Integrated Biosensor with Microfluidic Chip and Microwave Sensor Chip for Cell Separation and Detection

The acute effects of dihydrocapsaicin (DHC) and capsaicin (CAP) on the number of white blood cells (WBCs), neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes and NK cells, and serum corticosterone levels were studied in rats. Male 7-wk-old SD rats were divided into DHC (3.0 mg/kg BW), CAP (3.0 mg/kg BW) and control (CON) groups. The number of total WBCs was 1.30-1.42 times significantly higher in the DHC group than in the CON group at 6-12 h. The number of neutrophils was 1.62 times significantly higher in the DHC group than in the CON group at 12 h. The number of total WBCs and neutrophils, however, showed no significant changes between the CAP and CON groups. The number of lymphocytes was 0.61 and 0.70 times significantly lower in the DHC and CAP groups than in the CON group at 3 h. The number of T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes was 0.74 and 0.54 times lower in the DHC group than in the CON group, respectively. CAP, however, did not significantly change the number of T lymphocytes or B lymphocytes. No significant changes in the number of NK cells were observed among the three groups. CAP and DHC did not change the number of monocytes, eosinophils or basophils. No significant changes of the serum corticosterone levels were observed among the three groups. In conclusion, capsaicinoids decreased the number of acquired immunity cells, and increased the number of total WBCs and neutrophils without changing the number of monocytes, eosinophils or basophils. The magnitude of these effects was relatively higher in DHC than in CAP.

Thirteen patients with chronic granulocytic leukemia were given 28 separate irradiations to the spleen for the treatment of their disease. The radiation was given as a single dose that ranged between 100 and 700 rads. The changes in the circulating white blood cell (WBC) count could be represented by the expression $N=B_{0}+S_{0}(e^{-\beta t})$ where N is the number of WBC per mm3 of blood at day t; S0 is the number of WBC, at time zero, originating from the spleen; and B0 is the number of WBC stemming from nonirradiated parts of the body, mostly bone marrow. The disappearance rate β, determined by an indirect method, indicated that S0 cells were leaving the blood with a half-time of 4.5 days. The number of S0 cells could be calculated a posteriori by the expression $S_{0}=(N_{0}-N)/(1-e^{-\beta t})$, where N0 is the number of WBC before spleen irradiation and N the number of WBC at t days after irradiation.

The Effect of Uteroferrin and Recombinant GM-CSF on Hematopoietic Parameters in Normal Female Pigs (Sus scrofa)

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a public health problem in Indonesia whose number of cases continues to increase and its spread is increasingly widespread.Tests used to diagnose dengue fever include a white blood cell count test.White blood cells are cells that play a role in the body's defense system. The reason is, white blood cells help fight infections in the body, such as viruses, bacteria, parasites and fungi. In patients infected with dengue fever, the white blood cell count is usually normal but then decreases (leukopenia) and neutropenia becomes dominant. Thisresearch was conducted from March to April 2023.The aim of this study was to measure the number of white blood cells in dengue fever patients.This type of research is descriptive. The research was carried out using an automatic analysis method (blood analysis) in the laboratory ofKlinik Dr.Trisna Garut, using samples from 30 dengue fever patients who were tested. In this study, the number of white blood cells in dengue fever patients at Klinik Dr.Trisna Garut was 14 (46.7%).Wich is Normal And the white blood cell count results of dengue fever patients at Klinik Dr.Tisna Garut General Hospital decreased by 16 (54.3%).

Platelets and white cells contribute to thrombus formation. In the filterometer, platelet retention in normal citrated blood increases from 47.5% at 0-5 s to 81.5% at 20-40 s. White cell retention is normally closely related to platelet retention at 0-5 s but less so at 20-40 s. However at 20-40 s the number of white blood cells (WBC) retained has decreased relative to 0-5 s. This apparent paradox is now further explored using antibodies to glycoprotein (GP) Ib, to von willebrand factor (vWf) and to GPIIb-IIIa together with observations on a number of clinical conditions with abnormal platelet retention. In citrated blood, platelet retention of 0-5 s was significantly decreased relative to normal in von Willebrand's disease, in aortic valve stenosis and with the addition of anti-vWf-GPIb and minimally with anti-GPIIb-IIIa antibodies. WBC retention of 0-5 s in these groups was always 41 2%. However when platelet retention 0-5 s was raised (pregnancy and venous occlusion), white cell retention was also raised. At 20-40 s in all the nine conditions studied, the white cell and platelet retention were closely related, but the percentage WBC retained decreased relative to the platelet retention. Granulocyte retention was higher than lymphocyte retention, but both cell types were similarly affected. We conclude that the platelets are retained as previously described. The white cells (all types) initially bind at least in part in an independent unexplained way (0-5 s). Thereafter the degree of platelet activity (retention %) largely determines the degree of WBC retention. This is probably due to a proportional amount of P-selectin liberated by the activated platelets.

The purpose of this study is to see how low-power red laser helium-neon and diode lasers with wavelengths of 632.8 nm and 650 nm, respectively, affect some human blood sample factors like viscosity HCT, Platelets PLT, White blood cells WBC, white blood lymphocytes LYM, neutrophilic white blood cells NEUT, red blood cells RBC, and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate ESR. Blood samples were collected from healthy people and placed in EDTA-contained tubes, blood tests were performed on control samples in a blood analyzer, and the samples were divided into two parts and split into two equal tubes to be irradiated with diode and helium-neon lasers for 15 minutes. Using a blood analyzer, measurements were taken immediately after irradiation. The results of this analysis indicated a decrease in the number of white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), and blood viscosity (HCT), as well as a significant rise in the number of neutrophils (NEUT) and platelets (PLT) and increase in the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate ESR after exposure to both helium-neon and diode lasers. This suggests that It is possible to make recommendations, a low-power laser could be used to stimulate blood cells so a laser could be used to treat blood viscosity. Because of the increasing concentrations of free intracellular Calcium ions and the action of laser on the plasma composition, it is acceptable to suggest that laser irradiation can lower the number of white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), and the reason of that is because of a mechanical change in the blood such as a change in the pores of the surfaces and their fixation.

The aim of this work was to determine the role of intraperitoneally-administered vitamin E and selenium on the biochemical and haematological parameters in the blood of rats. Thirty-two adult male Wistar rats were used in this study. All rats were randomly divided into four groups. The first group was used as the control. The second group was intraperitoneally administered with vitamin E (+/-(-)alpha-tocopheroryl acetate, 10 mg day-1), the third group with Se (Na2SeO3 0.2 mg over a day), and the fourth group with vitamin E and Se (vitamin E 10 mg + Na2SeO3 0.2 mg over a day). This administration was done for 5 weeks. Blood samples were taken from animals at the end of the dosage period and biochemical parameters in serum samples and haematological parameters in total blood were determined. The levels of total cholesterol (p < 0.01) and number of white blood cell (p < 0.001) in blood were significantly higher in the vitamin E group than in the control group. The levels of ALP, total cholesterol (p < 0.01) and number of white blood cells (p < 0.01) in blood were significantly higher in the selenium group than in the controls. The levels of glucose (p < 0.05), ALP (p < 0.01), total cholesterol (p < 0.001) and number of white blood cells (p < 0.01) were higher in the vitamin E and selenium combined group than in the controls. Other parameters considered within this trial (ALT, LDH, creatinine, albumin, total protein, amylase, creatine kinase, HDL triglycerides, total lipid, sodium, chloride, uric acids, red blood cell, haemoglobin, packed cell volume, MCV, MCH, MCHC) did not show statistically significant differences between the control and injected groups. The results indicated that blood glucose and total cholesterol levels, ALP activity and white blood cell counts were significantly increased by intraperitoneal administration of vitamin E and selenium in rats.

The objective of this study was to compare the accuracy of available tests for pyuria, including newer automated tests, and to examine the implications of requiring them for the diagnosis of urinary tract infections (UTIs). We included children between 1 and 36 months of age undergoing bladder catheterization for suspected UTIs who presented to 1 of 3 pediatric centers. Using a positive urine culture result as the reference standard, we compared the sensitivity of 5 modalities for assessing pyuria at the cutoffs most often used clinically for detecting children with a positive culture result: leukocyte esterase on a dipstick, white blood cell (WBC) count on manual microscopy with and without using a hemocytometer, automated WBC enumeration using flow cytometry, and automated WBC enumeration using digital imaging with particle recognition. A total of 4188 children were included. Among febrile children, the sensitivity of the 2 most widely available modalities, the leukocyte esterase test and WBC enumeration using digital imaging, had sensitivity values of 84% (95% confidence interval, 0.80-0.87) and 75% (95% confidence interval, 0.66-0.83), respectively. Our findings suggest that for febrile children <36 months of age undergoing bladder catheterization for suspected UTI, pyuria will be absent in ∼20% of children who are eventually shown to have pure growth of a pathogen on a culture. This raises questions about the appropriateness of requiring pyuria for the diagnosis of UTIs.

An open-label, randomized trial of the effects of macrophage versus granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on natural killer cell activity, lymphokine activated killer cell activity, interleukin-2 production, and leukocyte count in patients after chemotherapy for ovarian cancer

A leukocyte and erythrocyte adhesiveness/aggregation test to reveal the presence of smoldering inflammation and risk factors for atherosclerosis

Objective To investigate the relationship between vitamin D, fibrinogen, white blood cell count and hypertension, find out the correlation of vitamin D and fibrinogen. Methods Oct.2010 to Oct.2012 hospitalised 326 hypertensive patients and 218 healthy cases were involved. To analysis the differences of fibrinogen, vitamin D and the number of white blood cells status. Then research the correlation of vitamin D and fibrinogen in hypertension group. Results Compared with the hypertension group and the non-high-blood group, vitamin D, fibrinogen, the number of white blood cells, lymphocytes, neutrophils and lipids, the difference was statistically significant (P &lt; 0.05). To analysis the multiple factors regression, for hypertension, vitamin D is protective factor (B value = 0.186, OR value = 0.83, 95% CI0.795–0.869), but neutrophils, fibrinogen, low density lipoprotein are risk factors (B value were 0.761, 0.173, 0.987, OR value were 2.141, 1.189, 2.128, 95% CI1.445–3.1731, 1.14 1.908, 1.84 3.971). Hypertension group vitamin D and fibrinogen have negative correlation (r = 0.152, P = 0.011). Conclusions The vitamin D level of hypertension group was higher and the fibrinogen level was lower than the non-hypertensive group. For hypertension, vitamin D is protective factor, while neutrophils and fibrinogen are risk factors. Vitamin D and fibrinogen were negatively correlated in hypertension patients.

Background Urinalysis (UA) testing with reflex to culture is commonly ordered and is considered a tool for both diagnostic and antibiotic stewardship. Criteria for culture delineate normal from abnormal values leading to use for diagnosis of urinary tract infections (UTI). However, urinalysis criteria which predict urine culture growth that correlate with UTI are not well elucidated. The objective of this study is to evaluate the utility of several different indicators in urinalysis as reflex criteria to urine culture. The area under the curves are: 0.618 for WBCs, 0.607 for nitrites, 0.570 for LE by semi-quantitative testing, and 0.479 for LE by numeric testing. Methods Retrospective review of 14,212 unique de-identified samples of paired urinalysis and urine culture collected in the Froedtert Health System in Milwaukee, Wisconsin from 9/22/22 to 8/23/23. All urine specimens were included regardless of collection method. Cultures were deemed to be positive if growing at least 100,000 colony-forming units (CFU) of a likely urinary pathogen and were evaluated for white blood cells (WBC), leukocyte esterase (LE), and nitrite positivity in the corresponding urinalysis. Results For each criterion, sensitivity and negative predictive values (NPV) were calculated at varying thresholds. A threshold of 5 WBCs provided the greatest NPV at 88.60%, and the greatest sensitivity at 89.76%. Next, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated and the area under the curves were: 0.618 for WBCs, 0.607 for nitrites, 0.570 for LE by semi-quantitative testing, and 0.479 for LE by numeric testing. Conclusion Of the three urinalysis criteria, WBC had the best sensitivity and NPV but the ROC curves suggest that none of the tests predict significant urine culture growth well, emphasizing the importance of clinical context in both determining when to test and how to interpret. As diagnosis of a UTI does not simply rest on certain CFU growth or uropathogen on urine culture, but requires incorporation of history and physical findings, the next stage will be to correlate urine testing results with symptoms. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Determination of the Volume of HPC, Apheresis Products Based on Weight in Grams

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Reduning injection combined with piperacillin sulbactam in the treatment of community acquired pneumonia(CAP). Methods 122 cases with CAP were randomly divided into treatment group and control group by digital table method.The two groups were given piperacillin sodium and sulbactam sodium 3.75g, once every 12 hours, course 7-10d.The treatment group was treated with Reduning injection, 20ml/d treatment for 7-10d.The clinical symptoms of the two groups before and after treatment, the total number of white blood cells(WBC) and C reactive protein(CRP) to resume normal time were observed. Results The effective rate was 94.91% in the treatment group and 80% in the control group, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(χ2=10.286, P<0.05). The treatment group was significantly shorter than the control group in controlling fever and cough symptoms(all P<0.05).3 months after treatment, the WBC and CRP recovery to the normal rate of the two groups had statistically significant differences (χ2=2.880, 3.926, all P<0.05). No obvious toxic side effects and adverse reactions were observed in the two groups. Conclusion Reduning injection combined with piperacillin sodium and sulbactam sodium in the treatment of CAP can alleviate the clinical symptoms of fever.This method has good clinical curative effect and high safety.It can be used as an effective method for treatment of CAP. Key words: Pneumonia; Community-acquired infections; Reduning injection; Piperacillin sodium and sulbactam sodium

Objective The diagnostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in predicting fracture-related infection (FRI) in tibia fracture patients remains to be explored. Methods A retrospective controlled study was carried out with 170 tibia FRI patients and 162 control subjects. The following information was evaluated at admission: age, gender, clinical features, number of white blood cells (WBCs), neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, red blood cells (RBCs), platelets, level of hemoglobin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), as well as NLR, MLR, and PLR. Results The number of lymphocytes, RBCs, and platelets in the FRI group was higher than those in the control group, while the number of neutrophils and ESR level was lower (P < 0.05). The level of NLR and MLR was significantly lower in patients with tibia FRI than in control subjects (P < 0.05). Both indicators were positively correlated with WBCs, CRP level, and ESR level (P < 0.001). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that five variables including NLR, MLR, platelets, fracture pattern (closed or open fracture), and site pattern (single or multiple site) were used to construct the FRI risk predictor. The ROC curve analysis result showed that FRI risk predictor yielded the highest AUC, with a sensitivity of 91.2% and a specificity of 90.1%, and made the distinction efficiently between tibia FRI patients and non-FRI patients. Conclusion NLR and MLR were decreased in tibia FRI patients compared to non-FRI patients. Both indicators had a positive correlation with WBCs, CRP level, and ESR level. FRI risk predictor constructed based on five variables including NLR and MLR had a high diagnostic value for tibia FRI.