PHP Frameworks Usability in Web Application Development

Problem. Under ever-increasing competition in the field of project services, each project organization looks for the ways for improving production efficiency and quality of the products, as well as reducing project time. The solution of these problems is closely connected with the application and development of information technologies used in the project organization. Today, the complexity of the programs has increased so much that it makes no sense to write code for everything from scratch. PHP-frameworks accelerate the development process; help to write structured, reusable code; make it easy to scale projects. A choice of an effective PHP-framework is an important task. Goal. The goal is to increase the efficiency and reliability of project organization management by developing a project organization information system using an effective PHP-framework. Methodology . The methods and principles of fuzzy mathematics are used. Decision-making methods in the conditions of fuzzy input data were used to develop a model for choosing a PHP-framework for informatization of the project organization. Results. The paper analyzes the problem of choosing PHP-frameworks for web application development. For the first time, a model for choosing PHP-frameworks has been developed, which, unlike existing ones, allows taking into account fuzzy information and making the choice more objective. An example of the choice of PHP frameworks is given, which proved the efficiency and feasibility of using the developed model. Further research will be focused on the practical implementation of the model in the form of a program-methodological complex. Originality . The developed model allows choosing a PHP-framework in the conditions of fuzzy information about the preferences of the web application developer. Practical value. The use of the proposed model for choosing a PHP-framework in order to develop a web application for informatization of a project organization will increase its reliability and reduce the time of a web application development.

En este trabajo se analizan los framework PHP de código abierto basados en el patrón de diseño Modelo-Vista-Controlador (MVC) a través de cuadros comparativos, que permiten a los desarrolladores crear sus aplicaciones web sin necesidad de codificar desde cero, ya que cuentan con herramientas integradas y bibliotecas que facilitan las operaciones CRUD (creación, lectura, actualización y eliminación), organización del código, facilidad de mantenimiento, seguridad ante ataques de inyección SQL y otras amenazas. Se describen las características, especificaciones técnicas, componentes de los frameworks considerados los más comunes como son: Laravel, Symfony, CodeIgniter, Zend, CakePHP, Yii, que ayudan a reducir el tiempo en el proceso de desarrollo empleando buenas prácticas de programación. Para el estudio se aplicó el método analítico-sintético para identificar los frameworks que permitan diseñar e implementar web dinámicas, robustas y seguras facilitando la corrección de errores. Los resultados brindan un insumo a los programadores e ingenieros de software que están incursionando en los frameworks PHP donde puedan analizar las bondades que tiene cada uno, elegir el más completo según su funcionalidad, ventajas y desventajas al momento de desarrollar sus proyectos web.

This research aims to compare and apply the Analysis of Hierarchical Process (AHP) and Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) methods in a Decision Support System (SKS) to select the optimal PHP framework for business website development. AHP is used to evaluate relevant criteria in selecting a framework, such as performance, security, scalability, and community support. On the other hand, SAW is used to assign weights to each criterion and calculate the relative value of each PHP framework alternative. This research compares the two methods in the context of selecting a suitable PHP framework for business website development. The assessment is conducted using data from practical experience and mathematical analysis to assess the performance and advantages and disadvantages of each method. Hopefully, this comparison can provide a deeper understanding of the optimal use of AHP and SAW in selecting a PHP framework. The implementation of this SDM is expected to help developers and business owners to choose the optimal PHP framework according to their preferences and project needs. The advantage of this approach is its ability to reduce uncertainty in decision making and provide a better understanding of the preferences underlying the PHP framework selection process

Dynamic web pages composed of inter-woven (tangled) source code written in multiple programming languages (e.g., HTML, PHP, JavaScript, CSS) makes it difficult to analyze and manage clones in web applications. Despite more than a decade of research on software clones, there are not many studies towards the investigation of code clones in web applications. In this paper, we present an in-depth study on the patterns (i.e., forking and templating) of exact and near-miss code clones in two industrial dynamic web applications having distinct architecture. The findings of our study confirm the believed patterns for cloning and suggest that specialized techniques and tool support are necessary for effectively managing clones in the tangled source code of dynamic web applications.

In the development and design of Web application, the choice of framework development is very important. A good framework development can speed up the development of Web application, reduce development costs and the workload of developers. Meanwhile, Web application has good expansibility and portability. The framework based on SpringMVC + Spring + Mybatis (SSM) has good performance and rapid development efficiency, gradually becoming a mainstream development framework of Web application.

Web application development from simple web pages to complex interactive platforms (including social networks, e-commerce systems, corporate portals) requires new approaches, tools and technologies. JavaScript libraries and frameworks play a special role in developing web applications, simplifying the creation of effective, scalable, and convenient interfaces. The purpose of the article is to research the problems and prospects of using React in combination with Redux when creating web applications with a complex structure, to assess the advantages of their joint use in comparison with similar tools and to develop the web application “FarmerProducts”. The research methodology consists of the main methodological approaches and technological tools for developing web applications. Such methods, in particular, are: system and comparative analysis – to identify the features of creating web applications; method of expert assessments, which involves the study of literary sources and information resources, conducting interviews and surveys of experts, as well as the processes of developing and testing scalable and high-performance web applications based on the use of React and Redux. The scientific novelty of the research is the analysis of modern tools (React, Angular, Vue. js) for developing web applications, identifying problems and prospects for their use, creating an author’s web application (using React and Redux), which includes an intuitive interface, a flexible database, simplifying the process of working with the application by using a stack of modern technologies. Conclusions. The paper analyses the problems and prospects of using modern web application development tools; focuses on React, which is suitable for different projects; conducts a comparative analysis of React with Angular, Vue. js and Svelte, identifies their main characteristics, advantages, disadvantages; demonstrates the dependence of the choice of tools on the project context (React in combination with Redux can provide an optimal balance between performance, flexibility and scalability); describes the author’s web application – the FarmerProducts online store; identifies further ways to improve this web application.

PHP frameworks are widely used in web application development because they speed up the coding process and simplify application management. Among the popular frameworks, CodeIgniter and Laravel are often the top choices. This study aims to compare the performance of the two frameworks through literature studies from various relevant sources. The method used is a literature study of previous references, which is analyzed based on five main aspects: basic performance, ease of development, database management, security, and features and scalability. Data was obtained from official documentation, benchmark results, and scientific publications that discuss both frameworks. The analysis results show that CodeIgniter excels in execution speed and simplicity and is suitable for lightweight applications and novice developers. On the other hand, Laravel stands out for its modern features, complex database management, and more integrated security systems, making it better suited for large-scale and complex applications. The conclusion of this study shows that the selection of a framework should be adjusted to the needs of the project, the complexity of the system, and the development team's ability. This research is expected to guide developers in determining the right framework choice and encouraging further study based on direct experimental tests for more applicable results.

The Model–View–Controller (MVC) design pattern is widely used in web development and ERP to separate data layer, presentation layer, and user interaction concerns. In recent years there have been many PHP frameworks available for web developers to choose from right one. Developers face difficulty in choosing the relevant frameworks and appropriate support functions with libraries to include in their projects. For this reason, a clear understanding of the various frameworks is now becoming an important requirement for web developers. In this paper, we studied several research papers talking about different PHP frameworks, and we compared them with each other for result. In PHP, there are several MVC frameworks available that provide a structured approach to developing web applications. The purpose of this research paper is to explore and review some of the popular MVC frameworks for web development in PHP.

(ProQuest: ... denotes formulae omitted.)1 Research Premises and HypothesisMaintenance costs have a consistent weight in the total costs generated by an application during its entire lifecycle. Previously conducted research and studies that focus on software maintenance support this claim. In [2], the 60/60 rule of software is depicted. The rule claims that maintenance accounts for 60% of the total costs generated by a software in its entire lifecycle. Enhancement or perfective [3] maintenance tasks account for 60% of all the costs generated by maintenance [2], whereas error correction or corrective [3] maintenance tasks account only for 17% of total maintenance costs [2]. In [4] it's stated that software applications evolve over time to meet the changing needs which leads to maintenance generating 67% of the applications total lifecycle costs. In [5] it is argued that maintenance typically accounts for 75% or more of the total software workload. Other relevant research place maintenance costs at 90% [6], 75% [7], 90% [8] or at 60% to 70% [9] of the overall application's lifecycle cost. It is therefore of paramount importance to accurately estimate maintenance cost before implementing a software project in order to better comprehend the total costs associated with developing and owing a software application. Better understanding maintenance costs will provide valuable information regarding resource planning and the appropriate time to decommission the application.The cost of maintenance is directly determined by the number of people involved in the maintenance process and the number of hours each person invests in the maintenance tasks. Thus in order to estimate maintenance cost one needs to estimate the effort invested in the maintenance process. The maintenance effort is expressed in man-hours which entails the number of ours dedicated by the maintenance team to implementing maintenance tasks. Maintenance in web applications has two main components: content maintenance and technical maintenance.Content maintenance requires performing tasks of a non-technical nature like updating product inventory and information, adding news or articles, managing blog posts, updating contact or brand and visual identity information and moderating user comments or messages. Content maintenance team staffing and therefore content maintenance effort is determined by the web application's size [1].According to [1] and as presented in Table 1, content maintenance cost is determined by the number of hours required to keep the web application up to date in terms of content. The larger the application the more hours need to be invested in keeping it up to date in terms of content. The more content changes in an application the more technical maintenance tasks are generated. Technical maintenance tasks are generated because content managers spot bugs or request new functionality to help keep the content up to date. Therefore, content update frequency is a factor that impacts maintenance effort and cost.Technical maintenance requires adding new functionality, performing regular back-ups, monitoring website outages, checking IP reputation, checking DNS configuration, test website speed, check for broken links, perform software updates if third party software was used when developing the web application, monitor traffic statistics and review search engine indexing.According to [1] and as presented in Table 2, technical team stuffing is determined by the level of complexity built into the web application. Thus, a Basic web application which is characterized by static content build mainly using front-end technologies like HTML, CSS and JavaScript will require no more than 1 person to perform maintenance tasks. A Dynamic web application which stores its content in a database and has functionality which is powered by PHP, Java, ASP.NET, Python, Ruby or any other high-level programming language will require 1 to 2 persons to perform maintenance tasks. …

The article explores in detail the methodologies for developing web applications for medical clinics using the popular React library. The main goal of this study is the analysis of modern approaches to the creation of web applications that meet the specific requirements of medical institutions. Particular attention is paid to the functional and non-functional characteristics that are critical to such systems, including data security, user experience, integration with existing systems, and compliance with regulatory standards. First of all, a comprehensive analysis of the requirements of medical clinics for web applications was carried out. Data security is one of the most important aspects as healthcare institutions work with sensitive information. The study examines methods for ensuring the confidentiality and integrity of medical data, including compliance with HIPAA and GDPR standards. React makes it easy to integrate modern security tools such as JWT (JSON Web Tokens) for authentication and authorization, and use secure HTTP connections for data transfer. In addition, special attention is paid to the user experience (UX/UI), which should ensure the convenience and efficiency of using the web application by both medical personnel and patients. React allows you to create dynamic and interactive interfaces that can adapt to different devices and screens, thus providing a high-quality user experience. This is especially important for medical applications, where the accuracy and speed of interaction can affect the quality of healthcare delivery. A detailed description of best practices and approaches to web application development using React is provided. A component architecture is considered, which provides modularity and code reuse, which is a key factor in creating scalable and easily maintainable applications. Different methods of state management in the application, such as the use of Context API and Redux, have been explored, which allows for efficient data management and stable operation of the application. Guidelines for configuring routing using the React Router library are described, allowing you to create dynamic and multi-page applications while providing smooth navigation and a good user experience. In addition, ways to ensure application security are considered, including protection against XSS attacks, CSRF and other types of vulnerabilities, which is critical in medical applications. The article provides specific recommendations for implementing a web application for a medical clinic. They include practical code examples that demonstrate the implementation of key functionalities such as user registration and authentication, medical record processing, and database interaction. The process of setting up the infrastructure for development, testing and deployment of the application is described, including the use of CI/CD tools to automate these processes, which contributes to increasing the efficiency of development and the quality of the final product. The article provides valuable information for developers who seek to create effective and secure web applications for medical clinics using modern technologies. The conclusions and recommendations presented in the study will help ensure high quality and compliance of the developed solutions with modern industry standards and requirements, which will contribute to increasing the efficiency of the work of medical institutions and the quality of medical services provided to patients

Dynamic Web applications, such as e-commerce Web application, extensively use databases as backend servers. These Web applications are highly dependent on the efficiency with which the Web databases can be accessed. A dynamic Web page consists of many small fragments of scripting languages, called Web views, which may require access to data in disparate databases. These Web views when materialized can enhance the efficiency of database access. An e-commerce Web application has large number of users involved in various personalized interactive activities. These generate a stream of Web page accesses and modification requests that necessitate taking dynamic decisions for selecting Web views for materialization, which minimize the average access time of Web views. In this paper, a Web view selection algorithm (WVSA) that selects Web views for materialization is proposed. Experimental results suggest that materializing Web views using WVSA increases the efficiency of Web view accesses.

This paper presents an original Model-Driven-Engineering (MDE) approach to support the verification and testing of security properties in dynamic web applications. Based on a previously recovered UML-based fine-grained security model, the approach begins by transforming the model into a Prolog-based formal model. The Prolog model is then checked to verify whether the application conforms to specified access control security properties. We demonstrate the use of our method on the popular open source bulletin board system PhpBB 2.0, in the context of three test scenarios: testing for unauthorized access, web application security maintenance, and web application re-engineering.

End-users who are nonprogrammers create web applications by using advanced web development tools. However, these tools are not supported by any methodological process which produces that web applications are of low quality. This paper presents an approach to bring web engineering principles to the end-user community. We complement the web engineering method OOWS with tools that allow end-users to develop web applications by: (1) describing web applications in terms of the end-users’ knowledge about the application domain, (2) automatically obtaining a web application prototype by means of the OOWS code generation strategy, and (3) personalizing the web application look and feel by simply selecting a design template. To achieve this, an ontology-based strategy is introduced to support end-users throughout the web application development. We also introduce a strategy that allows us to define domain-independent presentation templates.

The purpose of the article is to study and analyze various components of the Full Stack JavaScript concept and to consider common problems and prospects for developing a prototype educational web application based on it. The research methods are the main methodological approaches and technological tools for the development of intelligent learning systems with elements of gamification based on the use of an appropriate multi-level ontological model. These methods include, in particular: systemic and comparative analyses to identify the features of creating scalable and high-performance web applications; the method of expert evaluation, which involves analyzing literature and information resources, conducting interviews and surveys of experts, as well as the processes of developing and testing scalable and high-performance web applications. The scientific novelty of the research is the analysis of modern technologies for the development of online educational process support platforms, the results of which can be used in the preparation of their e-learning support software product, which is a user’s assistant in the process of studying the relevant educational content, and may even become an independent unit – an online course. Conclusions. The paper investigates the existing views on the modern approach to the development of high-performance websites using the main components of the Full Stack JavaScript concept: Node.js, Express and MongoDB. The strengths and weaknesses of well-known e-learning support platforms are analyzed. This analysis led to the choice of the Full Stack JavaScript concept for the development of modern web applications. We used technologies such as HTML, CSS, and JavaScript for front-end development. For backend development, we used Node.js together with Express. The MongoDB database was used to store data (as documents). The proposed approach to developing a prototype of an educational web application has demonstrated the possibility of such an implementation of each component of Full Stack JavaScript when the web application provides minimalistic functions of an online learning platform, achieving the required level of both educational content and the level of competencies that users of the application can potentially obtain. The Full Stack JavaScript concept provides one of the best solutions for developing modern web applications, reducing the separation between frontend and backend and facilitating development flexibility. This allows you to create scalable and high-performance educational web applications using a single language. Considering the results of this analysis, a decision has been made to develop a prototype of an educational web application based on the Full Stack JavaScript concept that would provide minimalistic functions of an online learning platform.

A Web application is an application that is invoked with a Web browser over the Internet. Ever since 1994 when the Internet became available to the public and especially in 1995 when the World Wide Web put a usable face on the Internet, the Internet has become a platform of choice for a large number of ever-more sophisticated and innovative Web applications. In just one decade, the Web has evolved from being a repository of pages used primarily for accessing static, mostly scientific, information to a powerful platform for application development and deployment. New Web technologies, languages, and methodologies make it possible to create dynamic applications that represent a new model of cooperation and collaboration among large numbers of users. Web application development has been quick to adopt software engineering techniques of component orientation and standard components. For example, search, syndication, and tagging have become standard components of a new generation of collaborative applications and processes. Future developments in Web applications will be driven by advances in browser technology, Web Internet infrastructure, protocol standards, software engineering methods, and application trends.