Door Checkers

In this paper, the electromagnetic interference resulting from the non-lighting electric cloud on the electronic security system is studied. Through analyzing the main influential factors and mechanism of atmospheric electrical environment, the models of two kinds of non-lightning electric cloud interferences have been built. Besides, with the different aircraft flight paths, the intensity and the rate of change of the induced electric field of the electronic security system is analyzed quantitatively. Then it is concluded that the electric cloud has no interference on the electronic security system.

Transport safety systems and electronic security system Personal Rapid Transit (PRT) steering systems constitute a spatially formed set of elements that operate together in order to achieve the assumed level of security at a railway station or during the performance of transportation operations. Occurring intended or unintended electromagnetic interferences in the process of exploitation electronic systems may cause the occurrence of catastrophic damages or can be the reason of a reduction of the work quality of these systems. Small frequency range electromagnetic interference (up to 100 kHz) that occurs in an extensive “railway” area should be considered separately, i.e. the electric and magnetic components of this field should be distinguished. Because of measurements and legal regulations concerning the impact of this interference on elements, devices and electronic systems. Any disruption of the primary functions of the steering system can be the cause of the occurrence of human life and health hazards. The present article discusses the impact of electromagnetic interference: the electric component of the field on the process of the operation of the PRT steering and security system.KeywordsSmall frequencyelectromagnetic interferencesecurity system

The article presents issues related to the use of electronic security systems (ESB) on a vast railway area. These systems are operated in very different environmental conditions. Due to the fact that electrical and electronic systems coexist on the extensive railway area for various purposes - e.g. power supply systems for railway traction, rail traffic control systems (SRK), electronic security systems - fire alarm system (SSP), CCTV system (CCTV), access control system (SKD), a significant operational problem in addition to environmental changes in which the above-mentioned technical facilities are used, there is also the issue of electromagnetic compatibility. Depending on the area extent of the railway area, construction, technical configuration, way of alarming, safety classes of these systems may be different. In SSP there is another factor that affects the configuration of these systems, namely the so-called fire scenario and how to notify the State Fire Service (PSP) about an existing fire risk or damage. There are several different ESB structures - focused, distributed and mixed. The type of ESB used in a given railway facility - construction or open area is conditioned by its cubic capacity [m3], terrain extent [m2 or km2] and the number of supervised facilities. The use of a given type of ESB to ensure safety and fire protection in a given railway area also depends on the requirements of legal provisions for the object(s), the fire scenario that must be implemented by the system, legal requirements for the given protected area, the accepted scope of protection and the reliability and operational requirements to be met by these installations. The article presents basic issues related to ESB operation that are used in the selected railway area. The review of technical solutions of selected ESBs and the methodology of conducting the analysis for the purposes of developing, e.g. fire scenario or hazard analysis, presented in the article, will enable railway facility designers to properly develop design assumptions.

In a culture of fear, everyday life is experienced through the feeling of safety, part of which can be secured through certain electronic home security systems. Three films – Unlawful Entry (1992), Panic Room (2002) and When a Stranger Calls (2006) – will be used as examples in the attempt to consider the relationship between the fear of criminal activity – in this case break ins – and electronic home security systems. The basic premise of the research is that the culturally manufactured fear encourages the electronic home security system industry, the presence of which can, in turn, exasperate one’s fear of the risk of falling victim to violent crime.

This paper presents an analysis of the impact of conducted and radiated electromagnetic interference affecting the electrical circuits of electronic security systems (ESS) operating over wide areas. The Earth’s electromagnetic environment is heavily distorted by intended and unintended (stationary or non-stationary) sources of radiation. The occurrence of electromagnetic interference in a given environment where an ESS is in use is the cause of damage or malfunction of the entire system or its individual components, e.g., detectors, modules, control panels, etc. In this article, the authors conducted an assessment of the electromagnetic environment where ESS are operated and conducted studies of selected sources of interference. For selected ESS structures, they developed models of the impact of conducted and radiated interference on the process of using these systems in a given environment. For selected technical structures of ESS, the authors of this article developed models of the operation process. They also carried out a computer simulation to determine the impact of natural and artificial electromagnetic interference occurring on the process of using these systems in a given environment over a wide area. The considerations carried out in this article are summarized in the conclusions chapter about the process of using ESS in a distorted electromagnetic environment.

The article presents the results of research electric and magnetic fields in the field of higher frequencies, which are produced by electronic security systems in large logistics areas. The paper also presents the background of the electromagnetic environment. Distorted electromagnetic environment can interfere with the operation of electrical and electronic equipment that are used in the railway area. Particular attention has been paid to the impact of electromagnetic interference on selected electronic security systems.

The use of facial recognition for different security systems is increasingly vital in various sectors, even where electronic security systems are prevalent. This project aims to address the need for cost-effective solutions, particularly pertinent due to high funding requirements for facial recognition systems. The prototype, based on a Raspberry Pi 3 system, utilizes locally sourced materials, showcasing feasibility and adaptability within the region. It employs microcontrollers, sensors, and an SD card for data management, with Python programming facilitating system operation. Additional components like a display screen and buzzer enhance user interaction and notifications. The methodology utilized draws from Dennis and Wixom’s prototype methodology (Dennis and Wixom, 2003), encompassing three phases: analysis, design, and implementation. During testing, the system effectively differentiated between authorized and unauthorized individuals, granting or denying access accordingly. However, improvements to the Raspberry Pi module, along with enhancements in memory capacity and camera quality, are recommended for optimized performance, especially for larger-scale deployments. This project also suggests potential expansions, such as integrating voice-based assistance and linking with police databases for enhanced security measures. Leveraging technologies like WhatsApp for notifications and implementing cloud-based storage to manage visitor records efficiently can further streamline operations and reduce costs. Recognizing the limitations of the current hardware, the project underscores the potential for significant improvement with better processing modules. Overall, the project demonstrates the feasibility of locally developed solutions for implementing robust security systems with facial recognition capabilities, offering practical insights for similar initiatives across Africa.

2 - Integrated Security System Design Benefits and Philosophy

This study aimed to explore the impact of perceived operational risks (supply chain disruptions, food safety, and IT - technological risks) on customer satisfaction at Panda Retail Company in Saudi Arabia. Utilizing a descriptive, survey-based approach, data was collected from a random sample of 100 Panda customers through an online questionnaire. The findings revealed that 76% of customers acknowledge the negative impact of essential product shortages on the perceived value of service, with 79% expressing frustration when encountering seasonal product shortages. Regarding food safety risks, 72% of customers emphasized the detrimental effect of non-compliance with hygiene standards on their satisfaction, while 73% indicated that the presence of expired products diminishes the service value. Although 81% of customers expressed overall satisfaction with their shopping experience at Panda, only 62% were satisfied with product prices. Furthermore, 76% of customers recognized the impact of electronic payment system malfunctions on service value, and 65% expressed concern over potential personal data loss due to technical glitches. The study concluded that a statistically significant but weak relationship exists between perceived operational risks and customer satisfaction, indicating other factors might influence customer satisfaction. Based on these findings, the study recommends Panda to enhance supply chain management to ensure product availability, tighten food safety control measures across all stores, invest in technological infrastructure to guarantee stable and secure electronic systems, and strengthen loyalty programs and effective communication with customers.

The library is witnessing an exponential boom in the multitude of applications and services with the involvement of latest technologies. With the expansion of information and the concerned embedded knowledge in the era of information technology, there is an urgent warrant for the adequate security of information for its organised use and effective exploitation. The use of security arrangements which runs via electronic means has led to manifold increase in the overall safety of a library, in addition to the cut in the budget to enhance return on investment. The present paper deals with different aspects of the electronic security systems applied in the library environment, including the different components involved. The study also enumerates the positive influence of a secure environment and thus provides recommendations for the implementation of these security systems to improve the facilities of libraries.

It was shown, that in order to value the efficiency of electronic security system (ESS), you have to know efficiencies of its components. In order to instance evaluation possibilities of efficiency of individual ESS pieces, several calculation methods of efficiency of sensors (of sensors, as individual electronic devices, of sensors definable with many indexes and sensors, used by security of territory perimeter) were presented. It was shown, how is efficiency of security changing, by using several sensors for the same area secure and by evaluation chances of incorruptibility of these sensors. Ill. 7, bibl. 4 (in Lithuanian; summaries in Lithuanian, Russian, English).

Assessing the behavior of active implanted medical devices (AIMDs) in response to electromagnetic field (EMF) transmitters is a current issue of great importance. Given the numerous telecommunication systems and our lack of knowledge as to the impact of electromagnetic effects, this study investigated the reality of possible AIMD disturbance by EMFs by interviewing health professionals. A self-administered postal questionnaire was sent to almost 5,000 physicians in five specialties: cardiology; endocrinology; ears, nose, and throat; urology; and neurology. It collected data on the existence and annual number of incidents observed and the conditions under which they occurred, the EMF sources involved, and the means of managing the malfunctions. A total of 1,188 physicians agreed to participate. Sixteen percent of participants reported cases of implant failure, three-quarters of whom, mainly in cardiology, reported rates of at least one incident per year-amounting to more than 100 incidents per year in all. Severity appeared to be moderate (discomfort or transient symptoms), but frequently required resetting or, more rarely, replacing the device. Some serious incidents were, however, reported. The sources implicated were basically of two types: electronic security systems (antitheft and airport gates) and medical electromagnetic radiation devices. These incidents were poorly reported within the public health system, preventing follow-up and effective performance of alert and surveillance functions. Although minor, the risk of interference between EMF sources and AIMDs is real and calls for vigilance. It particularly concerns antitheft and airport security gates, though other sources may also cause incidents.

Electromagnetic fields may interfere with normal pacemaker function. Despite the introduction of modern pacemakers and bipolar lead systems, electromagnetic interference (EMI) still remains to be a concern during daily lives when patients are exposed to cellular phones, electronic security systems, and several household appliances. The aim of this study was to evaluate potential EMI risk of induction ovens, which are increasingly used in private households. The study included 40 consecutive patients (22 men, 18 women; age 73 +/- 11 years) with implanted DDD, VVI, VDD, and AAI pacemaker systems. The pacemakers were programmed to unipolar sensing and pacing. Sensitivity remained unchanged, if the measured sensing threshold was more than twice the programmed value; otherwise, it was set at half of the measured sensing threshold. Patients were placed in a sitting position at the closest possible distance of about 20 cm between two cooking pots and pacemaker bending the upper part of the body slightly over the induction oven. The energy was increased stepwise to the maximum. One pot was removed and placed again at the highest oven level. Potential interference was monitored continuously. The study showed no incidence of pacemaker malfunction during the entire test while the patients with intrinsic cardiac rhythms were exposed to the induction oven at varying energy strengths. Likewise, there was no external interference when the patients were paced at heart rates of 10-15 beats/min above their heart rates. The programmed parameters remained unchanged after the study. In conclusion, this study shows no EMI risk of an induction oven in patients with bipolar or right-sided unipolar pacemakers.

<p>This article addresses pressing challenge of securing high-value electronic equipment, notably cameras, which face dual threats of damage in high humidity conditions and theft due to their significant market value. To confront these issues, the study introduces innovative internet of things (IoT)-driven approach aimed at strengthening conventional storage box security. Central to this approach is integration of IoT technologies, such as Arduino and ESP32, to develop advanced safety storage box. This enhanced system features essential hardware components, including buzzer, password-protected keypad, radio frequency identification reader, and DHT11 sensor for humidity monitoring. Additionally, mobile alarm system is incorporated to promptly alert owners of any detected movement vibrations, thereby augmenting security measures. By leveraging these components, proposed methodology seeks to mitigate risks associated with camera theft and fungal contamination, thereby advancing electronic device security. The expected outcome is marked enhancement in protection of high-value electronic equipment, particularly cameras, through continuous real-time monitoring and proactive security measures. This research underscore’s critical role of IoT technologies in fortifying security measures for valuable electronic assets, contributing significantly to ongoing discourse on innovative strategies in field. Through its comprehensive approach, this study aims to offer practical solutions to mitigate security risks and safeguard electronic equipment against potential threats, thereby addressing critical need in realm of electronic device security.</p>

Rapid development of e-commerce and mobile communication opens a new era of big data. In this article, the authors put big data and e-commerce security together. They construct electronic commerce security system from these aspects: the creation of database, the security of information storage, the mining of information based on big data environment thoroughly. The second-generation product distributed platform- Apache Hadoop which is more popular and instant has been brought in. what's more, this article expounds the structure and working process. On the base of this platform, this article analyses the certainty and security of e-commerce transactions data developed on the condition of big data. It puts forward a construction view that people should guide and monitor the behavior of e-commerce, and improve the security system of electronic commerce on the base of data.