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Information seekers are generally on their own to discover and use a research library's growing array of digital collections, and coordination of these collections' development and maintenance is often not optimal. The frequent lack of a conscious design for how collections fit together is of equal concern because it means that research libraries are not making the most of the substantial investments they are making in digital initiatives. This paper proposes a framework for a research library's digital collections that offers integrated discovery and a set of best practices to underpin collection building, federated access, and sustainability. The framework's purpose is to give information seekers a powerful and easy way to search across existing and future collections and to retrieve integrated sets of results. The paper and its recommendations are based upon research undertaken by the author and a team of librarians and technologists at Cornell University Library. The team conducted structured interviews of forty-five library staff members involved in digital collection building at Cornell, studied an inventory of the library's more than fifty digital collections, and evaluated seven existing Open Archives Initiative (OAI) and federated search production or prototype systems. The author will discuss her team's research and the rationale for their recommendations to: present a cohesive view of the library's digital collections for both browsing and searching at the object level; take a programmatic (rather than project-based) approach to digital collection building; require that all new digital collections conform to library-developed and agreed-upon OAI best practices for data providers; and implement organizational structures to sustain the library's digital collections over the long term.

Information seekers are generally on their own to discover and use a research library's growing array of digital collections, and coordination of these collections' development and maintenance is often not optimal. The frequent lack of a conscious design for how collections fit together is of equal concern because it means that research libraries are not making the most of the substantial investments they are making in digital initiatives. This paper proposes a framework for a research library's digital collections that offers integrated discovery and a set of best practices to underpin collection building, federated access, and sustainability. The framework's purpose is to give information seekers a powerful and easy way to search across existing and future collections and to retrieve integrated sets of results. The paper and its recommendations are based upon research undertaken by the author and a team of librarians and technologists at Cornell University Library. The team conducted structured interviews of forty-five library staff members involved in digital collection building at Cornell, studied an inventory of the library's more than fifty digital collections, and evaluated seven existing Open Archives Initiative (OAI) and federated search production or prototype systems. The author will discuss her team's research and the rationale for their recommendations to: present a cohesive view of the library's digital collections for both browsing and searching at the object level; take a programmatic (rather than project-based) approach to digital collection building; require that all new digital collections conform to library-developed and agreed-upon OAI best practices for data providers; and implement organizational structures to sustain the library's digital collections over the long term.

The library has the quality in the service in the collection of the library. Enhancing library service quality is paramount to ensure users derive greater satisfaction and value. The Faculty of Animal Husbandry Library, Universitas Padjadjaran, has special collection in the animal husbandry science can access students, lecturer, and staff. The purposes this research knew the collection quality analysis at the Animal Husbandry Library, Universitas Padjadjaran, with analyse of the physical and digital library collections’ at the Faculty of Animal Husbandry Library, Universitas Padjadjaran. The research method used a descriptive quantitative methodology using a survey with 132 participating respondents. The participants comprised students enrolled in the faculty, represented by every academic year, from incoming students to those in their final year. The study procedure encompassed problem identification, questionnaire design, participant selection, questionnaire distribution, and survey data handling. The collected survey data were analyzed descriptively and graphically displayed for simplicity in data interpretation. The survey questions were categorized into four evaluative themes: collection diversity, collection completeness, collection currentness, and collection condition. The outcomes indicated consistent satisfaction from the respondents regarding the evaluated areas. Several recommendations were proposed regarding the physical collection of rare books in sub-optimal conditions. In conclusion, users express satisfaction with the diversity, completeness, timeliness, and condition of both physical and digital collections in the Animal Husbandry Faculty Library, Universitas Padjadjaran. Regular assessment of user satisfaction is necessary as a roadmap for augmenting the quality of library services.

We present here the research work on data mining technologies for complicated attributes relationship in digital library collections. Firstly our work and ideology is introduced as the research ba ckground of this paper. Digital library evaluation is an important topic in information systems domain. We creatively import data mining technologies into it to get an intelligent decision support. But traditional data prediction algorithm didn't work well. This is the problem which would be solved in this paper. Secondly related preliminary research is introduced. We researched on attributes of digital library collections, proposed a parallel discretization algorithm based on z-score theory, and by the discretization algorithm disc overed a complicated condition attribute relation among attributes, it is the reason why traditional data prediction algorithm didn't wor k well. At last a stratified decision tree algorithm for value prediction about digital collection is put forward as the ultimate solution to solve the problem. Stratified attribute concept is imported in this algorithm. It can expand the selection of splitting attribute in decis ion tree from flat information to stereoscopic information, eliminate the influence of complicated condition attribute relationsh ip, nested use existing decision tree algorithms, and solve the bottleneck of data mining application in digital library evaluation.

Metadata has been proven to play a key role in managing bibliographic data in digital form. The use of metadata contributes to the efficiency of organization of access, search and management of bibliographic data. Through a systematic analysis of the use of metadata in the formation of digital collections, in particular on the example of the description of digital copies of archival documents from the Library's collection of the Manuscripts Department of the NTSh in Lviv, it was established that metadata significantly facilitates access, search, integration and management of digital resources. The analysis of the specifics of the use of metadata in the formation of the Library's digital collections confirms their significance. The scientific novelty of the work consists in the systematic study of the specifics of the application of metadata in this context. The proposed research methodology, which includes the analysis of standards, the development of a metadata scheme, annotation, testing and implementation of metadata, contributes to the improvement of accessibility, organization and structuring of digital collections in the library electronic infrastructure. The article analyzes the role of metadata in solving the problems of digital bibliographic data, such as access, search, integration and data management. A research methodology is proposed, which includes studying existing metadata standards and recommendations, developing a metadata schema, creating annotations for archival documents, performance testing, selecting metadata types, and implementation. This approach made it possible to systematize the process of forming digital collections and improve the accessibility, organization and finding of digital resources in the library's electronic infrastructure.

Although the field of digital libraries is still young, digital library collections have been built around the world and are being deployed on numerous public web sites. But what is a digital library, exactly? In many respects the best way to characterize the notion is by extension, in terms of actual examples, rather than by intension as in a conventional definition. In a very real sense, digital libraries are whatever people choose to call by the term “digital library.”

We use digital library technology to help language learners express themselves by capitalizing on the humangenerated text available on the Web. From a massive collection of n-grams and their occurrence frequencies we extract sequences that begin with the word I, sequences that begin a question, and sequences containing statistically significant collocations. These are preprocessed, filtered, and organized as a digital library collection using the Greenstone software. Users can search the collection to see how particular words are typically used and browse by syntactic class. The digital library is richly interconnected to other resources. It includes links to external vocabularies and thesauri so that users can retrieve words related to any term of interest, and links the collection to the web by locating sample sentences containing these patterns and presenting them to the user. We have conducted an evaluation of how useful the system is in helping students, and the impact it has on their writing. Finally, language activities generated from the digital library content have been designed to help learners master important emotion related vocabulary and expressions. We predict that the application of digital library technology to assist language students will revolutionize second language learning.

Geographic interfaces provide natural, scalable visualizationss for many digital library collections, but the wide range of data in digital libraries presents some particular problems for identifying and disambiguating place names. We describe the toponym-disambiguation system in the Perseus digital library and evaluate its performance. Name categorization varies significantly among different types of documents, but toponym disambiguation performs at a high level of precision and recall with a gazetteer an order of magnitude larger than most other applications.

Providing access to large digital library collections to novice users requires novel interfaces that are not built around the concept of search, as novice users frequently struggle to formulate appropriate queries. This paper presents the Explore the Stacks system, which provides a novel, browsing-focused interface for exploring digital library collections that is applicable to Big Data scale digital libraries. The system is demonstrated using a collection of approximately one million book illustrations provided by the British Library.

ABSTRACTWhen a serendipitous discovery is made while searching within a digital library collection (such as an academic digital library at a university), the searcher has a difficult choice to make: either pursue the serendipitous discovery or set it aside and deal with it later. If they take the first option, this breaks the flow of the primary search activity which may make it difficult to resume. If they take the second option, they may have difficulty re‐finding what they discovered when they are finished with the primary search activity. We have developed a novel search interface that includes topic‐based workspaces and a “read it later” list. Serendipitous discoveries can be easily added to the “read it later” list, allowing the searcher to stay focused on their current search activity knowing that they can easily return to the discovered resource. For each resource saved to the “read it later” list, a textual similarity is calculated against the collection of documents saved in each of the searcher's workspaces. This allows them to easily identify which of their prior search tasks is a best fit for the discovery, as well as an ability to create a new workspace if desired.

Background of the study: In today’s libraries, increasing pressures on managing and visualizing digital collections in an efficient, interactive, and user-centered way continue to challenge the profession. Augmented Reality (AR) holds promise to facilitate spatial navigation, access to collections, and learning experiences in libraries. Purpose: The purpose of this research is to conduct a systematic review of the literature related to AR applications in library digital collections, visualization, and management. Method: Using a Systematized Literature Review (SLR) methodology, articles were found through the Publish or Perish software using Google Scholar as the primary search engine. A total of 100 articles were initially screened, and 36 articles that met predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected for in-depth thematic analysis to uncover emerging patterns and research clusters. Findings: Five main themes were identified: 1) Augmented Reality (AR) for Library Navigation and Orientation, 2) AR for Visualization of Digital Assets: AR is increasingly investigated as a medium for the visualization of digital collections, 3) Integration of AR with Complementary Technologies, 4) Application of AR in Specialized Library Contexts, and 5) AR as a Facilitator of Educational Objectives. The most significant challenges identified include limited infrastructure, difficulties with system integration, and training/education issues for librarians. Conclusion: This review confirms the high potential for AR to improve user engagement, facilitate information connectivity, and enhance educational functions within libraries. However, the success of AR relies on broadband infrastructure, open content, and partnerships across community sectors, with implications for both theory and the development of immersive services.

PurposeThis paper aims to describe a study of the queries generated from a user experiment for cross‐language information retrieval (CLIR) from a historic image archive.Design/methodology/approachA controlled lab‐based user study was carried out using a prototype Italian‐English image retrieval system. Participants were asked to carry out searches for 16 images provided to them, a known‐item search task. Italian speaking users generated 618 queries for a set of known‐item search tasks. User's interactions with the system were recorded and queries were analysed manually quantitatively and qualitatively. The queries generated by user's interaction with the system were analysed and the results used to suggest recommendations for the future development of cross‐language retrieval systems for digital image libraries.FindingsResults highlight the diversity in requests for similar visual content and the weaknesses of machine translation for query translation. Through the manual translation of queries the authors show the benefits of using high‐quality translation resources. The results show the individual characteristics of users while performing known‐item searches and the overlap obtained between query terms and structured image captions, highlighting the use of user's search terms for objects within the foreground of an image.Research limitations/implicationsThis research looks in depth into one case of interaction and one image repository. Despite this limitation, the discussed results are likely to be valid across other languages and image repositories.Practical implicationsTo develop effective systems requires studying user's search behaviours, particularly in digital image libraries.Originality/valueThe growing quantity of digital visual material in digital libraries offers the potential to apply techniques from CLIR to provide cross‐language information access services. The value of this paper is in the provision of empirical evidence to support recommendations for effective cross‐language image retrieval system design.

Abstract: The children's book collections of the JCS University Library's Digital Collections are a collection of retro-digitized children's books from four historical, self-contained collections (Benjamin, Hobrecker, Rümann, von der Marwitz). The data set has a total size of around 2.6 TB and comprises around 260,000 pages in around 800 already-published volumes. The publication period of the published volumes ranges from the late seventeenth century to the early twentieth century, containing original language in English, French, and German. The images can be downloaded as jpeg files or PDF; metadata are available via IIIF or as METS/MODS (OAI-PMH Interface). The data set is scheduled for long-term archiving. The files are published under the Public Domain Mark 1.0 and thus can be used freely.

INTRODUCTION Library digital collections have historically contained unstandardized and often inadequate information regarding copyright status in the item-level metadata. The development of RightsStatements.org, international recommendations for describing rights status, provides an opportunity for libraries to improve their rights metadata and educate users about copyright for digital objects. DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM This paper reports on a two-year project at the University of Miami Libraries to implement RightsStatements.org. Two librarians, who did not previously have a background in copyright issues, performed a copyright analysis of all 58,000 objects in the libraries' digital collections and developed workflows for updating rights metadata. Workflows for developing new digital projects were also updated to incorporate rights considerations more comprehensively throughout the process. CONCLUSIONS AND NEXT STEPS The copyright assessment project uncovered several challenges for analyzing the copyright status of digitized archival and special collections materials, including the need to periodically reevaluate materials as more content moves into the public domain in the United States. The project also reinforced the importance of risk management when planning digitization projects for online access. Project outcomes are discussed, as well as implications for other libraries considering implementing RightsStatements.org.

Research on the role of users of Digital Libraries is new and so far only a few articles address the importance of collaboration among Digital Library users. Personal Digital Libraries have a significant role to play not only in terms of Personal Information Management but also as a way to support collaboration and knowledge sharing between their users. In this study we refer to collaboration, personalization and social network as three important services of Personal Digital Library. The research starts with the definition of each service; then we analyze them in six Personal Digital Libraries. Consecutively we address the lack of collaboration between research students and we refer to them as holders of a large amount of articles. We thus propose the use of Web Based Personal Digital Library as a collaborative support tool for research students where they can store e-articles in their personal space and would be able to share them and collaborate with other students with similar research interests.