Emotional design of web page

The usability of an interface is a fundamental issue to elucidate. Many researchers argued that many usability results and recommendations lack empirical and experimental data. In this research, the usability of the web pages is evaluated using several carefully selected statistical models. Universities web pages are chosen as subjects for this work for ease of comparison and ease of collecting data. A series of experiments has been conducted to investigate into the usability and design of the universities web pages. Prototype web pages have been developed according to the structured methodologies of web pages design and usability. Universities web pages were evaluated together with the prototype web pages using a questionnaire which was designed according to the Human Computer Interactions (HCI) heuristics. Nine (users) respondents’ variables and 14 web pages variables (items) were studied. Stringent statistical analysis was adopted to extract the required information to form the data acquired, and augmented interpretation of the statistical results was followed. The results showed that the analysis of variance (ANOVA) procedure showed there were significant differences among the universities web pages regarding most of the 23 items studied. Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) showed that the prototype usability performed significantly better regarding most of the items. The correlation analysis showed significant positive and negative correlations between many items. The regression analysis revealed that the most significant factors (items) that contributed to the best model of the universities web pages design and usability were: multimedia in the web pages, the web pages icons (alone) organisation and design, and graphics attractiveness. The results showed some of the limitations of some heuristics used in conventional interface systems design and proposed some additional heuristics in web pages design and usability.

This paper conducts an experimental study on university web pages to examine whether the hyperlink style affects users' feelings of a web page. We categorize 3 hyperlink styles, including only, and symbol, and and icon. A grey relational analysis conducted suggests that the hyperlink style is a crucial element in user-centered web page design. The experimental study identifies 7 web page design elements and 33 representative webs pages as experimental samples for developing a neural network (NN) model. The NN mode is used to examine the complex relationship between 7 design elements and 3 users' feelings of web pages. With the NN model, a web page design database is built consisting of 3,645 different combinations of design elements, together with their associated feeling values. As a general rule, a web page with the text only hyperlinks has the highest possibility of being easiest and clearest. A web page with the text and symbol hyperlinks will have the most classic look, while the text and icon hyperlinks will make the web page have the most modern appearance. These design-supporting results provide useful insights in facilitating the user-centered web design process.

With a growing population of elderly people, more Web pages designed for the elderly appear. The design of Web pages not only is required to meet the physical characteristics of the elderly, but also needs to meet the characteristics of elderly visual behaviors. This study aims to investigate the strategy of elderly people in visual search and browse on Web pages using eye-tracking. The experimental results showed that, in visual search, the elderly people were under a higher mental load, and more likely to pay attention to the peripheral area; whereas in visual browse, their mental load is lower, and more likely to pay attention to central area. The results indicate that, the Web pages designed for the elderly should try to put the title with the hyperlink feature on the peripheral area, and put the main information content on the central area. Furthermore, it should take measures to reduce the mental stress of the elderly in visual search on Web pages.

How will the use of graphics affect visual aesthetics? A user-centered approach for web page design

The development of the Internet has changed a purely text-based environment with relatively simple presentation features to one driven by graphics and multimedia (including complex scripting). This development has presented many difficulties for those computer users with disabilities ranging from congenital causes, aging, or injury. Web accessibility is related to usability, or the design of Web pages that can be used by as many computer users as possible, and Web accessibility refers to designing a Web page “so that more people can use...[a] web site effectively in more situations” (Thatcher et al., 2002, p. 13). “... The objective is to make the world directly usable by as many people (with and without disabilities) as possible.” (Vanderheiden, 2003).

Alone with Internet appeared, the web applications have been used in many business areas. But the flexibility, changeful and reuse of web page is always one of core difficult problems to many web designers and developers. Here start at introduction of data-driven method and analysis problems of web pages design and implementations, by research and study on the XML, XSL and MVC technologies, it introduces an XML based data-driven dynamic web page design method and model to provide a dynamic web page generation and then to improve web page reusability, scalability, flexibility, and extensibility. At the end, it demonstrates the implementation with XSL templates.KeywordsXMLData-DrivenWeb PageXSL

Googling for Health Information

Eyetracking studies seem to suggest that users do not look at large expressive graphics on web pages [1,2], as seen in the relatively few gaze fixations such graphics attract from users in task-driven eyetracking studies. However, many studies show that users react in very fast important ways to the overall design of web pages, and that such reactions have a profound effect on user's judgments of the usability, aesthetic merit, and trustworthiness of web page designs [3,4].

The Internet offers new possibilities to the access of information, but sometimes the design of Web pages obstructs the contents making them inaccessible to everybody, especially for those people with visual disabilities. The problem has several sides. On the one hand, the inaccessible design of the pages. On the other hand, most of the browsers used to surf the net are thought to be managed by users without visual disabilities. Although there are tools to help in the right design of Web pages or in the interpretation of Web pages for people with visual handicaps, to our knowledge there is not an integrated tool useful for both, the designers and the visually handicapped users. Our research group has developed such a tool called kai (Kit for the Accessibility to the Internet). kai is based on two main pillars: a new markup language with accessibility features called Blind Markup Language (bml) and WebTouch, a multimodal browser taking blind people into special consideration. In this paper we focus on WebTouch and its two modalities for surfing the net: voice and tactile skills.

Dynamic web development still borrows heavily from its origins in CGI scripts: modern web applications are largely designed and developed as programs that happen to output HTML. This thesis proposes to investigate the idea taking a mockup-centric approach instead, in which self-contained, full page web mockups are the central artifact driving the application development process. In some cases, these mockups are sufficient to infer the dynamic application structure completely.This approach to mockup driven development is made possible by the development of a language the thesis develops, called Cascading Tree Sheets (CTS), that enables a mockup to be annotated with enough information so that many common web development tasks and workflows can be eliminated or vastly simplified. CTS describes and encapsulates a web page's design structure the same way CSS describes its styles. This enables mockups to serve as the input of a web application rather than simply a design artifact. Using this capability, I will study the feasibility and usability of mockup driven development for a range of novice and expert authorship tasks. The thesis aims to finish by demonstrating that the functionality of a domain-specific content management system can be inferred automatically from site mockups.

Effects of screen resolution and column ratio on search performance and subjective preferences

소리가 잘 들리지 않는 청각장애인은 소리를 표시하는 글자를 익히고 복잡한 개념을 전달하는 글을 이해하는 데 어려움이 많다. 그래서 자연스럽게 표정, 몸짓, 손짓으로 의사를 전달하는 수화가 청각장애인들의 주요 의사소통수단으로 자리잡아왔지만 사회에서는 글과 말이 주요 정보전달 수단으로 이용되고 있어 청각장애인이 정보에 접근하고 지식을 넓혀 직업을 갖는데 큰 어려움이 있다. 특히 근래에 인터넷이 보편화됨에 따라 정상인의 정보 습득량은 크게 늘었지만, 글로 표현된 인터넷을 이해하기 어려운 청각장인들은 인터넷 정보에 접근하는데 어려움이 많다. 본 연구에서는 청각장애인을 위한 수화 웹페이지를 제작할 수 있는 수화 웹페이지 제작시스템을 개발하였다. 수화 웹페이지 제작 시스템은 청각장애인용 수화 웹페이지 제작자가 통상적인 인터넷 사용에 필요한 하드웨어 및 소프트웨어 환경만 갖추면 운영할 수 있도록 웹기반으로 개발하였다. 수화용 웹 페이지 제작자는 게시판 형태의 인터페이스를 이용하여 변역하고자하는 문장을 서버에 전송할 수 있다. 서버는 수신된 문장을 수화로 번역하여 3D 아바타 기반의 수화 그래픽 애니메이션을 랜더링한다. 수화 그래픽 애니메이션은 MP4 형식의 동영상으로 변환되며, 스트리밍 서버의 저장소에 보관된다. 저장된 수화 동영상의 이름과 주소는 수화 웹페이지 제작자가 처음 문장을 입력하였던 게시판에 표시되도록 하여 향후 청각장애인용 웹 페이지를 제작할 때 활용할 수 있도록 하였다. 또한 본 연구에서는 웹페이지 제작자가 공공기관의 웹페이지를 제작할 수 있도록, 이들 기관에서 현재 사용된 글들을 수화로 번역할 때 필요한 수화 단어를 수화 웹페이지 제작 시스템의 수화 사전에 추가하였다. 수화 단어를 추가함으로써 웹기반 수화 웹페이지 제작 시스템이 공공부문에 보다 더 많이 활용될 수 있을 것이다. Hearing-impaired people have difficulty in hearing, so it is also hard for them to learn letters that represent sound and text that conveys complex and abstract concepts. Therefore it has been natural choice for the hearing-impaired people to use sign language for communication, which employes facial expression, and hands and body motion. However, the major communication methods in daily life are text and speech, which are big obstacles for the hearing-impaired people to access information, to learn and make intellectual activities, and to get jobs. As delivering information via internet become common the hearing-impaired people are experiencing more difficulty in accessing information since internet represents information mostly in text forms. This intensifies unbalance of information accessibility. This paper reports web-based text-to-sign language translating system that helps web designer to use sign language in web page design. Since the system is web-based, if web designers are equipped with common computing environment for internet browsing, they can use the system. The web-based text-to-sign language system takes the format of bulletin board as user interface. When web designers write paragraphs and post them through the bulletin board to the translating server, the server translates the incoming text to sign language, animates with 3D avatar and records the animation in a MP4 file. The file addresses are fetched by the bulletin board and it enables web designers embed the translated sign language file into their web pages by using HTML5 or Javascript. Also we analyzed text used by web pages of public services, then figured out new words to the translating system, and added to improve translation. This addition is expected to encourage wide and easy acceptance of web pages for hearing-impaired people to public services.

A relevant consequence of the expansion of the web and e-commerce is the growth of the demand of new web sites and web applications. As a result, web sites and applications are usually developed without a formalized process, and web pages are directly coded in an incremental way, where new pages are obtained by duplicating existing ones. Duplicated web pages, having the same structure and just differing for the data they include, can be considered as clones. The identification of clones may reduce the effort devoted to test, maintain and evolve web sites and applications. Moreover, clone detection among different web sites aims to detect cases of possible plagiarism. In this paper we propose an approach. based on similarity metrics, to detect duplicated pages in web sites and applications, implemented with HTML language and ASP technology. The proposed approach has been assessed by analyzing several web sites and Web applications. The obtained results are reported in the paper with respect to some case studies.

Computer image processing technology is an important part of web design, which can effectively improve the appeal and artistic sense of web page. With the development of the times, the influence of the network in people's life is more and more big, web design has also been widely concerned by people. The application of computer image processing technology in web page design can make the web page more beautiful and efficient. With the continuous improvement of the current society's attention to network publicity, it provides favorable conditions for the combination of art and network development. The application of computer image processing in web design can increase the artistry and attractiveness of web pages, and achieve the purpose of network publicity through the stimulation of people's interest, which can greatly promote the development of the industry. This paper analyzes the web design image processing knowledge and computer image processing technology in the application of web design, for reference only.

Explosive growth in size and usage of the World Wide Web has made it Necessary for Web site administrators to track and analyze the navigation patterns of Web site visitors. However, data mining techniques are not easily applicable to Web data due to problems both related with the technology underlying the Web and the lack of standards in the design and implementation of Web pages. Information collected by Web servers and kept in the server log is the main source of data for analyzing user navigation patterns.Once logs have been preprocessed and sessions have been obtained there are several kinds of access pattern mining that can be performed depending on the needs of the analyst. It is important to mention that most efforts have relied on relatively simple techniques which can be inadequate for real user profile data since noise in the data has to be firstly tacked. Thus, there is a need for robust methods that integrates different intelligent techniques that are free of any assumptions about the noise contamination rate.In this paper, the problem of mining behavior patterns on the Web is studied in detail and different approaches to solve the problem are analyzed. An algorithm is given to calculate frequent access patterns. This algorithm is based on a model structure that has been called WPC-Tree that stores in each node relevant information about pages that make it possible to apply data mining techniques to obtain useful patterns.KeywordsWeb miningfrequent pathsnavigation patterns