Design and Development of Microstrip Patch Antenna

This paper deals with the design and development of an inset-fed rectangular microstrip patch antenna. The main objective of this paper is to elaborate on the procedure used to design the antenna for a center frequency of 922 MHz and a 2.17% bandwidth; and to show the optimized results as obtained from the simulation. This antenna will work as a part of the transmitter section in a transmitter-receiver system operating in the ISM Band being developed in Don Bosco Institute of Technology.

A simple microstrip patch antenna consists of metallic patch and ground between a dielectric medium called the substrate. Microstrip patch antennas are widely used in communication, especially in military and civil applications. The printed antennas have played a major role in development of antenna at different frequency. The proposed antenna is done on fr4 (frame sensitive) substrate with dielectric permittivity εo and the thickness 'h' will provide with good omnidirectional radiation pattern. It has a advantages in simple design, Compact in size and easy in fabrication. Design and simulation of patch antenna using HFSS Software. Design of a circular micro-strip patch antenna for 2.4 GHz application and study s-parameter, Gain and field animations.

In this paper Microstrip Patch antenna is designed in Ansoft HFSSV13. The designed antennas are double-sided printed microstrip patch antenna. The antenna is designed over the operating frequency is 2.4GHZ using the substrate material as FR4 which has the dielectric constant of 4.4(ε <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</inf> ). The designed antenna can be used for ISM (industrial, scientific and medical) band and WLAN applications. The designed antenna has low profile, low cost, easy fabrication and good isolation. The antenna is designed by using Ansoft HFSSV13 simulation software and designed antenna provides return loss less then −10dB. The parameters such as return loss, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), mutual coupling, gain, radiation pattern has been simulated and analyzed.

At present, microstrip patch antenna (MPA) design in term of 5G requirements is one of the most challenging issues. This work objective is to design efficient 2×2 antenna array at 28 GHz and 38 GHz according to 5G requirements. MPA used widely in wireless technology due to its relatively tiny cost, low profile, and ease of production. On the other hand, evaluating previous work that those antennae covered 5G requirements very poorly. In this work, 2×2 antenna array designed at both 28GHz and 38GHz. For both antenna designs, Foam used as substrate element, substrate height Hs=0.5mm and quarter-wave feeding used as feeding technique. The recommended 2×2 antenna array showed excellence performance having the bandwidth, return loss, realized gain, VSWR and antenna efficiency are 1.3GHz, 61.19 dB, 15.4 dB, 1.001 and 97.97% at 28GHz and 2.49GHz, 52.28 dB, 13.8 dB, 1.005, 97.97% at 38 GHz correspondingly. After comparing the recommended antenna array with previous work, it has seen that the recommended antenna covered all requirements better than the previous works.

In this work, design, analysis, and simulation of microstrip patch antenna for Sub-6 GHz application has been investigated. The research method is based on the Sonnet Suites software. The aim of the study was to design and analyze microstrip patch antenna for Sub-6 GHz antenna for 5G applications and usage. The antenna is designed with the help of using partial ground architecture. Design architecture consideration and analysis of different parameters and simulations were investigated. The antenna operates at 4.32 GHz and the results are compact design area of 21.5 x 36.9 mm2, reflection coefficient is of -18 dB, and the gain in the range from 4.30 to 4.32 dB.

Microstrip antennas or patch antennas are popular for their attractive features such as low profile, low weight, low cost, ease of fabrication and integration with RF devices. Micro strip antennas have been found favorable because they are inexpensive to manufacture and compatible with monolithic microwave integrated circuit designs (MMIC). They are usually employed at UHF and higher frequencies because the size of the antenna is directly tied to the wavelength at the resonance frequency. A Microstrip or patch antenna is a narrowband, wide-beam antenna fabricated by etching the antenna element pattern in metal trace bonded to an insulating dielectric substrate with a continuous metal layer bonded to the opposite side of the substrate which forms a ground plane. The most commonly employed microstrip antenna is a rectangular patch. The major disadvantages of Microstrip antennas are lower gain and very narrow bandwidth. Microstrip patch antennas have some drawbacks of low efficiency, narrow bandwidth (3-6%) of the central frequency. Millimeter wave technology being an emerging area is still much undeveloped. As micro strip antennas have found wide variety of application areas, a number of techniques are evolved to improve its limited bandwidth. A good approach to improve the bandwidth is increasing the thickness of substrate supporting the micro strip patch. However problems exist on the ability to effectively feed the patch on a thick substrate and the radiation efficiency can degrade with increasing substrate thickness. A substantial research needs to be done in this area as its applications are numerous. The radiation patterns and S11 performance are used for the analysis of the different configurations. In the present endeavor a rectangular patch antenna is designed on thick substrate and simulated using MATLAB software and configuration on different dielectric susbstrates was used .

A regular increase in the demand of wireless systems has attracted momentous interest in suitable antenna designs that can be easily integrated with systems. Different innovative antenna structures have been proposed for single, dual or multiple bands. Several researchers are exploring different designs of microstrip patch antennas. In this regard, this paper presents the design analysis of the HE and E shaped microstrip patch antenna. The finite element method has been studied and is the basis of these designs. The feeding point is inside the patch and the computational analysis showed some interesting results for radiation pattern, far field domain, scattered parameters (s-parameters) and bandwidth. For these designs, the characteristic impedance is 50 Ω and the operating frequency is in-between 1.4 to 1.7 GHz. The microstrip patch antennas are enclosed in the spherical domain of 20 mm thickness containing air or vacuum inside it. The polar plot indicated that the radiation pattern for HE shaped antenna is better than the E shaped antenna, and with the increase in frequency, the scattered parameters decreases upto resonant frequency and thereafter increases rapidly

This paper examines the role of a proper selection of a conducting material in the design of microstrip patch antenna. A microstrip patch antenna has three (3) main parts of ground, substrate and patch. The patch and the ground are made up of a conducting material. In this work, three (3) Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antennae (RMPA) were considered at 3.5 GHz resonant frequency for 5G applications with different conducting materials in order to determine the role of conducting material in designing a microstrip patch antenna. The antennae were designed, modelled and simulated using the same feeding methods, the same dimensions and the same materials with the exception of the conducting material. Copper annealed, iron and aluminium were used for the models of the antennae. It was found that the best conducting material was copper annealed, followed by aluminium then iron. Hence, the performance of a microstrip patch antenna depends on the type of conducting material used in its design among other factors. It is recommended that other conducting materials be explored to determine their role in ensuring effective design of the microstrip patch antenna.

This paper had been comparing the performance of the normal patch antenna with single complimentary SRR patch antenna. Four different shapes of single complimentary split ring resonator structure had been incorporated into the microstrip patch antenna - square, circular, triangular, and rhombic. This simulation works had been done in CST Microwave Studio simulation software. The operating frequency of this antenna is 2.40 GHz for Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) application. The parameters that considered in these works are return loss, resonant frequency, input impedance, gain, radiation pattern and bandwidth. The focusing parameter is to achieve the best gain performance that obtained from the single complimentary split ring resonator patch antenna. The addition of square SRR onto patch antenna will improve the gain from 6.334 dB to 6.508 dB.

Design and analysis of novel microstrip patch antenna on photonic crystal in THz

This paper presents comparison of rectangular micro strip patch antenna and E-Shaped micro strip patch antenna operating at 2.45GHz. Two parallel slots are made into the basic rectangular patch design of micro strip antenna which resulted into desired E-shaped patch. The basic design consist of inset feed type and we have used dielectric substrate Fr4 epoxy whereas E-shaped patch consist of coaxial probe and RT Duroid as substrate. Both the designs have been implemented using HFSS software. On comparing the parameters of both the antenna’s design, it was observed that E-shaped patch antenna has enhanced gain and return loss, hence the antenna with enhanced parameters is considered, the better one. Keywords : Rectangular patch antenna, Micro strip patch, E-shaped patch, coaxial feed Cite this Article Priya Sharma, Shreya Ghare, Shruti Jain, Archana Tiwari. Design and Simulation of E-Shape Micro-strip Patch Antenna at 2.45GHz. Journal of Microwave Engineering & Technologies . 2020; 7(1): 17–24p.

This paper presents an historical perspective of the development of microstrip patch antennas. A survey on microstip antenna papers is carried out initially to evaluate the evolution of the research activity on the topic along the last 40 years. The early years of the microstrip technology and specifically of microstrip antennas are analysed in detail. The fast evolution of the research and development activities that happened in the last 30 years is described in the context of the associated technologies and areas of application. Finally, the present situation of the microstip antenna field and trends of possible future evolution are examined.

Circularly polarized diagonally symmetric slotted microstrip-patch antennas are proposed with compact size. The compact circularly polarized (CP) diagonally symmetric slotted microstrip-patch (DSSMP) antenna design rules are also summarized. Circularly polarized radiation can be achieved using any arbitrarily shaped slots in diagonal directions on the square microstrip-patch antenna. Different shapes for the slots are studied and compared, based on the fixed overall volume of the antenna for circularly polarized diagonally symmetric slotted microstrip-patch antennas. The cross-shaped-slot diagonally symmetric slotted microstrip-patch antenna is compact when compared with the circular-, square-, and circular-ring-shaped diagonally symmetric slotted microstrip-patch antennas. A measured 3 dB axial-ratio (AR) bandwidth of around 0.7% (6.0 MHz) with 2.0% (18.0 MHz) impedance bandwidth was achieved. The measured boresight gain was more than 3.3 dBic over the operating band, while the overall antenna size was 0.272λ0 × 0.272λ0 × 0.0138λ0 at 0.905 GHz.

Recently, wearable antennas are become popular due to the miniaturization of wireless devices. The main advantage of using wearable antennas is that they are part of clothing and easily transmit and receive signals through clothes. These antennas play a vital role in many applications like navigation, tracking, health monitoring, physical training, RFID, medicine, and military. This paper describes the design and development of microstrip patch antenna with different fabric materials as substrates for ISM band applications. The performance characteristics like gain, directivity, return loss, VSWR, and radiation characteristics are simulated and measured by using CST.

In this paper, we discuss the process to fabricate a microstrip patch antenna by using graphene as a substrate material. Ours is the age of modern technology. Wireless communication is one of them. In wireless communication, graphene is widely used in the twenty-first century. Microstrip patch antenna provides better performance and better anticipation compared to other antennas. Microstrip patch antennas are more preferable compared to others because of their low cost, small size, and high performance. The graphene has a reconfigurable surface conductivity that can be tuned to operate at the desired frequencies. The main concept we focus on here to locate the best feed point of a microstrip patch antenna. This paper represents a graphene-based microstrip patch antenna. It has a 2.45 GHz resonant frequency for wireless communication. Here we use CST STUDIO SUITE 2017 software for designing and simulation our antenna. It shows the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), return loss, H-plane radiation pattern, and input impedance. The simulation output result shows a gain 6.801 dB and directivity of 7.302 dBi. It has return loss -23.673dB. Finally, we build up a design process of a graphene-based microstrip patch antenna.