Essential Concepts in Cloud Computing

Edge computing is a technique of optimizing cloud computing systems by performing data processing at the edge of the network, near the source of the data in the systems. And, cloud computing is a service that delivers on-demand self-service, broad network access, resource pooling, rapid elasticity or expansion, which is trending in today's technology-driven world. With the advantage of flexibility, storage, sharing, and easy accessibility, cloud is being used by major players in IT (information technology). This chapter highlights cloud/edge computing architecture and its current issues and challenges from technological and organizational aspects. A brief introduction of edge computing architecture with similar technologies along with its service models is discussed. A few counterexamples of cloud computing architecture are showed. Organizational aspects of cloud computing architecture, as well as IBM and Oracle reference cloud architecture, are briefly presented. Some emerging issues and challenges associated with cloud/edge computing on its utilization are also elaborated.

Cloud computing has become a foundational technology in modern digital infrastructure, providing scalable, flexible, and cost-effective solutions for data storage, application deployment, and computational tasks. As cloud environments grow increasingly complex, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force capable of optimizing cloud operations, enhancing security, improving user experience, and enabling intelligent automation. This chapter examines the integration of AI into cloud computing, highlighting current applications, technological advancements, challenges, and future possibilities. It contributes new insights by proposing an integrated AI–Cloud framework that addresses resource optimization, predictive maintenance, autonomous decision-making, and sustainable computing. Keywords: Cloud Computing, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Reinforcement Learning, Natural Language Processing, AIOps, Resource Optimization, Intelligent Automation, Cloud Security

Cloud computing is still in the stage of rapid development. So in this article the origin and concept of cloud computing will be summarized in detail, the character, basic structure of the cloud computing and its application and impact in each field will be analyzed strongly. In the cloud computing environment, the construction and service of digital library has changed greatly. The cloud storage based on digital library,the digital library infrastructure integration and construction based on cloud service, and even the library automation based on cloud computing, all of these need to research deeply in library field in the cloud computing. Besides,the changes of digital library service model based on cloud computing are also the one of the important content. In this article three kinds of service model is proposed:personalized cloud platform service model based on the needs of the users, user active push-service model and sharing cloud platform service model. Structure model is designed respectively, the working process and model of service model is explained, and their application scope is analyzed in this article.

Information and communication technology (ICT) and systems are essential for every business. They can be used in retail, manufacturing and other industries. Nevertheless, new and innovative ideas and solutions are constantly emerging and introducing new possibilities for the reorganization of traditional logistics processes. Particularly, attention is given to basic concept of CC (cloud computing) service models and opportunities in logistics. This paper provides comprehensive review and comparison of different ICT solutions and CC applications. As a new and cutting-edge technology, CC is changing the form and function of information technology infrastructures making supply chain information collaboration easy and feasible. It can also be an enabler of fully electronic logistics management systems. Adoption of CC concept involves strong hardware support, good internet connectivity and implied reorganization of traditional business activities.

Cloud computing is a phenomenon that is currently a lot of attention from practitioners of information technology. Cloud computing can be composed of several types of services that are known to Saas, PaaS and IaaS, public and private cloud computing. Companies that do not invest themselves in the information technology infrastructure to use cloud computing services as a solution. By adopting and implementing a cloud computing services company can shift the cost of information technology infrastructure investments become operational costs by purchasing cloud computing services. Nevertheless, cloud computing, especially for the type of private cloud is still a bit of adopting it, whether it is caused by the absence of reference to the implementation or caused by something else. The purpose of this study was to analyze the adoption of cloud computing that suitable and beneficial for the company in its operational activities. The study was conducted by analysis of some of the literature related to cloud computing, benefits and barriers. According to the analysis of the literature can be explained some of the benefits associated with the adoption of cloud computing. Based on several studies that have been done, the benefits of implementing cloud computing is primarily financial savings and benefits of resource management that is the flexibility and scalability of the company's operations. However, some considerations still need to be done for a company that will implement cloud computing and those things are data security issues, legal issues and the implications for the company.

Cloud computing is one of the most spectacular technological achievements of the 21st century, allowing users to access various on-demand services (e.g., storage, servers, networks, apps, and services) from anywhere. All advanced technologies such as internet of things (IoT), smart cities, smart grid, system automation, 5G, and logistics systems require services offered by cloud computing. This paper provides a complete architectural tutorial on cloud computing, focusing on various service and deployment models, architectures, inter-clouds concepts, and multiple merits of cloud computing in artificial intelligence, fog computing, edge computing, and IoT. It also discusses different quality-of-service (QoS) parameters that are helpful for the consumers to decide upon the service quality offered by any cloud provider. A comparative study of the hypervisor and container-based virtualization technologies has been discussed. Finally, simulation tools and various open research issues of cloud computing are presented, appealing for the researchers to decide on future research directions.

Technologies such as cloud, fog, and edge computing offer exceptional solutions for many technical problems in the Internet of Things (IoT). Cloud computing offers enormous flexibility in terms of resource availability and demand. In this paper, the role of cloud, edge, and fog computing in IoT was discussed along with the emergence of numerous IoT smart scenarios which are difficult to implement. This research is important in guiding future network paradigms that require faster processing with less delay and disruption, and the advanced technologies in them can address the challenges of IoT. It also reviews cloud, fog, and edge computing and their relevance to the IoT.

Purpose– This paper aims to cross-culturally compare how consumers in China and Australia adopt cloud computing services. Cloud computing is one of the major innovation advances in information technology. In order for more consumers to adopt cloud computing as a technological innovation, there needs to be a better understanding of the issues involved in consumer adoption processes for online retailers. While there is an increasing amount of interest in cloud computing as a technological innovation, there is an important need to examine the reasons why consumers purchase cloud computing services for online retailers.Design/methodology/approach– In this paper, the technology acceptance model and social cognitive theory are identified as the theoretical frameworks to understand the consumer purchase intention of cloud computing services. A set of research hypotheses are stated from both theoretical frameworks to test their relationship with a consumer’s intention to adopt cloud computing as a technological innovation. These hypotheses focus on perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, online behavioural advertising knowledge, social networks and online privacy concerns, which will help online retailers understand how cloud computing can be utilized by consumers to store and access online retail information.Findings– The findings of the study outline the different areas of technological innovation research that are needed to advance the information technology industry in the future. The findings suggest that perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness and online privacy concerns can determine a consumer’s intention to adopt cloud computing, but online behavioural advertising knowledge and social networks differ among consumers in different countries.Originality/value– The key issues influencing consumer adoption of cloud computing are outlined, which due to the emerging nature of this technological innovation will influence the regulation and marketing of cloud computing services by firms and governments in the technology sector.

Cloud computing is known as a novel information technology (IT) concept, which involves facilitated and rapid access to networks, servers, data saving media, applications and services via Internet with minimum hardware requirements. Use of information systems and technologies at the battlefield is not new. Information superiority is a force multiplier and is crucial to mission success. Recent advances in information systems and technologies provide new means to decision makers and users in order to gain information superiority. These developments in information technologies lead to a new term, which is known as network centric capability. Similar to network centric capable systems, cloud computing systems are operational today. In the near future extensive use of military clouds at the battlefield is predicted. Integrating cloud computing logic to network centric applications will increase the flexibility, cost-effectiveness, efficiency and accessibility of network-centric capabilities. In this paper, cloud computing and network centric capability concepts are defined. Some commercial cloud computing products and applications are mentioned. Network centric capable applications are covered. Cloud computing supported battlefield applications are analyzed. The effects of cloud computing systems on network centric capability and on the information domain in future warfare are discussed. Battlefield opportunities and novelties which might be introduced to network centric capability by cloud computing systems are researched. The role of military clouds in future warfare is proposed in this paper. It was concluded that military clouds will be indispensible components of the future battlefield. Military clouds have the potential of improving network centric capabilities, increasing situational awareness at the battlefield and facilitating the settlement of information superiority.

Machine learning (ML)-centric resource management in cloud computing: A review and future directions

Introduction. In the modern world, socio-economic and political leadership of a country is based on the generation of new knowledge, its commercialization and use in all areas of human activity, it being an important prerequisite for improving the competitiveness of the state. To achieve this goal, individual elements of the national innovation system including the main components of the innovation infrastructure are being formed in many constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Materials and Methods. The constituent entities of the Russian Federation are the object of the research, the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the main components of the innovative productive and technological infrastructure being the subject of the study. A typology of Russia’s regions in terms of the development of their innovative productive and technological infrastructure was carried out. To calculate the integral index of the level of infrastructure development, linear scaling was applied; the number of different objects of productive and technological infrastructure in each region was used as the input indicator. Results. The types of the regions of Russia have been singled out according to the level of development of the productive and technological infrastructure and their brief description has been given. One and the same type includes territories having a similar structure and level of saturation with objects of productive and technological infrastructure which is manifested indirectly in the main results of the innovation activities of the regions. It has been revealed that more than half of the regions of Russia have a low level of development of the productive and technological infrastructure, a small number of regions are characterized by a high level of infrastructure development, in other constituent entities of the Russian Federation an average level of innovation infrastructure development has been noted. Discussion and Conclusion. The level of the innovative development of the regions of Russia largely depends on the degree of development of the productive and technological infrastructure. Further progress of the productive and technological component of the regional innovation systems is associated with the development of effective marketing mechanisms for the commercialization of innovations, with the improvement of the quality of education and its focus on the issues of innovation. The results of the research can be used by decision makers to substantiate the diversification of regional innovation systems in accordance with the priority directions of the technological development of the country.

Cloud computing is a new technology that has great potential for the business world. Many business firms have implemented, are implementing, or planning to implement cloud computing technology. The cloud computing resources are delivered in various forms of service models which make it challenging for business customers to select the model that suits their business needs. This paper proposes a novel group-based decision-making method where a group of decision makers is involved in the decision process. Each decision maker provides weights for the cloud selection criteria. Based on weight aggregations and deviations, decision makers would select the alternative which has the highest ratio of deviation to mean is selected. The method is illustrated with an example on the selection of cloud service models. This method is useful for IT managers in selecting the appropriate cloud service model for their organizations.

Cloud computing can be regarded as the integration of grid computing and virtualization technology: namely the use of grid distributed computing processing power of IT resources and build into a resource pool, plus on a mature server virtualization, storage virtualization technology make users can real-time monitoring and deployment of resources. Cloud computing and advanced manufacturing technology is facing many challenges during the process of development in the future, including security and privacy will become a primary issue. This study focused on relations with the important areas of emerging industries, the fast scheduling network resources in the cloud computing and advanced manufacturing technology key issues, as well as cloud computing security management issues related to cloud computing and advanced manufacturing technology.

Cloud computing is one of the major innovation advances in information technology. In order for more consumers to adopt cloud computing as a technological innovation there needs to be a better understanding of the issues involved in consumer adoption processes. Whilst there is an increasing amount of interest in cloud computing as a technological innovation there is an important need to examine the reasons why consumers adopt cloud computing. In this paper, the technology acceptance model and social cognitive theory are identified as the theoretical frameworks to understand the consumer adoption process of cloud computing. A set of research hypotheses are stated from both theoretical frameworks to test their relationship with a consumer’s intention to adopt cloud computing as a technological innovation. These hypotheses focus on perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, online behavioural advertising knowledge, social networks and online privacy concerns. The findings of the study outline the different areas of technological innovation research that are needed in order to advance the information technology industry in the future. The findings suggest that perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness and online privacy concerns can determine a consumer’s intention to adopt cloud computing but online behavioural advertising knowledge and social networks differ amongst consumers in different countries. Finally, some of the key issues influencing consumer adoption of cloud computing are outlined, which due to the emerging nature of this technological innovation will influence the regulation and marketing of cloud computing services by firms and governments in the technology sector.

Information technology (IT) infrastructure deserves serious attention from both the practitioner and academic communities, especially concerning the factors for IT infrastructure flexibility. The issue of flexibility is viewed as a critical aspect of IT infrastructure, because organizations are faced with an ever-increasing rate of change in their business environments. One effort most business sectors have made to prepare for this change is the trend toward mass customization. Recently, many organizations have embraced mass customization in an attempt to provide unique value to their customers in a cost-efficient manner.The purpose of this study is to empirically investigate a sequential relationship between IT infrastructure flexibility, mass customization, and business performance. The process involves an investigation of the critical factors for IT infrastructure flexibility, along with the firm's mass customization and business performance indicators. The findings of this study provide evidence that integration and modularity of an organization's IT infrastructure facilitate the organization's effort to accommodate mass customization. Additionally, the flexibility of the IT personnel, the human component of IT infrastructure, and mass customization directly affect the organization's business performance.