core periphery structure Research Articles (Page 3)

A study of the spatial network structure of ethnic regions in Northwest China based on multiple factor flows in the context of COVID-19: Evidence from Ningxia

The possession of diverse knowledge is vital for countries to maintain competitive advantages as new technologies and other disruptive changes emerge. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has become an important instrument to access knowledge and innovation available in other countries with the increasing trend of globalization. However, little is known about how the knowledge base of a country can be enriched in the context of knowledge sourcing through FDI, drawing upon general contexts of knowledge and innovation in countries. By adopting the social network analysis methodology to model and analyze the global outward FDI network for the period 2009–2016 and conducting longitudinal regression analyses, this study reveals that the global outward FDI network has a core–periphery structure, the network centrality position of a country is positively and significantly associated with the knowledge base of the country, and the absorptive capacity of a country positively moderates the association. Equipped with empirical evidence to support our theory, we develop the K-NACK framework to understand the context of knowledge sourcing through FDI.

Social network analysis can be a powerful tool to better understand the social context of terrorist activities, and it may also offer potential leads for agencies to intervene. Our access to Dutch police information allows us to analyse the relational features of two networks that include actors who planned acts of terrorism and were active in the dissemination of a Salafi-Jihadi interpretation of Islam ( n = 57; n = 26). Based on a mixed-method approach that combines qualitative and more formal statistical analysis (exponential random graph models), we analyse the structural characteristics of these networks, individual positions and the extent to which radical leaders, pre-existing family and friendship ties and radicalizing settings affect actors to form ties. We find that both networks resemble a core–periphery structure, with cores formed by a densely interconnected group of actors who frequently meet in radicalizing settings. Based on our findings, we discuss the potential effects of preventive and repressive measures developed within the Dutch counterterrorism framework.

Decomposing a graph into groups of nodes that share similar connectivity properties is essential to understand the organization and function of complex networks. Previous works have focused on groups with specific relationships between group members, such as assortative communities or core-periphery structures, developing computational methods to find these mesoscale structures within a network. Here, we go beyond these two traditional cases and introduce a methodology that is able to identify and systematically classify all possible community types in directed multi graphs, based on the pairwise relationship between groups. We apply our approach to 53 different networks and find that assortative communities are the most common structures, but that previously unexplored types appear in almost every network. A particularly prevalent new type of relationship, which we call a source-basin structure, has information flowing from a sparsely connected group of nodes (source) to a densely connected group (basin). We look in detail at two online social networks-a new network of Twitter users and a well-studied network of political blogs-and find that source-basin structures play an important role in both of them. This confirms not only the widespread appearance of nonassortative structures but also the potential of hitherto unidentified relationships to explain the organization of complex networks.

As a driving force for regional development, innovation holds an increasing position in regional competitiveness, and a reasonable and coordinated innovation network structure can promote high-quality regional development. Utilizing the modified gravity model and social network analysis method, an innovation network composed of 27 cities in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration from 2010 to 2021 was studied. The following conclusions were founded: (1) The innovation development level in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration was constantly improving, and the innovation development level generally showed a spatial pattern of high in the southeast and low in the northwest. (2) The intensity and density of innovation network correlations in urban agglomerations were increasing, and the centrality of network nodes had an obvious hierarchical characteristic. The innovation network had a significant core–periphery spatial structure, with core cities that had higher centrality, such as Shanghai, Nanjing, and Hangzhou, playing the role of “intermediaries” and “bridges”, while cities with lower centrality, such as Anhui and cities in northern Jiangsu, generally played the role of “periphery actors” in the network. (3) The spatial correlation network of innovation of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration could be divided into four blocks, namely, main benefit, broker, two-way spillover, and net spillover, and the spillover effect among them had obvious gradient characteristics of hierarchy.

Investigating the energy trade networks in the Belt and Road regions: Structures and evolution

This study uses social network analysis and modified gravity model methods to empirically analyse the network spatial correlation structure and spatiotemporal development trend of 21 cities in Guangdong Province from 2000 to 2020 based on tourism economic development data. The findings show that, first, Zhuhai has the greatest potential for growth as the centre of the spatial and temporal evolution trend of the network structure of the tourism economy in Guangdong Province, ahead of Shenzhen, Huizhou, Zhaoqing, Zhongshan, Jiangmen and Dongguan. However, Guangzhou, the capital city of Guangdong Province, is experiencing a decline in such influence and development. Second, there is a counter-trend growth in the number of tourism-related economic links among the 21 cities. Although Guangdong's tourism economic network intensity is strong, there is still room for further optimisation. Third, the results of the overall network indicators show that there is a need for further improvement in network density, grade and efficiency to help reduce the relative development gap of the cities' tourism and effectively improve the overall development of Guangdong's tourism economy. Finally, based on the core–periphery structure, this study proposes relevant suggestions for the sustainable development of Guangdong's tourism industry.

A pre-pandemic analysis of the global fertiliser trade network

Reinforcement learning policy recommendation for interbank network stability

Oil price bubbles: The role of network centrality on idiosyncratic sovereign risk

The formation and proximity mechanism of population flow networks under multiple traffic in China

Based on social network analysis (SNA) and the modified Boston Matrix (also known as Market Growth Rate—Relative Market Share Matrix or Four Quadrant Analysis, which was developed by the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) in the early 1970s.), this paper presents the temporal and spatial evolution process of inter-city corporate investment networks in 338 city regions (prefecture level and above) in China from 1980 to 2017. First, we find that inter-city investment linkages formed a diamond-shaped connection structure, with Beijing–Shanghai–Shenzhen–Chongqing as the spatial vertices; moreover, the overall investment network underwent a transition from looseness to aggregation. Second, the spatial layout of module division presents a situation of overall fragmentation and partial agglomeration, and regional integration is increasing. Third, the resource control capability of nodes showed the Beijing unipolar pattern before the 2000s and developed into the Beijing–Shanghai–Hangzhou one-pole, dual-core pattern after the 2000s. The reachability of nodes presents the Beijing uni-polar pattern during all the study years. The core–periphery model of nodes weakened over the study period, and the nodes’ positions have obvious administrative hierarchy and economic level orientation. Fourth, the node potentials and development stages are stronger in the east than in the west overall. Finally, we propose some political implications that the government can consider in order to improve the regional coordination of development.

This study examines the information diffusion of “Airbnb discrimination” and related digital activism on Twitter. The model-based inferential network analysis shows a hub-and-spoke network that is loosely connected, indicating that the diffusion network of Airbnb discrimination includes various issues (e.g., antisemitism). The retweet network mirrors the existing offline relationship of users (e.g., those who support opinion leaders of antisemitism), demonstrating a core–periphery structure during the information diffusion process. This study not only empirically tested the retweet relationships but also provided theoretical explanations on how these relationships form through the notion of curative logic and two step information flow theory. The findings of this research challenge the widely accepted assumption about social media that “the more users share, the more people will see.”

ABSTRACT The identification of core technologies is a basic and important task in technology planning practice. We propose a limit citation network based on social network analysis and use the core–periphery structure to identify core patents. Then a case study is used to verify the feasibility of the methods. The results are: We obtain 994*994 co-citation matrix to identify core technologies in the EUVL and its network has an apparent core/periphery structure. The EUVL technology network has 123 core patens and 871 periphery patents. Seven core technologies are identified through the core network visualisation of connections between core patents. There are ten companies at a main position of the EUVL core technologies patentee network, of which AMAT has a strong presence, ASML and AGC play an important role. Most companies tend to pay attention to several technology domains, and one core technology area perhaps is the focus of many companies. The limit citation network improves the accuracy of network analysis results and could be used as a basis network model for analysis in some certain technology area. The identification of core technologies and main patentees on EUVL can help companies to accurately positioning the core technology and find the potential business partners.

More and more tourists tend to seek cultural enjoyment while taking trips based on their satisfied socio-economic needs. The spatiality of cultural tourism determines the feasibility and convenience of the access to cultural tourism resources. Given that spatial research on cultural tourism rarely involves the underdeveloped regions in China, especially via Baidu Index data, this study aims to explore the dynamic spatial pattern of cultural tourism Internet attention based on Baidu Index through social network analysis (i.e., network density, centrality analysis, core–periphery model, etc.) in the Western Triangle Economic Zone (WTEZ), China. Research findings are as follows. (1) Temporally, the centrality is increasingly enhanced in terms of the core cities with high cultural tourism Internet attention, as well as their radiation effect. (2) Spatially, the distribution pattern of cultural tourism Internet attention is shifting from polarization to equilibrium. However, the overall network density still presents a mode of loose connection and fails to extend from the core triangle structure in the planar dimension. (3) The cultural tourism Internet attention in WTEZ presents an obvious core–periphery pattern. Xi’an–Chengdu–Chongqing is in a dominant position, and the core area spreads from south to north. (4) The spatial-temporal pattern of cultural tourism Internet attention in WTEZ is influenced by transportation, reception facilities, consumption ability, and political environment, and the main driving factors are the number of hotels, per capita income, total highway mileage, and cultural tourism policy indicators. This study is conducive to sustainable spatial planning of cultural tourism through smart data governance.

How do ephemeral factors shape recreation along the urban river? A social media perspective

The banking system could be mapped by the network model to generate the structural properties of evolution dynamics. In this study, we empirically investigate the evolution properties of the China bank network from 2008 to 2019 where the banks and lending relationships are set as the nodes and links. By introducing the middle layer into the core–periphery (CP) model, we present the core–middle–periphery (CMP) model where the nodes belonging to the core layer are fully connected and the ones belonging to the middle layer connect the core and periphery layer. Compared with the traditional CP model, the reconstruction error of the CMP model is decreased by 64% compared with the one obtained by the CP model, and the transition stability probability is enhanced greatly. This work is helpful for deeply understanding the evolution properties of the banking system.

Following the appearance of urban shrinkage in Western countries, scholars have taken note of increasing amounts of urban shrinkage with significant regional characteristics in China in recent years. Focusing on the Yellow River Basin, this study comprehensively measured prefecture-level and county-level city shrinkage based on China’s fifth, sixth and seventh national census data. Furthermore, the spatiotemporal patterns, types and modes of urban shrinkage were analyzed, and the factors influencing urban shrinkage were explored using a multiple linear regression model and a sorting model. The study results show that the number of shrinking cities and the shrinking degree significantly increased at the prefecture and county levels in the last 20 years. The identified shrinking cities are concentrated in the upper and middle reaches of the river basin, spatially configured around major cities and along the high-speed railway line. The regional pattern shows a typical “core–periphery” characteristic. Peripheral shrinkage is the main mode in which cities shrink. The strength and speed of economic development and industrial transformation positively affect urban shrinkage; the ageing degree, high-speed railway opening and other factors negatively affect urban shrinkage.

Network formation and systemic risk

The purpose of the research is to determine the structure of the CHOICE concept in the British linguistic worldview, using the novel “The Black Prince” by the English writer I. Murdoch as an example. The paper studies such constituent elements of the CHOICE concept as the core, inner and outer periphery, phraseological membrane and visual veil. Scientific originality of the research lies in taking a noospheric approach to analysing the cultural concept of CHOICE, which seems to be the fundamental component in the individual style of I. Murdoch, who is an exemplary representative of the British linguocultural community. As a result, language units representing each of the elements of the CHOICE concept have been identified and a visual map of the concept under study has been compiled.