba state, Nigeria. Purposive sampling was adopted because of the accessibility of the selected three Local Government Areas (LGAs), (Ardo-Kola, Jalingo & Lau) throughout the year. Five Fadama User Groups (FUGs) were randomly selected from each LGA to constitute fifteen FUGs for the study. From each FUG, ten respondents were drawn randomly to give a sample size for the study. In the Fadama III project, respondents’ key areas of communications with personnel of the project included: group formation (88%), mobilization of members for participation in Fadama III programs and activities (87.3%), awareness creation of Fadama III intervention (82.7%), capacity building activities (81.3%), convening of Fadama User Group (FUG)/FCA meetings (81.3%), sub-project preparation and management (80.7%), advisory services and input support services (80%), environmental/social screening friendly practices (72.7%), asset acquisition activities (68%), record-keeping activities (66%), small-scale community infrastructure activities (63.3%) and financial management (61.3%). Farmers indicated their satisfaction in obtaining information o;n capacity building activities by the use of GSM with the (M = 1.21), advisory services and input support activities (M = 1.28), asset acquisition activities, (M= 1.16), mobilization of members for participation in Fadama III activities (M = 1.40), convening FUG/FCA meetings ( M = 1.43), financial management (M=1.09), record-keeping activities (M = 1.17), awareness creation of Fadama III intervention (M = 1.27), group formation (M = 1.37) and environmental/social screening and environmentally friendly practices ( M = 1.17). The main challenges included no GSM phones provided by Fadama III to farmers (M = 1.37), low level of education of farmers (M = 1.55), erratic power supply (M = 1.41), high call tariff (M = 1.11), poor network coverage (M = 1.24), lack of maintenance e.g recharging (M = 1.11), and fluctuating services by the service providers (M = 1.16). The study suggested that the Information and communication unit of the Fadama III project should collaborate with other media outfits and extension units to disseminate agro-information to the benefits of the Fadama III beneficiaries.

Children with developmental disorders and their families face major challenges in managing the risk to a disabled child, who may be prone to becoming lost away from their own home. Health and Social care system in Bangladesh has not yet developed the capacity and infrastructure to provide safety services to children with ASD (Autistic Spectrum Disorder). There are no nationwide statistics of Autistic Children in Bangladesh. As per the global prevalence rate, 1 percent of the world population has autism. One in 160 children has an ASD. Since there are 55 million children in Bangladesh below age 14, there may be 550,000 autistic children. As the physically challenged child cannot take care of themselves and no one is there who can keep observation 24-hour like whether the child is getting panic, whether the child is on safety zone or changed his position elsewhere, whether he falls, etc. We have to keep them safe as the number of accidents with children is increasing. Our research study proposed the development of a wearable smart device, which can be a belt, wristwatch or locket. The developed device include a Microcontroller (PIC-16F876A), a global positioning system (GPS), global system for mobile (GSM), and switching unit and the monitoring unit includes sensors and mobile device in parent’s hand with which parents can find the current location of the child by using Google Map. This device ensures 24-hour monitoring and works as an interface between child and parents for emergency response.

Although health care support in Indian hospitals are getting upgraded over the recent past, the doctor -patient ratio as reported by medical council of India, in the year 2017, is less than one doctor for every 1000 population (0.62:1000). This number is much less than World Health Organization (WHO) (1:1000) requirement. These necessitate utilization of cutting edge technologies to provide solution to the above issue. In India, healthcare systems are facing number of challenges especially poor quality, unreliable service and lack of timely medical attention to the patient. This paper describes a cost effective, portable working model for health monitoring system. The system is capable of measuring the patient's vital signs and transmitting through wireless communication. This can alert doctors, relatives or ambulance through a Global System for Mobile (GSM) module and share the patient's current location obtained through a Global Positioning System (GPS) module. The vital signs being measured include temperature, Electrocardiogram (ECG) and heart rate in Beats per Minute (BPM). This portable device can eliminate continuous personal monitoring of a patient. The system has been tested using Proteus software before implementation of the hardware.

This paper presents a novel Lossless ECG Compression using Symbol substitution (LECS) deployable on low computational devices (LCD) like mobile phones for effective use in telecardiology. Of the few LCD deployable compression algorithms, even losslessly compressed ECG suffers transmission loss in Global System for Mobile (GSM) networks due to the reduced character set supported by the SMS protocols. The LECS encodes using the Standard GSM Character ETSI GSM 03.38 set for un-trimmed ECG transmission. The evaluation using MIT-BIH Arrhythmia database showed an average compression-ratio (CR) of 7.03, Percentage-Root-mean-square-Distortion (PRD) as low as 0.0211 proving superior performance in both compression and quality for real-time mobile based telecardiology applications. KeywordsLossless ECG compressionECG in SMSECG transmissionTelecardiologyECG transmission in GSM networkSymbol substitution based compression

Significant development in urbanized cities causes vehicle ownership to grow with rapid rate. As a result, the saturation of vehicle in dense cities leads to insufficient transportation infrastructure, which causes an increase in road accident occurrences. The condition of vehicle and driver such as poor engine operation system, speeding, reckless driving, drowsy driving, drunken driving are the factors of accidents. Vehicle monitoring system is thus very important to be deployed as an effort for accident prevention to reduce the number of road accidents. This paper reviews the recent progress and development of technologies in vehicle monitoring system for accident prevention. Various technologies in the system include Global Positioning System (GPS), Geographical Information System (GIS), Global System for Mobile (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), image processing, Fuzzy Logic, data fusion and so forth. The issues and challenges in vehicle monitoring system are also presented in this paper.

The incidence of road accidents is quite high. This is due to driver negligence. Based on these problems, a driving accident detection system was created. The system uses vibration sensors, tilt sensors, and pressure sensors as inputs to detect driving accidents. The system is supported by an Arduino uno kit with an R3 SMD microcontroller as the brain to process data from vibration, tilt, and pressure sensors, and is equipped with GPS and ESP32. Then, the output to ESP32 will send notification information to Telegram by detecting GPS, so that it will automatically send notification of driving accident coordinates. From the making of this system, it can be concluded that, if a driving accident occurs, it will automatically send information directly to the victim's family quickly. The system will work if the sensor is detected and will send data to the phone number stored in the database. So that victims can be handled more quickly to avoid casualties.

Radio interface and wireless service accesses are two areas, in which wireless networks do not provide the same level of protection as wired networks. It may result in the wireless networks being vulnerable to various attacks. For example, the first generation cellular mobile communication systems, such as advanced mobile phone service (AMPS), and the second generation cellular mobile communication systems, such as global system for mobile (GSM), do not take account of security issues comprehensively. It brings about an intruder to be able to eavesdrop user traffic or even change the identities of mobile phones to gain fraudulent services. Therefore, the Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), which is known as the third generation (3G) cellular mobile communication system, is proposed. UMTS adopts the security feature of GSM in order to interwork with GSM smoothly. Furthermore, the UMTS adds new security features to design an authentication and key agreement protocol, which is called UMTS AKA protocol. However, it is found that the UMTS AKA has some problems, including bandwidth consumption between a serving network and a user's home network, space overhead of the serving network and sequence number synchronization. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an extension of UMTS AKA protocol, called UMTS X-AKA to overcome the aforementioned problems of UMTS AKA.

It is not clear yet whether Global System for Mobiles (GSM) mobile phone radiation has the ability to interfere with normal resting brain function. There have been reports that GSM exposure increases alpha band power, and does so only when the signal is modulated at low frequencies (Huber, R., Treyer, V., Borbely, A. A., Schuderer, J., Gottselig, J. M., Landolt, H.P., Werth, E., Berthold,T., Kuster, N., Buck, A and Achermann, P. Electromagnetic fields, such as those from mobile phones, alter regional cerebral blood flow and sleep and waking EEG. J Sleep Res 11, 289-295, 2002.) However, as that research employed exposure distributions that are not typical of normal GSM handset usage (deep brain areas were overexposed), it remains to be determined whether a similar result patterning would arise from a more representative exposure. In this fully counterbalanced cross-over design, we recruited 12 participants and tried to replicate the modulation linked post exposure alpha band power increase described above, but with an exposure source (dipole antenna) more closely resembling that of a real GSM handset. Exposures lasted for 15 minutes. No changes to alpha power were found for either modulated or unmodulated radiofrequency fields, and thus we failed to replicate the above results. Possible reasons for this failure to replicate are discussed, with the main reason argued to be the lower and more representative exposure distribution employed in the present study. In addition we investigated the possible GSM exposure related effects on the non-linear features of the resting electroencephalogram using the Approximate Entropy (ApEn) method of analysis. Again, no effect was demonstrated for either modulated or unmodulated radiofrequency exposures.

Use of watermarking techniques to provide authentication and tamper proofing of speech in mobile environment is becoming important. However, the current efforts do not allow for user-specifiable quality for the watermarked speech. This paper proposes a watermarking algorithm that allows user-customizable quality for watermarked GSM (Global System for Mobile) speech. Sensitivity (in terms of quality degradation) of each GSM coefficient bits against bit watermark embedding was investigated first, which is then used to select the coefficient bits in a secure manner for watermarking. The proposed algorithm's execution time requirement was studied to draw conclusions on the real-time usability of the algorithm. The embedding capacity and the quality awareness of the algorithm were also investigated.