2 - Integrated Security System Design Benefits and Philosophy

Integrated security system need an efficient communication network to exchange the great amount of data necessary to make them work correctly. In the present paper, a new adaptive genetic controller for the dynamic optimization of network traffic of integrated security systems whose theoretical results have been tested and confirmed on wide and complex integrated security systems such as the Vatican City and Senate of Italian Republic ones is presented.

In this paper, the electromagnetic interference resulting from the non-lighting electric cloud on the electronic security system is studied. Through analyzing the main influential factors and mechanism of atmospheric electrical environment, the models of two kinds of non-lightning electric cloud interferences have been built. Besides, with the different aircraft flight paths, the intensity and the rate of change of the induced electric field of the electronic security system is analyzed quantitatively. Then it is concluded that the electric cloud has no interference on the electronic security system.

Transport safety systems and electronic security system Personal Rapid Transit (PRT) steering systems constitute a spatially formed set of elements that operate together in order to achieve the assumed level of security at a railway station or during the performance of transportation operations. Occurring intended or unintended electromagnetic interferences in the process of exploitation electronic systems may cause the occurrence of catastrophic damages or can be the reason of a reduction of the work quality of these systems. Small frequency range electromagnetic interference (up to 100 kHz) that occurs in an extensive “railway” area should be considered separately, i.e. the electric and magnetic components of this field should be distinguished. Because of measurements and legal regulations concerning the impact of this interference on elements, devices and electronic systems. Any disruption of the primary functions of the steering system can be the cause of the occurrence of human life and health hazards. The present article discusses the impact of electromagnetic interference: the electric component of the field on the process of the operation of the PRT steering and security system.KeywordsSmall frequencyelectromagnetic interferencesecurity system

In a culture of fear, everyday life is experienced through the feeling of safety, part of which can be secured through certain electronic home security systems. Three films – Unlawful Entry (1992), Panic Room (2002) and When a Stranger Calls (2006) – will be used as examples in the attempt to consider the relationship between the fear of criminal activity – in this case break ins – and electronic home security systems. The basic premise of the research is that the culturally manufactured fear encourages the electronic home security system industry, the presence of which can, in turn, exasperate one’s fear of the risk of falling victim to violent crime.

This paper presents an analysis of the impact of conducted and radiated electromagnetic interference affecting the electrical circuits of electronic security systems (ESS) operating over wide areas. The Earth’s electromagnetic environment is heavily distorted by intended and unintended (stationary or non-stationary) sources of radiation. The occurrence of electromagnetic interference in a given environment where an ESS is in use is the cause of damage or malfunction of the entire system or its individual components, e.g., detectors, modules, control panels, etc. In this article, the authors conducted an assessment of the electromagnetic environment where ESS are operated and conducted studies of selected sources of interference. For selected ESS structures, they developed models of the impact of conducted and radiated interference on the process of using these systems in a given environment. For selected technical structures of ESS, the authors of this article developed models of the operation process. They also carried out a computer simulation to determine the impact of natural and artificial electromagnetic interference occurring on the process of using these systems in a given environment over a wide area. The considerations carried out in this article are summarized in the conclusions chapter about the process of using ESS in a distorted electromagnetic environment.

The use of facial recognition for different security systems is increasingly vital in various sectors, even where electronic security systems are prevalent. This project aims to address the need for cost-effective solutions, particularly pertinent due to high funding requirements for facial recognition systems. The prototype, based on a Raspberry Pi 3 system, utilizes locally sourced materials, showcasing feasibility and adaptability within the region. It employs microcontrollers, sensors, and an SD card for data management, with Python programming facilitating system operation. Additional components like a display screen and buzzer enhance user interaction and notifications. The methodology utilized draws from Dennis and Wixom’s prototype methodology (Dennis and Wixom, 2003), encompassing three phases: analysis, design, and implementation. During testing, the system effectively differentiated between authorized and unauthorized individuals, granting or denying access accordingly. However, improvements to the Raspberry Pi module, along with enhancements in memory capacity and camera quality, are recommended for optimized performance, especially for larger-scale deployments. This project also suggests potential expansions, such as integrating voice-based assistance and linking with police databases for enhanced security measures. Leveraging technologies like WhatsApp for notifications and implementing cloud-based storage to manage visitor records efficiently can further streamline operations and reduce costs. Recognizing the limitations of the current hardware, the project underscores the potential for significant improvement with better processing modules. Overall, the project demonstrates the feasibility of locally developed solutions for implementing robust security systems with facial recognition capabilities, offering practical insights for similar initiatives across Africa.

The security system for authentication and user records in a smart hospital is part of an integrated security system consisting of various authentication devices. The security system should be adapted to different characteristics of users, their user processes, but also to periods when the possibility of infection is increased due to a virus pandemic and contamination during multiple touches of different persons on authentication devices. The use of gloves and a medical face mask during a pandemic limits biometric scanning of fingerprints and facial images. During a virus pandemic, some authentication devices have limitations that need to be considered when creating an integrated security system that will have the purpose of securing doctors, staff, patients, information, and things in a smart hospital. In this paper, the parameters on the basis of which it is possible to design an optimally integrated security system are recommended.

Rapid development of e-commerce and mobile communication opens a new era of big data. In this article, the authors put big data and e-commerce security together. They construct electronic commerce security system from these aspects: the creation of database, the security of information storage, the mining of information based on big data environment thoroughly. The second-generation product distributed platform- Apache Hadoop which is more popular and instant has been brought in. what's more, this article expounds the structure and working process. On the base of this platform, this article analyses the certainty and security of e-commerce transactions data developed on the condition of big data. It puts forward a construction view that people should guide and monitor the behavior of e-commerce, and improve the security system of electronic commerce on the base of data.

The article presents issues related to the use of electronic security systems (ESB) on a vast railway area. These systems are operated in very different environmental conditions. Due to the fact that electrical and electronic systems coexist on the extensive railway area for various purposes - e.g. power supply systems for railway traction, rail traffic control systems (SRK), electronic security systems - fire alarm system (SSP), CCTV system (CCTV), access control system (SKD), a significant operational problem in addition to environmental changes in which the above-mentioned technical facilities are used, there is also the issue of electromagnetic compatibility. Depending on the area extent of the railway area, construction, technical configuration, way of alarming, safety classes of these systems may be different. In SSP there is another factor that affects the configuration of these systems, namely the so-called fire scenario and how to notify the State Fire Service (PSP) about an existing fire risk or damage. There are several different ESB structures - focused, distributed and mixed. The type of ESB used in a given railway facility - construction or open area is conditioned by its cubic capacity [m3], terrain extent [m2 or km2] and the number of supervised facilities. The use of a given type of ESB to ensure safety and fire protection in a given railway area also depends on the requirements of legal provisions for the object(s), the fire scenario that must be implemented by the system, legal requirements for the given protected area, the accepted scope of protection and the reliability and operational requirements to be met by these installations. The article presents basic issues related to ESB operation that are used in the selected railway area. The review of technical solutions of selected ESBs and the methodology of conducting the analysis for the purposes of developing, e.g. fire scenario or hazard analysis, presented in the article, will enable railway facility designers to properly develop design assumptions.

The library is witnessing an exponential boom in the multitude of applications and services with the involvement of latest technologies. With the expansion of information and the concerned embedded knowledge in the era of information technology, there is an urgent warrant for the adequate security of information for its organised use and effective exploitation. The use of security arrangements which runs via electronic means has led to manifold increase in the overall safety of a library, in addition to the cut in the budget to enhance return on investment. The present paper deals with different aspects of the electronic security systems applied in the library environment, including the different components involved. The study also enumerates the positive influence of a secure environment and thus provides recommendations for the implementation of these security systems to improve the facilities of libraries.

It was shown, that in order to value the efficiency of electronic security system (ESS), you have to know efficiencies of its components. In order to instance evaluation possibilities of efficiency of individual ESS pieces, several calculation methods of efficiency of sensors (of sensors, as individual electronic devices, of sensors definable with many indexes and sensors, used by security of territory perimeter) were presented. It was shown, how is efficiency of security changing, by using several sensors for the same area secure and by evaluation chances of incorruptibility of these sensors. Ill. 7, bibl. 4 (in Lithuanian; summaries in Lithuanian, Russian, English).

A study performed at Westminster College recommended that an electronic security system plus various supplementary deterrents be installed as security measures in both the main and science libraries. The study also concluded that door checkers would not be an acceptable alternative to the electronic systems. This paper discusses the reasoning underlying the latter decision. Door checkers can be either students or adults. Students are largely ineffective, and cost more than the electronic systems in no more than a few years. Adults are more effective than students but not as effective as electronic systems, and they cost considerably more than these systems in only one year's time.

Radio systems are in contact with the channels of information transmission in high-tech information times tightly more and more. The channel becomes an important part of radio systems, which is known as the radiowave propagation environment. Digital grid data can not only reflect the continuous visibilities of different part of the radiowave environmental parameters, but can achieve the propagation forecasts and generate the necessary visual maps for any regions. Based on the radiowave space grid environmental information data from advanced remote sensing instruments and radiowave environment station networks, as well as the management and application of space-time information which is expressed by radiowave environment grid data, the radiowave environment observation and security system is realized with comprehensive observation system, abundant data acquisition methods, integrated earth space, and real-time information capacity that can be used in radar, communication, monitoring and control, navigation and other electronic information systems, and integrated security systems, etc.

Purpose: This article aims to assess the effectiveness of security management systems in public organisations using statistical data and institutional reports, with particular emphasis on the relationship between the maturity of these systems and the level of threats, including cybersecurity threats and incidents.The article aims to fill a research gap in the empirical analysis of the actual functioning of security systems in the public sector.Design/Methodology/Approach: The research was conducted using triangulation of research methods.Statistical data from institutional reports, document analysis (control and audit reports), comparative methods and analysis of scientific literature on security management, risk management and organisational resilience were used.The main research problem was formulated as follows: to what extent does the maturity of security management systems affect the level of threats and the effectiveness of public organisations' responses?The research hypothesis was that public organisations with more mature security management systems have fewer security incidents, shorter response times, and greater organisational resilience than entities with fragmented or informal security systems. Findings:The study indicates a clear relationship between the maturity of security management systems and the level of risk in public organisations.Entities with integrated security systems, regular risk analyses, functioning audit mechanisms, and a developed security culture are characterised by fewer incidents (including cybersecurity incidents) and a higher effectiveness in responding to threats.Practical implications: The article contributes to research on security management in the public sector by empirically confirming the importance of system maturity for organisational resilience. Originality value:The results also have a practical dimension and can serve as a basis for improving security management systems and data-driven decision-making in public organisations.

Nowadays, there appeared a tendency of expanding scope and scale of activities in the Arctic. This is accompanied by the increasing number of security threats and potential emergencies factors in the region. Arctic region development involves implementing the goals of reducing risks to global and regional security. An important role in implementing the strategy of creating a comprehensive security system in the Arctic belongs to efficient protection of population and territories, critically important and potentially dangerous facilities from natural and man-made emergencies. All dangerous factors characterizing emergencies require generation of a complex approach to ensure security in the Arctic territories, increasing the rescue services resource potential and providing monitoring the environment components state and pollution. This article identifies ways to solve the problem of strategic planning and deployment of forces and facilities when creating an integrated security system under resource constraints and dynamically changing situation in the Arctic. An organization chart of strategic resource planning for emergencies management in the Arctic was developed. A decision-making algorithm is proposed to elaborate forces and facilitate composition for the Arctic integrated search-and-rescue centers based on the developed chart. Achieving results in strategic planning involves elaboration of a program for developing forces and facilities of the integrated security system in the Arctic region on the basis of results obtained within the simulation process. The program should reflect step-by-step solution of strategic planning tasks in accordance with goals, resource and time constraints.