J1102-4-3 重度障害者のための電動車椅子操作支援装置の開発([1102-4]ライフサポート(4))

This paper discuss on how to develop a hard real-time machine control system with Microsoft Windows NT Operating System, where the respond must be within 0.5 milliseconds. The attempt to use a general-purpose operating system (Microsoft Windows NT 4.0 Workstation) is because there is abundance of Commercial-Off-the-Shelf Components (COTS), easily available tools (compilers, and 3 party tools) and need not to learn another operating system behavior. The most important factor is there is no single dominant operating system or tools vendor for real-time operating system. Since the no single dominant real-time operating system development under real-time operating system is riskier and more costly. Ideally codes must be portable between different operating system where it is apparent with Windows platforms, Windows 95/98, Windows ME, Windows 2000, Windows XP or even Windows CE. Firstly study was done on how Microsoft Windows NT operating system works internally from materials from Microsoft Software Development Network (MSDN). Secondly study was done how to take advantage of the operating system to create a real time application. Microsoft Windows NT is a general purpose operating system that does not support real time application development, but it has all the vital elements that a real time operating system needs. The vital elements are priority-driven, preemptive scheduler, preemptive interrupt handler (for critical interrupts), deferred procedure calls (DPC) for non-critical (DPC executes after ISR), synchronization and deterministic response time. With these vital elements and some modification to application codes to enable it to execute in higher priority level, would result a real time application. This does not mean changing all the codes to higher priority is the solution, as it would cause system to malfunction as other device driver or low-level interface run at high priority too and this would lock up the system. With the combination of priority level, synchronization a complete real time solution can be implemented and this paper covers the concept. This concept also explains what was done to overcome the need of special hardware (as recommended) to accomplish hard real-time application with the response of 0.5 milliseconds.

Operating systems (OS) play a major role in the functionality and performance of unmanned aerial vehicles, serving as their central nervous system to manage various components and functions. This article provides a comprehensive overview of embedded operating systems (EOS), real-time operating systems (RTOS), and cloud operating systems (Cloud OS) intended for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). In particular, from the perspective of practical use, both the strengths and weaknesses of the following operating systems were analyzed: PX4 Autopilot, ArduPilot, NuttX, Robot Operating System (ROS), FreeRTOS, MicroPython, and ChibiOS/RT. A general overview of the potential practical applications of Cloud OS is also presented. Therefore, one can gain insights into the criteria for selecting operating systems, as well as their strengths and limitations. It is important to understand that the role of an operating system in UAV development is crucial for optimizing performance, safety, and efficiency across various applications, from agricultural monitoring to security surveillance.

The Multithreaded Application Real-Time executor (MARTe) is a data driven framework environment for the development and deployment of real-time control algorithms. The main ideas which led to the present version of the framework were to standardize the development of real-time control systems, while providing a set of strictly bounded standard interfaces to the outside world and also accommodating a collection of facilities which promote the speed and ease of development, commissioning and deployment of such systems. At the core of every MARTe based application, is a set of independent inter-communicating software blocks, named Generic Application Modules (GAM), orchestrated by a real-time scheduler. The platform independence of its core library provides MARTe the necessary robustness and flexibility for conveniently testing applications in different environments including non-real-time operating systems. MARTe is already being used in several machines, each with its own peculiarities regarding hardware interfacing, supervisory control configuration, operating system and target control application. This paper presents and compares the most recent results of systems using MARTe: the JET Vertical Stabilization system, which uses the Real Time Application Interface (RTAI) operating system on Intel multi-core processors; the COMPASS plasma control system, driven by Linux RT also on Intel multi-core processors; ISTTOK real-time tomography equilibrium reconstruction which shares the same support configuration of COMPASS; JET error field correction coils based on VME, PowerPC and VxWorks; FTU LH reflected power system running on VME, Intel with RTAI.

A new electric wireline through-tubing inflatable bridge plug system has been developed which allows either permanent or retrievable bridge plugs to be run through the tubing string and set in large diameter casing below without the use of a workover rig. The system employs a downhole electric pump to filter and pressurize wellbore fluid for bridge plug inflation. After pressurization, the bridge plug can handle high differential pressures without the aid of sand or cement. The system is conveyed and powered by a conventional electric wireline unit. The paper will discuss development of the system, system components and comparison of design andperformance characteristics with those provided by conventional bridge plug systems. The paper addresses possible savings in costs and time as well as ease of performing well operations when the system is used to accomplish:selective stimulation, including acidizing, fracturing or other chemical treatments;selective water shutoff within a producing zone or the total abandonment of a producing zone, i.e. perform a workover without killing the well. The authors have been instrumental in the development of this system and with its subsequent successful application in Prudhoe Bay. The authors will discuss field history and provide details and insights on operational procedures, applications and system limitations. INTRODUCTION The pursuit of technology to reduce production costs has changed traditional methods of well workover, maintenance, and stimulation. Performing required well service through tubing is now commonplace in several areas around the world. Prior to the advent of through-tubing well operations, any workover or well stimulation meant moving in a workover rig, killing the well and pulling production tubing. The production packer was removed, required work performed and the well recompleted. Before development of the new workover system discussed in this paper, the average operation at Prudhoe Bay, Alaska required about 21 days. In 1987, inflatable packers and plugs that could be run on coiled tubing through the production tubing were introduced in Prudhoe Bay. By eliminating the workover rig and all ancillary operations required by conventional workovers, through-tubing servicing allowed wells to be returned to production in significantly less time. The inflatable packers and bridge plugs had improved expansion characteristics dictated by the rigors of going through tubing and setting in the casing below without sacrificing pressure holding capability. Today, inflatable packers and plugs run on coiled tubing are routinely utilized in Prudhoe Bay to perform selective stimulation and interval shut-offs. Complementing this equipment and evolving through tubing technology even further is a new electric wireline through-tubing inflatable bridge plug system. The new system (Fig. 1) allows, without the use of a workover rig, either permanent or temporary bridge plugs to be run through the tubing string and set in large diameter casing below. The system employs a downhole electric pump system to filter and pressurize wellbore fluid for bridge plug inflation. After setting, the bridge plug is capable of withstanding high differential pressures. The system is conveyed and powered by a conventional electric wireline unit (Fig. 2).

It is expected that multiple radio access standards and systems will coexist in the same environment beyond 3G. The superior re-configurability and re-programmability of software-defined radio (SDR) had made itself become the most promising technology to realize such a flexible radio system. Several research projects have involved in the development of SDR systems, but their efforts mainly focus on hardware design. A software framework that allows users, manufactures or operators to insert, remove, update and configure protocols, applications and hardware modules is also an essential part of a SDR system. Unfortunately, current commercial operating systems (OS) lack of fully supports of SDR features. In this paper, the impacts of SDR on the OS and the extension of the OS for a SDR system are investigated. Moreover, the design and implementation of a software framework based on a commercial on-the-shelf (COTS) OS are also presented.

Problems in the interplay of development and IT operations in system development projects: A Delphi study of Norwegian IT experts

An operational oceanographic system needs to be established for the preservation and management of marine environments and resources, and also to secure the safety and efficiency of marine operations in Korea. One of the major roles of operational oceanography is to deliver ocean science products which can meet the requirements of users such as marine industries, the general public, government agencies, and scientific research communities. Technical issues in relation to development of an effective operational oceanographic system in Korea are identified and discussed. Among others, cooperation among the agencies in ocean, meteorology, hydrology and environment, and also among those of neighboring countries is important for the development of an effective operational oceanographic system. The strategy for building a system that meets the demands of users, with consideration to potential problems, are explored.

System initialization or system generation is the creation of a viable operating system from a collection of individual program modules. For many operating systems the initialization process is a very long and complex procedure. During the development of the MCTS operating system at GMR, an initialization procedure was designed and implemented with simplicity and flexibility as key design goals.The emphasis on simplicity and flexibility was applied in two distinct aspects of the initialization process, The first was simplicity and flexibility of use. A system programmer was given an interactive procedure which allowed him to very easily modify key initialization parameters, The second aspect was the simple and flexible design of the initialization programs. As development of MCTS continued, so did the initialization programs, hence their design was kept simple and flexible to meet the changing requirements of a developing system.This paper describes the design and development of MCTS system initialization procedures beginning with an 'emptyheaded' computer and ending with a semi-automatic system initialization procedure.

The purpose of the work is to analyze, evaluate, and identify the advantages and disadvantages of mobile operating systems. The methodology used in the work, consists in determining the requirements for modern technologies for using mobile operating systems, which includes studying their advantages and disadvantages, investigated through the prism of updated technical and technological requirements for highly effective innovative information technologies, mediated by the development and improvement of technical means of functioning in the most used industries. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the study, analysis, comparison and identification of positive and negative criteria for the design, development and implementation of mobile operating systems as significant levers for ensuring efficiency and optimizing functioning in all industries that require mobility of decision-making in modern conditions. Conclusions. The factors influencing the development trends of mobile operating systems are identified, using the example of the introduction and implementation of iOS 26. The criteria are analyzed and the methods of updating the system in recent years are characterized. The main features of iOS 26 are studied: design, security, and the Apple ecosystem. The features of the updated design were tested and the main characteristics of the updated design were studied, and the quality of the implemented built-in artificial intelligence in the presented updated version was analyzed and assessed. The indisputability of the proposed updated flexible personalization and other elements that deserve analysis are established, and aspects that require further study, expansion, and improvement are identified. Research was conducted on the revolutionary design change of Liquid Glass and the updated operating system version numbering system was studied, and modern accessory security policies were evaluated, namely the control of connected devices in a locked state. Platform unification is being developed: synchronization of the design system between all Apple devices. Based on the criteria-based and phased analysis of the features of IOS26, Based on key security, design, and ecosystem characteristics, key factors have been updated to ensure the development of a methodology for further improving such mobile operating systems. Considered revolutionary design changes: Liquid Glass as the next stage of interface evolution, where it is determined that iOS 26 represents the first radical redesign of the system since iOS 7, based on a single design language of Liquid Glass. The proposed concept fundamentally changes Apple's approach to visual design, combining elements of glass morphism with dynamic effects. It has been found that unifying visual elements across all applications and system components creates a seamless experience across the entire Apple ecosystem, given the fact that the system also automatically adapts the intensity of effects depending on device performance and accessibility settings. The new operating system version numbering system was investigated and fundamental changes in the operating system branding strategy were identified, reflecting a long-term planning strategy for improving the mobile operating system and a focus on the future.

Since 2019 the COVID-19 pandemic has caused huge changes in our lives. The government's health policies restricted everyday life, especially in schools. In the school year 2021/2022 we had to teach smaller groups face-to-face and later in the semester switch to distance learning. This article focuses on the Operating systems course teaching techniques used during the school year 2021/2022. Operating systems are one of the fundamentals needed for the development of complex UAV systems.

This chapter explores the nature of intelligence itself, conceptualizing it as a massive operating system that functions on biological technology as human intelligence (HI), or digital technology as artificial intelligence (AI). Through the lens of biological technology, the operating system contains many different biological individuals, each with an evolved range of dimensional “capabilities” needed to exist in the world environment. The operating system itself can be considered a hyperselfish intelligence (HYPERINT) development system that is relentlessly evolving, and exploitatively optimizing the development of the highest performing technologies within the world environment, regardless of the needs of individuals or a species, in order to ruthlessly maximize its capabilities. This chapter argues that HYPERINT is driving humans towards a situation where AI technologies could rapidly lead to the development of artificial general intelligence (AGI) with super intelligence that vastly exceeds HI and human controllability. Strong global regulation of AI is needed to protect human civilization from the most extreme risks of AI and AGI. In conclusion, the chapter argues that the global community must make a transition out of Industry 4.0, which focuses on progressive total automation of human work, and move towards the goals of Industry 5.0, which are more human-centric and globally sustainable.

NOAA’s National Ocean Service (NOS) applies hydrodynamic models for the development, transition and implementation of operational forecast systems in US estuaries, ports, lakes and the coastal ocean. These models and systems have applications in the support of safe and efficient marine navigation and emergency response, as well as marine geospatial and ecological applications. As part of the forecast system development, skill assessment is required to evaluate each model system. A forecast model has to be ensured that it has been developed and implemented in a scientifically sound and operationally robust way, and its performance should meet or exceed target benchmarks before its products are approved for release to the public.This paper discusses a new approach for the development of standards and procedures for skill assessment of operational forecast systems, which are designed primarily to support marine transportation and emergency response. Accordingly, this skill assessment focuses on variables, statistics and targets that are of the most use to these communities. The components of skill assessment include: data analysis techniques, definition of model run scenarios and statistical variables, and NOS target values and acceptance criteria. In addition, a large suite of skill assessment software has been developed to compute the new skill assessment scores using data files containing modelled variables and observed data. This software ingests model forecasts and observational data, fills in gaps, creates time series, extracts skill-specific parameters, and computes the skill scores. The software has been tested and applied to all NOS operational forecast systems.

As the increasing of system performance and computing power, embedded systems are more complicated and interactive. Therefore, operating system (OS) plays a more important role in embedded systems to utilize various hardware and software resources. However, no OS can meet all requirements of various embedded systems. Due to the advance of reconfigurable processors, system requirements can be more dynamic. Embedded OS has becoming more critical in the development of embedded systems and thus there is a strong need of configurable embedded OS to better and faster build up the target system. In this paper, we propose a configurable OS, called COS, based on SOA (service-oriented architecture) for embedded SoC (system on a chip) systems to build an application specific OS according to the system requirements. COS can be easily configured to better utilize the resources of the target embedded platform and have better support to the embedded application. Moreover, the COS can easily extend new features or functionalities of other OSes and even be adapted to the designs of other OSes. We implement COS on an ARM platform to prove its configurability and also evaluate its overhead. We believe that COS can be configured to meet the various requirements in embedded SoC systems and help to speed up the embedded system development process

This paper discusses the development of an operational assistance system in an overhead traveling crane. In the crane operation, the skill with obstacle collision avoidance, suppression of the load sway, and transferring to the target position in a short time is required. However, it is difficult to acquire the skill in the practical field. Therefore, the operational assistance system for avoiding the obstacles collision and suppressing the load sway is proposed in this paper. The proposed system is realized by the system integration of the environment recognition system and joystick system with reaction force display. And, the load sway can be suppressed by the filtering approach. The effectiveness of the proposed system is verified by the experiments with the laboratory-type overhead traveling crane.

Operational stability is a major concern of vehicle manufacturers, and virtual reality (VR) simulation has been paid much attention in this field. On the other hand, virtual instruments (VI) have also been used widely, but itpsilas limited to 2D applications only. By combining VI and VR, this paper discusses the development of a VR-based vehicle operational stability simulation system, including the configuration and architecture of the simulation system and its geometrical modeling, kinetic modeling and dynamic modeling. Furthermore, development of VR-based instruments is also discussed. Finally an example is given to show the initial effect of this approach, and the result shows that though for the moment itpsilas still not used widely, VR can play a very active and attractive role in the development of vehicle simulation systems and virtual instruments.