Named Data Networking for Efficient IoT-based Disaster Management in a Smart Campus

The project is about to implement Internet of Things (IoT) technology in Railways. Goal is to constitute a secure IoT system by using Information Centric Networking (ICN) architecture to comprehend the key requirements of IoT system. The proposed system is based on ICN architecture. ICN is the architecture which supports multicast, mobility and security. Mobility is the necessity here in the proposed IoT system in railways. System contains passenger information which should remain secure. Hence, ICN architecture is used as a base for IoT system in railways. The Internet of Things (IoT) based system is for catering passengers' services and requests in long journey railways. The system is to collect requests from passengers from each coach, track the location of crew members within train and allocate them requests from passengers. This allocation of the requests to the crew members takes place depending on the service arrival time, location information and workload factor of crew member. As proposed project is based on ICN architecture, it will use secure device discovery concept to make system more secure.

This article describes how the named data networking (NDN) has recently received a lot of attention as a potential information-centric networking (ICN) architecture for the future Internet. The NDN paradigm has a great potential to efficiently address and solve the current seminal IP-based IoT architecture issues and requirements. NDN can be used with different sets of caching algorithms and caching replacement policies. The authors investigate the most suitable combination of these two features to be implemented in an IoT environment. For this purpose, the authors first reviewed the current research and development progress in ICN, then they conduct a qualitative comparative study of the relevant ICN proposals and discuss the suitability of the NDN as a promising architecture for IoT. Finally, they evaluate the performance of NDN in an IoT environment with different caching algorithms and replacement policies. The obtained results show that the consumer-cache caching algorithm used with the Random Replacement (RR) policy significantly improve NDN content validity in an IoT environment.

Information-Centric Networking (ICN) is a paradigm shift from host-to-host Internet Protocol (IP)-based communication to content-based communication. In ICN, the content-retrieval process employs names that are given through different naming schemes such as hierarchical, flat, attribute, and hybrid. Among different ICN architectures, Named-Data Networking (NDN) has gained much interest in the research community and is actively being explored for the Internet of Things (IoT) and sensor networks, and follows a hierarchical naming format. NDN protocol follows a pull-based communication model where the content consumer gets content irrespective of the location of the content provider. The content provider in NDN and sensor networks can be considered to be a distributed database that monitors or controls the environment and caches the sensed data or controls information into their memory. The proposed Name-INtegrated Query (NINQ) framework for NDN-based IoT provides a flexible, expressive, and secure query mechanism that supports content retrieval as well as control and configuration command exchange among various nodes in a smart building. Different use cases are presented in this paper that expand on the behavior of proposed query framework in different scenarios. Simulation results of data collection and exchange of control commands show that proposed query framework significantly improves Interest Satisfaction Rate (ISR), Command Satisfaction Rate (CSR), energy efficiency, and average delay. Moreover, it is evident from the simulation results that proposed query framework significantly reduces the number of transmissions in the network in both data collection and exchange of control command scenarios, which improves the network performance.

A Lightweight Forwarding Strategy for Named Data Networking in Low-end IoT

Information Centric Network (ICN) is a promising future networking architecture, while Named Data Networking (NDN) is regarded as ICN’s representative and authoritative scheme. In the recent past, applying ICN/NDN concept in mobile ad-hoc network (MANET), i.e. Named Data Mobile Ad-hoc Network (NDMANET), has attracted a plenty of research efforts. Compared to legacy IP protocol, NDN scheme is considered to be more robust and profitable to the node mobility and the dynamically changed topologies in the MANET domain. This paper focuses on NDMANET’s packet forwarding protocols, which to a large extent decides the efficiency of data dissemination and is a vital module of NDMANET. Firstly, the paper investigates and analyzes some existing packet forwarding protocols, which are widely accepted in NDMANET. On that basis, an innovative distance-aware data forwarding (DDF) protocol is elaborated for NDMANET, with the purpose of further enhancing its network performance. Comprehensive simulation experiments have been conducted and the results illustrate that the proposed DDF protocol can introduce considerable reduction in bandwidth and in energy consumption, with only slightly degrading the response ratio.

A trust management scheme to secure mobile information centric networks

Information Centric Networks (ICN) has emerged as a new Internet paradigm where the users are being provided seamless access to contents rather than the host as in classical approach. For ICN realization, the current Internet requires architectural changes. These changes must be incorporated such that existing applications continue running without any difficulties. In this paper, we introduce a novel ICN architecture, called Overlay Information Centric Networks (O-ICN), which separates the data plane from the control plane activities of the network. Unlike the usual ICN architectures, in our approach naming and routing (control plane) functionalities have been segregated from the caching (data plane) functionality at each ICN router. We introduce a new module called an ICN Manager which is an extended version of Domain Name System (DNS) server and performs name resolution along with routing functionalities for ICN type of requests as well as the normal DNS resolution for non-ICN type of requests. The O-ICN architecture can be deployed incrementally over the current Internet and can operate both as ICN and non-ICN/legacy network simultaneously. This can also be implemented both in Software Defined Networks (SDN) as well as non-SDN networks without much modifications. The proposed architecture provides benefits in terms of simplification of network management, vendor independent solution, better use of network resources in terms of bandwidth and delay, and reduction of deployment/operational cost of the network.

The Internet Protocol (IP) architecture could not fully satisfy Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) needed efficiency due to their dynamic topology and high mobility. This paper presents a technique to update the software of Electronic Control Units (ECUs) in vehicles using Information Centric Network (ICN) architecture. The proposed technique replaces Flashing Over The Air (FOTA) using IP with FOTA using ICN. The importance of FOTA is illustrated as well as the impact of applying the ICN architecture on VANETs. Through our experiments, we compare between the known FOTA over IP and the newly introduced FOTA technique over ICN.KeywordsFlashing Over The Air (FOTA)Information Centric Networking (ICN)ndnSIMVehicle software updateVehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs).

As a leading architecture of Information-Centric Networking (ICN), Named Data Networking (NDN) plays an important role in the future network construction. NDN retrieves and identifies a data packet according to the packet's name instead of its IP address. Conventional protocols of TCP/IP Internet are unsuitable for NDN. Therefore, Named-data Link State Routing protocol (NLSR) is proposed as an intra-domain routing protocol for NDN. Although NLSR applies a five-layer trust model to guarantee its data security, there are still a lot of security issues in its data access mechanism, such as the fake and leakage of data. In this paper, we apply Communicating Sequential Processes (CSP) to formalize this mechanism. Using Process Analysis Toolkit (PAT), we verify four properties, including deadlock freedom, data availability, data security and data decryption. According to the verification results, the trust model cannot protect the data from fake and leakage once intruders appear. We adopt a method similar to digital signature in the first improved model. However, the process of obtaining keys still needs to be executed multiple times during the verification of a data packet. To further accelerate the key fetching and verification process, all the keys, needed to validate a data packet, are packaged in a special packet of the second improvement.

International audience

Content providers (i.e., entities that own or are licensed to sell or distribute content e.g., BBC, Netflix) are looking for more efficient, secure, cheaper, accountable and scalable mechanisms for the delivery of content to end-users. The Information Centric Networking (ICN) paradigm offers solutions to some of these challenges by decoupling a user's trust in content from where it is obtained by enabling the content to self-verify (i.e., the user can establish integrity, trust and provenance in content received from trusted or untrusted infrastructure). However, there are still associated challenges with using ICN architectures related to content feedback and accountability. In this paper, we propose an ICN architecture extension for content feedback and accountability called the Savant framework, which we apply to the Named Data Networking (NDN) architecture.

Named Data Networking (NDN) presents strong bandwidth benefits on edge networks because its in-network caching design is probably fit for popularity and locality. However, separate NDN edge regions cannot be efficiently connected over IP backbone world, slowing down the deployment of NDN edges. Due to the difference of stateful NDN and stateless IP in forwarding principles, the coexistence of two protocols is difficult and challenging in the network layer. In this paper, we propose iGate, an NDN gateway design for tunneling over IP world, to bridge two kinds of protocols in the same layer. iGate translates protocols between stateful NDN and stateless IP by two temporary tables. It considers many factors about gateway efficiency, like table tunning, minimal NDN integration, TCP/UDP alternatives. We evaluate the performance of iGate with a real implementation on Linux and the results show that it can achieve more than 85.03% translation efficiency and less than 29% protocol conversion delay compared with IP VPN which uses the typical tunneling technology over IP network. Our work presents a practical and highly-efficient solution to assemble NDN edges into IP world, and can be applied to other similar Information-Centric Networking (ICN) designs.

Information-Centric Networking (ICN) is a new communication paradigm that replaces the host addresses by the name of content; Named Data Networking (NDN) is a promising ICN architecture that has attracted research attention in recent years. NDN is a receiver-driven architecture implements pull-based communication in the form of one-interest-one-data. This model poses different challenges, especially from the transport layer perspective. In contact to IP-based networks where the congestion is handled in an end-to-end manner, NDN cannot apply the same concept, while most of the existing solutions are based on hop-by-hop connection. In this paper, we present a new congestion control mechanism for NDN based on link quality estimation. We focus our efforts to provide fast data transmission, decrease packet dropping rate, and maximize the link utilization. The simulation results show that our solution outperforms the NDN schemes in terms of throughput and drop packets.

As an important infrastructure of the current Internet, the Domain Name System (DNS) universally supports most of Internet applications. The DNS is established on top of Internet Protocol (IP) to provide an addressing of Internet resources. However, the IP based current Internet communication model is considered as inappropriate for supporting an explosive increase of Internet devices and contents in the Future Internet. To address the communication model issue, Named Data Networking (NDN) has been proposed that allows a consumer only cares about what he wants but not where the content is. Although NDN designs an ideal communication model for the content-intensive Future Internet, it assumes a clean-slate deployment, which would take a long time for deployment. The coexistence of the NDN paradigm and the current Internet is thus expected. In this vein, we propose a new scheme that utilizes current DNS protocols for content naming and addressing in a NDN environment. The proposed scheme helps to accelerate the NDN evolution while providing a means of utilizing the DNS for scalable and secure NDN.

Research in Information-Centric Networking (ICN) and Named Data Networking (NDN) has produced many protocol designs and software prototypes, but they need to be validated and evaluated by real usage on the Internet, which is also critical to the realization of the ICN/NDN vision in the long run. This article presents the first Internet-scale adaptive video streaming service over NDN, which allows regular users to watch videos using NDN technology with no software installation or manual configuration. Since mid-2019, the official NDN website [1] has started using our service to deliver its videos to Internet users over the global NDN testbed, showcasing the feasibility of NDN. We conduct real-world experiments on the NDN testbed to validate the proper implementation of the client, network, and server sides of the proposed system and also evaluate the performance of our video streaming service.