Novel compact multi-frequency microstrip patch antenna

The characteristics of a small antenna using an H-shaped microstrip patch antenna is analyzed. Significant reduction of antenna size can be realized when the H-shaped patch is used instead of the conventional rectangular microstrip patch antenna. The effect of various antenna parameters like substrate height, radius of shorting post and feed point are analyzed and their effect on return loss is shown.

Due to its low profile, the microstrip antenna has found many applications in personal communication systems. And, owing to the miniaturization of communication equipment, designs for reducing the size of the microstrip antenna have received much attention. One of the effective ways to reduce the patch size of the microstrip antenna is to introduce a shorting pin at the edge of the patch. Based on this technique, several novel designs of the compact microstrip antennas are described. The antenna size can be reduced to less than 50% of the size of a conventional microstrip antenna. By incorporating the meandering of the patch, the electrical length of the patch can be further increased. The characteristics of such compact microstrip antennas are experimentally studied. Comparisons between the compact and conventional microstrip patch antennas are also given.

This paper presents the design and simulation of 30°-30°-120° triangular microstrip patch antenna miniaturization using shorting pin for S-band frequency operation. The analysis of miniaturized triangular microstrip antenna with shorting pin is performed by Ansys HFSS based simulation results. The conventional and compact triangular microstrip patch antenna shows the resonant frequency at 2.2 GHz and 2.4 GHz with gain of 1.2 dB and 1.7 dB respectively. Here the conventional triangular microstrip patch antenna area is miniaturized upto 31% through the shorting pin. The comparison between the conventional and compact triangular microstrip patch antenna are presented and discussed in this paper. The proposed compact triangular microstrip patch antenna is often suitable for integration with Bluetooth and WLAN devices with reduced design complexity.

A reduced-size wideband single-feed circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna is presented for telemetry applications in S-band around 2.4 GHz. In this paper we compare the performance of microstrip patch antenna designed over two layer conventional substrate with different relative permittivity and different height and over a Reactive Impedance Substrate with slot, both of them being constituted with the same substrate layers. In particular we optimize the feeding position and number of reactive elements upon the antenna bandwidth and axial ratio. The proposed structure consists of a slot-loaded patch antenna printed over an optimized metamaterial-inspired reactive impedance substrate (RIS). We demonstrate, step by step, the main role of each antenna element by comparing numerically the performance of various antenna configurations, antenna over a single layer substrate or dual-layer substrate, patch without slot or slot-loaded patch, antenna with or without RIS. The final optimized structure exhibits an axial-ratio bandwidth of about 15% and an impedance bandwidth better than 10%, which is much wider than the conventional printed antenna on the same materials. The return loss pattern of different microstrip patch antenna with and without RIS arrangement is also compared using HFSS simulation software.

A simple dual-band antenna design and implementation method is proposed in this work, based on the equivalent media properties inspired by resonant metamaterial elements. The equivalent circuit model of dual-band patch antennas based on a complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) is presented and validated. The dual-band patch antenna is designed etching a CSRR in the patch of a conventional rectangular microstrip patch antenna. The first resonance is governed by the quasi-static resonance of the CSRR while the second resonance is originated by the rectangular patch. The fact of etching a CSRR on a rectangular patch antenna also produces a miniaturization of a conventional patch antenna. The equivalent circuit model proposed in this letter is sound in order to understand the functionality of dual-band patch antennas based on a CSRR. Good agreement between simulation, equivalent circuit model and experimental results is shown and discussed. These results lead the equivalent circuit model to become a simple and straightforward tool for the design of this type of multiband antennas, of low cost and versatile operation for a broad range of wireless communication systems.

The main objective this work is to design and simulate different shaped (S, E, C and Combined S-E-C) compact and planar micro-strip patch antenna (MPA) array for multiband wireless applications. The proposed antennas have been designed and simulated using advanced design system (ADS). Each single element antenna has dimension of 40×30 mm2 and each array consists of corresponding three or four same dimensional single elements. Micro-strip line feed technique and dielectric substrate named quartz having dielectric constant of 4.2, tangent loss of 0.0013 & height of 1.6 mm have been considered in the proposed antennas. The results have been analyzed in terms of return loss, bandwidth, directivity, gain & radiation efficiency and finally compared with literature review.

In this paper, metamaterial superstrate is proposed to enhance the performance parameters of conventional rectangular microstrip patch antenna. The metamaterial is designed using proposed diagonally connected square split ring resonator (DC SSRR). The designed DCS SRR shows the negative values of refractive index for broadband frequency band, 5.0 GHz to 12 GHz. Use of metamaterial superstrate on conventional rectangular microstrip antenna improves the return loss by 18 dB and enhances the gain, bandwidth and radiation efficiency by 1.2 dBi, 28 MHz and 17.5% respectively. The permittivity, permeability and refractive index of metamaterial are numerically computed using MATLAB. All performance parameters of antenna and S-parameters of DC SSRR are obtained using commercially available full wave electromagnetic simulator HFSS based on finite element method and verified by measured results. Good agreement is found between simulated and measured results.

In this paper a novel planar antenna is proposed for 5.2GHz band application. The area of designed antenna has been reduced by 52% in comparison to a conventional rectangular microstrip patch antenna. The antenna has three vertical stripes and one horizontal stripe. The length and width of these stripes are varied to tune the antenna for a certain operating frequency. The antenna is fed by using a 50 ohm microstrip line connected at the center of horizontal stripe. The fabricated antenna has return loss of 22dB at 5.27GHz and impedance bandwidth of 120MHz. A parametric study has been carried out to analyze and to find the design sensitive parameters.

RFID Tags, typically, require ultra-small antennas and at 900 MHz most of the designs end up being meandered line wire antennas. These may not be suitable because such antennas are heavily influenced by the object on which they are placed. An antenna with a ground plane, such as a microstrip antenna, is a more suitable candidate in that scenario, however, typically micrsotrip patch antennas are large in size. In this paper, we introduce a highly miniaturized microstrip antenna with multiple slots and a superstrate with high-permittivity material. The size of the microstrip antenna at 900MHz is reduced by 87.5% as compared to a conventional rectangular microstrip patch antenna at 900MHz. The gain of the miniaturized antenna is 0.36dBi, achieving 40% efficiency, which is decent enough for short to medium range RFID applications.

In this paper, the characteristics of a small antenna using an H-shaped microstrip patch are studied. Significant reduction of antenna size can be realized when the H-shaped patch is used instead of the conventional rectangular microstrip patch antenna. The theoretical analysis is carried out based on the finite-difference time- domain (FDTD) method. The FDTD programs are developed and validated by available measurement results. The effects of various antenna parameters on the resonant frequency and radiation patterns are shown. Several design curves are presented, which are useful for practical antenna design. The electric current distributions on the patch and those on the ground plane are described, together with the results illustrating the electric field distributions under the patch. This antenna is suitable for applications where small size and broad beamwidth are required.

A compact dual-frequency dual-band square microstrip patch antenna using square loop slots on the patch and a rectangular slot on finite ground plane have been designed and presented in this paper. The total size of the designed antenna is very small which is only \( 15 \times 15\,{\text{mm}}^{2} \). The proposed fabricated antenna resonates at 1.8 and 5.5 GHz which belong to L and C band. Almost 93% compactness has been achieved with respect to the conventional microstrip antenna resonating at 1.8 GHz. The designed antenna may be suitable for GSM 1800 and HiperLAN-2 applications.

Microstrip patch antennas are mostly due to their versatility in terms of possible geometries that makes them applicable for many different situations. The lightweight construction and the suitability for integration with microwave integrated circuits are two more of their numerous advantages. A single layer, single feed compact slotted patch antenna is thoroughly simulated in this paper. The aim of this work is to design and to implement a microstrip patch antenna array that meets the requirements of a microwave communications system. Resonant frequency has been reduced drastically by cutting `Two hexagonal and a circular' like shape slots from the conventional microstrip patch antenna. For the design of the antenna, simulation tool software IE3D, based on the Method of Moments (MoM) was used. After simulating and optimizing a single element proposed antenna that achieved satisfactory measurement results with also size has been reduced by 80.22% when compared to a Conventional microstrip patch antenna.

This paper presents a compact split ring resonator metamaterial-embedded rectangular microstrip patch antenna. The inset-fed rectangular microstrip patch antenna (RMPA) resonates at 5.29 GHz frequency with return loss −12.108 dB is designed with applications in wireless communication. After then, RMPA is embedded with metamaterial split ring resonator. This metamaterial structure gives reduced resonant frequency and improved bandwidth along with good impedance matching. This technique also provides 27% reduction in size of RMPA. The proposed antenna is simulated using HFSS software, the prototype antenna has been fabricated and results are measured.

A compact feed poly line slotted rectangular microstrip patch antenna with defected ground surface has been proposed in this paper for the wireless LANs, Bluetooth, and WiFi applications. The patch is designed based on a polyline slot and with defected ground structure. The simulated and fabricated models of demonstrated antenna exhibit better return loss, bandwidth, acceptable gain, and other antenna parameters over the required frequency range and the central frequency of 2.4 GHz is a worldwide free spectrum ISM band. The proposed antenna is fabricated using a highly sensitive PCB technique, and fabricated antenna parameters have been achieved compared to simulated results. The simulated and fabricated results conclude less than 3% error among them and owing to the proposed method, miniaturization of antenna achieved with a gain of 5 dB.

Objectives: To design new multiband antennas based on slotted rectangular patch antenna moisture sensor with comparative results to each other. The moisture sensors is compact size, easy design, low cost and have high quality responses which can be applied for determination of soil moisture measurement. A frequency reconfigurable antenna is presented with operating frequency between 2GHz to 5GHz. Methods/Statistical Analysis: A reconfigurable microstrip patch sensor is designed by using a slotted rectangular patch antenna for determination of soil moisture measurement. The length and width of the ground and patch is 30mm and 25mm as well as three slotted on the patch for accuracy. It is designed on FR-4 substrate with a relative dielectric constant 4.4 and thickness 1.6mm which is simulated by CST software as well as gets the magnitude and phase of modified design. Findings: The proposed antenna exhibits multi-frequency behavior. The modified antenna is capable for measuring the moisture between 2GHz to 5GHz. At these frequencies slotted rectangular patch antenna moisture sensor produces return loss 25dBi and capable for measure the moisture in soil with accuracy. When the resonant frequency is decreased with increase the moisture level. It will be designed for measuring the accuracy with a less time as well as triple resonant frequencies. The moisture content can be minimum and maximum at different frequencies and that can be considered for the better implementation of the approach by using the vector network analyzer. Applications/Improvements: In this paper a compact frequency reconfigurable microstrip patch antenna as a moisture sensor is presented with good return loss as well as resonant frequency for measuring the moisture in soil with accuracy as compare with the conventional one.