РОЗРОБЛЕННЯ І ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ НОРМАТИВІВ ІЗ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ГУМОВИХ КИЙКІВ ПОЛІЦЕЙСЬКИМИ

The article analyzes the peculiarities of professional training of law enforcement officers. The relevance of the specific functions of the state in the professional training of domestic law enforcement officers is revealed, which is due to the specifics of the activities of officials and other officials of law enforcement agencies, called to ensure the interests of citizens, society and the state. Doctrinal opinions on the professional training of law enforcement officers were analyzed, as well as a number of legislative and sub-legislative legal acts were studied, including the Laws of Ukraine: «On Civil Service», «On the National Police», «On Social and Legal Protection of Servicemen and Their Family Members» , orders of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine on the organization of initial professional training of police officers, who are first accepted for police service, on higher educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, regulating the legal relationship of professional training of law enforcement officers. It is emphasized that an important role in the law enforcement activity of a law enforcement officer is played by his professional competence, personal positive human qualities that influence his formation as a personality. The opinion expressed is that the professional activity of a law enforcement officer is inseparable from his professional competence. A theoretical definition of the concept of «professional competence» is given as a set of acquired and necessary professional knowledge, abilities and practical skills that, depending on the field of professional activity, a law enforcement officer can perform within the limits of the powers determined by the position in accordance with the law and other regulatory legal acts. It is justified that every law enforcement officer should be a highly cultured person, have a high level of legal culture, tolerance, and humanity.It was concluded that the law enforcement function belongs to one of the most important functions of the social legal state and covers the entire complex of internal and external functions of the state enshrined in the Constitution and laws of Ukraine, each of which affects the activity of the state-authorized law enforcement body in accordance with the purpose and tasks of its activity. A necessary condition for the implementation of tasks and the implementation of internal and external functions of the state requires proper provision of law enforcement bodies with material resources, financial and monetary support, a guarantee of social protection, and determination of the powers of the law enforcement body. The implementation of the law enforcement function is inextricably linked with the activities of the law enforcement body, its officials and officials. This function is objectified and developed as an integrated indicator of professional competence, possession of organizational, special and legal knowledge and entrusts the state with the important function of providing professional training and special training of the future highly qualified specialist – a law enforcement officer who has mastered the relevant theoretical knowledge and practical skills, who psychologically ready to act in extreme conditions, be able to and know how to use acquired knowledge in order to ensure the protection of human and citizen rights and freedoms, legal order and state security.

The object of the study is tactical and special training as a basic element of professional training of employees of internal affairs bodies. The subject of the study is horror quests as a promising direction of psychophysical training. The purpose of the work is to study horror quests as a promising direction for the introduction and adaptation of tactical, special and psychophysical training of law enforcement officers. The set goal determines the objectives of the study, namely: 1. To reveal the role of psychophysical training in the system of tactical and special training of law enforcement officers, as well as its impact on overall professional fitness; 2. To consider the history, content and essence of horror quests as one of the most popular types of modern leisure; 3. To evaluate the possibility of adapting the concept of horror quests into the process of tactical, special and psychophysical training of police officers, as well as to consider ways of practical implementation of such adaptation.The scientific novelty lies in the justification of the application of the horror quest methodology in the psychophysical training of police officers.

The article studies the professional legal training of police officers of the National Police of Ukraine. In modern conditions, characterized by the reform of the law enforcement system, armed aggression against Ukraine, the effects of martial law, and the growing public demand for respect for human rights and freedoms, professional and legal training of police officers is of particular importance. In today's conditions, there is a need to form a new type of police officer – a highly qualified, morally stable, legally aware specialist who is able to act responsibly, legally, and effectively. The level of professional training of police officers directly affects the state of public safety, respect for human rights and freedoms, citizens' trust in state institutions, and the ability to combat crime. Namely, the professional and legal training of police officers is a key component of their professional competence, because it is the level of legal knowledge, skills and abilities that directly affects the legality of the use of coercive measures, the effectiveness of the performance of official duties, respect for human rights and the level of public trust in the police. In his daily activities, a police officer is faced with the need to promptly make lawful decisions in difficult and often extreme conditions, which requires a deep understanding of the norms of national and international law, as well as the established legal culture. A special role in this process is played by the combination of theoretical legal education with practical training, the use of interactive teaching methods, modeling of official situations, and the formation of sustainable skills for legal decision-making. It was concluded that the professional and legal training of police officers of the National Police of Ukraine is a fundamental condition for the effective performance of the tasks assigned to them in ensuring public safety, protecting human rights and freedoms, and combating crime. A high level of legal preparedness of a police officer is a guarantee of the legality of his actions, minimizing abuse of power, and increasing citizens' trust in law enforcement agencies. The development and modernization of professional and legal training of police officers should become one of the priority areas of state policy in the field of law enforcement activities, which will contribute to increasing the efficiency of the work of the National Police of Ukraine, establishing the principle of the rule of law and ensuring an adequate level of protection of human rights and freedoms in Ukrainian society.

The article presents the results of a scientific study, namely, the analysis of police training in firearms handling in accordance with the guidelines developed in peacetime before the beginning of Russian aggression. The author identifies the aspects that directly contribute to the selection of candidates for service in the national police, taking into account their previous experience and knowledge of firearms handling before starting their studies at higher educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine with specific training conditions. The author identifies promising areas of work to improve the quality of knowledge in the discipline “Firearms Training”, which directly affects the readiness of a police officer to protect the country and who must have practical skills in the use of modern weapons. The importance of strengthening the country’s defense capabilities and preparing young people to defend the homeland, as well as martial law as a special legal regime in exceptional circumstances when there is a threat of an armed attack on the country, is considered. The issues of promoting patriotic education and the development of special educational institutions for training future police officers were highlighted, and the need to improve the material and technical base, in particular, the importance of developing computer technologies and other modern teaching methods that will maximize the effect of the educational process in the training of law enforcement officers, was emphasized. The article gives an example which, in our opinion, should be further developed and applied in higher educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs in the course of firearms training, which will increase the motivation of students and cadets not only to obtain positive marks in the firearms training course, but also to achieve a high level of sports and professional skills. Namely, the regular holding of practical shooting competitions. All of these measures are aimed at strengthening the country’s defense capabilities and raising the level of professional training of police officers, which is important for ensuring national security and protecting Ukraine’s national interests.

The article is devoted to a detailed analysis of the administrative activities of the police in emergency situations, the specifics of the police's work in crisis situations are investigated, its regulatory and legal regulation, organizational measures and operational functions are analyzed, with an emphasis on evaluating the training of law enforcement officers for effective response in crisis situations. The work examines the main aspects of the organization and coordination of police actions during emergency situations, and also identifies problems that arise in the process of responding to them, including duplication of functions or gaps in the performance of duties. Special attention is paid to the importance of proper preparation of police officers for such situations, which includes regular training, increasing the level of interagency cooperation, implementation of modern technologies for monitoring and responding to emergency situations, as well as development of communication skills, mobility and adaptability. The article emphasizes the importance of improving the legal framework, providing resources and developing training programs that include practical training and training in the use of special equipment. In addition, factors that directly affect the effectiveness of the police, such as the organization of internal interaction and timely response to external challenges, are analyzed. The importance of a comprehensive approach to the training of law enforcement officers is highlighted, which will ensure not only effective response to emergency situations, but also contribute to ensuring public safety and stability in crisis conditions. The article also suggests directions for improving the existing mechanisms of police work in emergency situations, which will increase its efficiency and trust on the part of citizens.

The problem of psychological training of employees of law enforcement agencies remains relevant at the present time. The problem of professional training for extreme situations is of particular importance, as the choice of a methodological approach to the implementation of professional and psychological training of law enforcement officers. The most effective is the system-situational approach in combination with the model approach, which are based on the system approach. The authors consider the role of situational, system-situational, model approaches to the psychological training of law enforcement officers in extreme situations of professional activity. In the course of the theoretical analysis and empirical research, the conclusion is formulated about the significance and effectiveness of the system-situational approach, the use of which contributes to the formation of effective psychodiagnostic procedures. In the course of the study, the features of the psychological and managerial potential of employees of law enforcement agencies were identified. In modern conditions, a systematic approach is developing most intensively, which carries out a gradual study of the subject: from the general to the particular, taking into account the significance of the goal, its achievability. The article considers the system-situational approach as one of the most promising, especially in the aspect of empirical research of crisis and anti-crisis situations of operational and service activities. Within the framework of system-situational analysis, professionally significant activity is studied as a dynamic system.

Some time ago, most of the offenders were in poor physical shape, and sometimes there were those who once engaged in some kind of martial arts, the list of which at that time was quite small. Mostly it was either wrestling, classical or freestyle, or judo or sambo, sometimes boxing and occasionally karаte. Over time, the situation changed. The requirements for the professional training of police officers also changed. This happened not only in one country, but all over the world. Today, many offenders are in good physical shape, play sports, attend gyms and martial arts classes, and sometimes learn professional weaponry, cold or firearms. Therefore, the professional training of police officers must meet all modern challenges. No matter how the requirements for it changed, some things have always remained unchanged, this is the maximum efficiency of the technique, and the minimum risk of injury for police officers and criminals. Of course, vocational training specialists turned to various self-defense systems. To some of them, under the influence of a temporary fashion for one or another system. But taking into account the working conditions of police officers, such as close contact, very often a closed space or an armed criminal, most of these systems have not been tested in practice, and did not meet such criteria as maximum efficiency and minimum risk of getting injured, both for the police officer and for the offender. Also, another criterion is the widespread use of the system so that it is tested by practice as many times as possible. One of the systems that has been tested by practice and meets all the requirements is jiu-jitsu. It is very common in the world precisely because of its effectiveness. The purpose of the study is to analyze the literature on the use of jiu-jitsu in the professional activities of police officers, its advantages and disadvantages. The object of the research is the professional training of police officers. The subject of the research is law enforcement officers – policemen. The subject of the study is the effectiveness of jiu-jitsu for the professional training of police officers. Research methods – theoretical analysis, systematization and generalization of data, literature analysis. Research findings – analysis of sources has shown that jiu-jitsu is effective for the professional training of police officers and helps them to develop the skills needed in real-life situations. Conclusions. Jiu-jitsu training can be a highly effective tool to improve the level of training of police officers, and it will help ensure more effective apprehension of criminals.

This article discusses the problem of developing a mathematical model and applying dynamic programming methods to improve the effectiveness of the training process for students in the interests of law enforcement agencies of the Russian Federation in subordinate higher educational institutions, which, within the framework of this article, are considered as a complex organizational system. Currently, due to the existential challenges presented to our country, it is necessary to solve more multifaceted professional tasks by employees of law enforcement agencies in their practical activities. All this requires advanced professional training for solving professional tasks by law enforcement officers who study at higher educational institutions. The training of law enforcement officers in higher education institutions, like any complex organizational system, depends on the objective and subjective parameters that affect the functioning of this system. To this end, in order to increase the effectiveness of managerial decision-making in the process of training cadets of law enforcement agencies, heads of higher educational institutions responsible for improving the quality of the educational process should introduce information systems into the activity that operate on the basis of a mathematical apparatus describing the model of preparing students to perform professional duties. The development of mathematical models involves the use of the apparatus of the theory of operations research, as well as the theory of Markov random processes, in particular, the description of functioning based on processes with discrete states and continuous time and using game theory in order to achieve the necessary practical results is considered.

This research evaluates the effectiveness of socialization and law enforcement regarding underage electric bicycle riders, and provides recommendations for improvement. The study results show that current outreach programs are not yet effective in reaching the main audience, namely children and teenagers. This is caused by budget limitations, lack of support from stakeholders, and limited communication media. A lack of understanding among parents and young drivers as well as a lack of information at the school and community level exacerbates this problem. Law enforcement also remains weak and inconsistent, largely due to a lack of strict supervision and regulation, as well as a lack of understanding among law enforcement officials. In terms of regulations, Law no. 22 of 2009 does not yet specifically cover electric bicycles, which require updating to reflect the latest technology. The evaluation shows a mismatch between existing regulations and practice in the field. To improve this situation, it is recommended to increase outreach through educational programs in schools, partnerships with the media, drafting special regulations for electric bicycles, revising the Traffic Law, and increasing law enforcement with special training for law enforcement officers. It is hoped that these steps will create a safer and more orderly environment for electric bicycle users, as well as reduce the risk of accidents

The activity of military personnel in modern languages to counteract the armed aggression of ‘the Russian Federation places significant demands on their training during combat operations. High-quality training of future officers in military higher education institutions is an important and effective means and way to form the professional readiness of law enforcement units to perform assigned tasks in combat conditions. It is the qualitative training of each serviceman that requires the search for new methods and technologies for the organization of all forms of physical training in the process of training in each of the specialties. The analysis of scientific sources indicates that crossfit is one of the sports that is effective and important for the development of general physical qualities, maintaining the proper level of functional capabilities of the defender, and is rapidly developing in the world. The article is devoted to the scientific substantiation of the content of multifunctional cross-fit training, as well as the effectiveness of cross-fit means and methods for the development of professionally important strength qualities of servicemen for military professional activity.

The subject of the study is the general professional initial training of police officers aimed at the formation of the personality of the subject of professional activity – a police officer as a citizen, defender of life, health, rights and freedoms of citizens, the interests of society and the state, a patriot of his Fatherland. The purpose of the study is the theoretical substantiation of the model of general professional initial training as the first stage of professional training (initial level of professional training of police officers), police officers first recruited, which is aimed at the formation of the personality of police officers with a basic level of general professional knowledge, skills, personal qualities and readiness to implement them in further professional activities. On the basis of the formed basic knowledge, skills, skills, professional and moral ideals, values and ethical norms, a police officer already within the framework of general professional initial training should become a person ready and capable of mastering new general professional knowledge, skills, abilities throughout his professional life. In conditions of insufficient general education and physical training of citizens accepted for training and increased requirements for the personal and professional qualities of modern police officers, it is necessary to rebuild the existing professional training, i.e. reformat the content of the educational process, forms, methods, means, technologies of training at the initial stage. The need to make changes in the professional training of police officers, who were first recruited, is caused by the increased requirements for their daily activities. At the present stage, a police officer needs to have formed basic general professional knowledge, skills, skills and personal qualities. Among them: respect for the honor and dignity of citizens, self-demanding and responsibility, determination and decency, morality and dedication, initiative and stress resistance, readiness for interaction and cooperation, physical fitness, readiness for the lawful use of force and special means, including firearms, etc.

The article is devoted to a comprehensive study of criminalistic support for the prevention of crimes against the family and minors. The author analyzes the historical prerequisites for the formation of the theory (doctrine) of criminalistic crime prevention, highlights controversial issues in the interpretation of terminology and content of this area of law enforcement. The purpose of the work is to define the concept and system of criminalistic support for the prevention of crimes against the family and minors in order to apply it. The methodological basis of the research is made up of general scientific and specific scientific methods: dialectical, formal logic (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction), historical, systemic, comparative research, hermeneutical, etc. Results: based on the analysis of the positions of individual scientists presented in criminalistic science and the conducted research, the author proposes his own vision of criminalistic support for the prevention of crimes against the family and minors, and also identifies the structural elements of such a system, including tasks, subjects of prevention, objects of preventive impact, as well as criminalistic situations and appropriate means, methods and technologies of criminalistic prevention. The article argues the need to modernize existing techniques for analyzing criminalistically significant information, to increase the professional training of law enforcement officers in this ar ea, to actively use information t echnology and to strengthen interagency cooperation in order to minimize recidivism and ensure effective protection of the rights and legitimate interests of the famil y and minors.

The object of the study is such an integral part of the professional service and physical training of employees of internal affairs bodies as fire training. The main purpose of fire training classes is to teach a police officer the skillful use of weapons, the conduct of accurate fire and its lawful use. To do this, it is necessary to "... create an official basic methodology of fire training for law enforcement officers using existing experience in the use of weapons" and highlight the role of the teacher in its implementation. Currently, everyone in various educational organizations uses a methodology based on the professional experience of teachers. The main conclusion can be considered that the educational goals of fire training classes are achieved, including the pedagogical work of teachers in the classroom. These classes should be conducted systematically, consistently and comprehensively. Theoretical classes should be fixed in practical classes. The material part of the weapon should be closely linked to the study of the basics and rules of shooting. The studied topics should be associated with new educational material, work with weapons – with its use, etc. In the classroom, teachers need not only to manage the learning process in the group, but also to implement an individual approach to each listener. Such work of teachers will contribute to the most effective training of employees in the lawful and effective use of weapons.

Violence against children and women in Indonesia is a serious problem that reflects weaknesses in the legal protection system. Various social factors such as poverty, low education, patriarchal culture, gender inequality, and early marriage exacerbate the situation. This phenomenon demands deep reforms in policy and law enforcement to ensure protection and justice for victims. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of the legal protection system for children and women in Indonesia, highlighting policy gaps, structural barriers, and the impact on victims. The research uses a normative-empirical method with a descriptive-qualitative approach. Data was collected through a literature review of laws and regulations, as well as analysis of other legal and non-legal documents. The results identified eight main obstacles in law enforcement, including suboptimal implementation of additional punishment, stereotyping, victim blaming, revictimization, and difficulties in presenting evidence at trial. Punishments that are still oriented towards imprisoning perpetrators and the lack of understanding of power relations among legal officers add to the complexity of the problem. In addition, victims often do not report their cases due to lack of legal support and the risk of psychological impact is not considered. Legal reform is needed to create responsive and humane protection. Improve training of law enforcement officers, provide one-stop service centers for victims, expand public awareness campaigns, and increase budget allocations to support more effective policy implementation.

The article analyzes the practices of immersive technologies implementation in the educational process, the relevance of which has increased significantly in recent years due to the COVID-19 pandemic The purpose of the current research is to study the development of the IT media and new technologies of immersion in the educational environment through the example of police training institutions of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia. The research identified best practices in using the capabilities of multipurpose educational and scientific training sites, specialized and computer classrooms, interactive shooting ranges of the I.D. Putilin Belgorod Law Institute of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia. The authors conclude that the utilization of immersive technologies in the educational process contributes to the deep immersion of police students in various situations of future professional activity, safe practical skill training, improving the quality of education. The article emphasizes immersive technologies as one of the components of the educational process. The authors applied such general research methods as analysis and synthesis, deduction, and induction. In conclusion, the authors state that the high-quality training of law enforcement officers in the context of the digitalization of society will require a revision of existing training technologies and expansion of the immersive technology practices.