Arctic State Agrotechnological University

The assessment of the level of environmental education in Russia and foreign countries at the legislative and public levels is given, and recommendations on the best approaches and practices aimed at environmental education projects are formulated. Recommendations on updating such a concept as environmental education are formulated. And transferring the experience of foreign countries to Russia in matters of projects aimed at environmental education.

Modern forestry is rapidly integrating digital technologies, which is reflected, among other things, in the emergence and development of new information systems, and naturally leaves its mark on the field of forest resource accounting. New technologies, keeping pace with the growing requirements of forest management, create favorable conditions both for improving the accuracy of digital accounting in the forest industry as a whole, and determine the urgency of improving the accuracy of accounting for roundwood bark.

Promising options for effective development of forest fund areas remote from the road network, as well as areas with weak bearing capacity of soils, are considered. The work was carried out within the framework of the scientific school "Innovative developments in the field of the logging industry and forestry".

The article addresses methods for detecting information leaks and anomalies in network traffic based on the analysis of NetFlow protocol data using the BERT model. A methodology for preprocessing and vectorizing network flows employing modern transformer-based approaches tailored for cybersecurity tasks is proposed. An experimental evaluation of the model’s effectiveness on real and synthetic datasets is conducted. The results demonstrate improved anomaly detection accuracy and enhanced adaptability of the model to changing network activity conditions. This work aims to expand the capabilities of monitoring and protecting information systems in the face of increasing cyber threats.

Improving the efficiency of means for lightning protection in main electric networks by the example of MES Vostoka (Main Electric Networks of the East, branch of PAO Rosseti). The factors that caused emergency outages of 220-kV overhead power-transmission lines for the period from 2017 to 2024, as well as technical solutions and experience gained based on the operation of lightning protection systems are considered. The technical solutions concerning the construction of power-transmission-line tower grounding systems are made taking into account the effect of soil resistivity and include the use of salt and graphite grounding conductors. The measured and calculated (after upgrading) values obtained for the impulse impedances of the 220-kV power-transmission-line tower grounding systems are compared with each other. The main direction of activities aimed at improving the reliability and lightning resistance of power lines consists in the use of externally gapped line arresters (EGLAs). Systematized data based on the operational experience concerning the number of lightning-induced outages, line arrester damageability, as well as recommendations for their use are presented. The efficiency of using EGLAs to improve the reliability and to enhance the lightning resistance of a 220-kV transmission lines in the zones with a high resistivity of soils has been demonstrated. The operational characteristics concerning the number of 220-kV transmission-line lightning-induced outages within the periods before and after the installation of line arresters, and the statistics of emergency power line outages caused by the arresters installed therein are analyzed.

The article presents scientifically grounded approaches to feed production in the context of risky agriculture in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), with a focus on the impact of climatic factors such as extreme temperature fluctuations and a short growing season on traditional agricultural methods. This highlights the necessity of implementing modern technologies, including precision farming and genetically modified crops. In 2024, a total area of 50.9 hectares was sown with sorghum-sudan grass hybrids, oats, and mixed crops. The climatic conditions were characterized as severely drought-prone, with an average daily temperature of +9.1 °C in May and +19.3 °C in June, while precipitation in May was only 7.3 mm. According to the results, the sorghum-sudan grass hybrid reached a height of 120 cm with a yield of 17.4 tons/ha; oats reached 70 cm with a yield of 10.0 tons/ha; vetch yielded 12.3 tons/ha; and peas yielded 14.0 tons/ha. The application of the biological preservative Bonsilage contributed to a reduction in nutrient losses, resulting in the harvesting of 530 tons of silage with quality parameters including a protein content of 30.37%, crude fiber of 24.05%, and a pH of 4.5. The implementation of these technologies increased milk yield from 2800 to 3787 liters per cow per year (a 35% increase). Thus, the results confirm the effectiveness of scientifically grounded methods of feed production and the use of modern technologies, which improve the quality of forages and enhance livestock productivity under the conditions of risky agriculture in the Republic of Sakha.

This article discusses the development of a grapho-analytical method for modeling technological processes of discrete-continuous production lines of timber warehouses. The proposed approach is based on matrix transformations of coordinates and allows us to analytically describe the structure of technological operations with visualization in the form of graphs of displacement versus time. The authors have identified two key modeling methods: summation of displacement vectors and summation of particular time values, of which the first is more effective for longitudinal feeding of wood raw materials. The work focuses on the current problems of production line design, historically estab-lished methods, as well as the advantages of the grapho-analytical approach over traditional methods. The purpose of the research is to develop a structured method for modeling technological processes to improve the design and optimi-zation of production lines of timber warehouses. The research methods include theoretical modeling, analytical descrip-tion of processes based on matrix transformations and graphical representation of the results. Results: A new modeling method is proposed that makes it possible to simplify the process of designing warehouse infrastructure and increase its accuracy. The technique demonstrates its effectiveness in modeling the operation of longitudinal feed lines for wood raw materials. Scope of application: The developed approach is focused on use in the forestry industry, but it can be adapted to other industries with similar technological challenges. Conclusion: The presented modeling method makes it possible to optimize the design of production lines, reducing the time and financial costs of experimental development. The work has scientific and practical significance for the development of the concept of integrated use of forest re-sources. The work was carried out within the framework of the scientific school "Innovative developments in the field of logging industry and forestry".

In the permafrost floodplain soils of Yakutia, research was conducted in 2024 to study the distribution of weed vegetation using digital technologies. The purpose of the research was to determine the weediness of fields in Yakutia using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) on the example of the Khangalassky District of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). The subject of the research was to determine the weediness of fields in Yakutia using UAVs. Field work was conducted using a multi-rotor quadcopter (drone) called DJIMavics 3 during the vegetation period of forage crops. The studies were conducted during the vegetation period of the main fodder crops. Statistical data processing using the Excel software package, and map drafting using the Agisoft Metashape software. According to the research objectives, field and laboratory studies were conducted to determine the level of weed infestation in the Oktemsky village of the Khangalassky District of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). The operational accounting by the DJIMavik-c drone made it possible to determine the biomass index of vegetation within the range of 0.2…0.8 based on the color tones. It was found that the Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) remained at the same level of 0.3 at the end of the vegetation period (on September 5 and 17) in the first area with perennial grasses. The NDVI of the weed vegetation varied from 0.5 (on September 5) to 0.32-0.4 (on September 17), which is typical for the autumn period. In the second plot, the survey conducted on August 21 showed that the NDVI in oat crops reached a high level of 0.7 with traces of weediness, and then decreased to 0.5 on September 15. In the third plot, the survey conducted from August 19 to September 24 revealed that the NDVI increased from 0.4 to 0.7 in the dynamics of oat plant development from the tillering phase to the beginning of earing, while traces of weediness were observed at 13%. To more accurately determine the condition of the crop map and the percentage of weediness in agricultural crops, it is necessary to combine the use of UAVs with traditional methods of crop weediness assessment.

The objective of research is to conduct an examination of the meat of Siberian roe deer and reindeer to identify possible threats to human health, to determine the suitability of roe deer and venison for human consumption in accordance with the requirements of regulatory documents. Objectives: to study the organoleptic properties of roe deer and venison; to conduct microscopic, physicochemical studies of meat; to conduct a luminescent analysis; to study the radioactive background of meat; to determine the content of nitrates in meat samples. Based on the results of laboratory studies, it was established that, according to organoleptic properties, roe deer and reindeer meat belongs to the fresh category. Roe deer meat has a bright red drying crust, the structure of muscle fibers is thin, bright red, reindeer meat has a dark red drying crust, muscle fibers are dark red. Each type of meat has a certain specific smell and taste. In physicochemical studies (by reaction with copper sulfate, peroxidase, Nessler reagent, pH value), roe deer and venison meat were classified as fresh and corresponded to the indicators of healthy animals. The data of luminescent and bacterioscopic analysis also indicate the freshness and safety of meat samples. The value of the radiation background of roe deer meat is 0.17 μSv/h, venison – 0.4 μSv/h with a norm of 0.5 μSv/h. The content of nitrates is within the standardized indicators: roe deer meat – 192 mg/kg; venison – 152 mg/kg (MPC – 200 mg/kg). The conducted veterinary and sanitary studies indicate the freshness and good quality of roe deer and venison meat samples, which allows people to eat meat without restrictions.

The article is devoted to substantiating the expediency of converting wheeled tractors of small traction class to a half-track under difficult operating conditions. It is shown that such a technical solution makes it possible to increase the efficiency of logging and forestry operations performed by wheeled tractors widely used by small timber enterprises. The work was carried out within the framework of the scientific school "Innovative developments in the field of logging industry and forestry".