Концептний простір заголовків (на матеріалі медіатекстів на тему COVID-19)


 P. Amichba, I. P. Suima, O. V. Shkurko
 
 CONCEPT-CONSTRUCT «GOLD/GOLDEN» AS A UNIVERSAL TEXT OF CULTURE AND LANGUAGE 
 
 Background. Proverbs and sayings are an ambivalent semiotic signs that allow us to express feelings, emotions, attitudes to the subject of thought. This sign is objectified by various expressively marked syntactic models of positive and negative connotation. Among the numerous proverbs and sayings in any language, we can distinguish constructions with a nuclear component «gold / golden», which are represented at a deep mental level by a concept-construct. The study of this concept is related to the theory of phrases and sentences, as well as to the problems of cognitive linguistics, in particular, the linguistics of the text and its deep components. We consider the attributive constructions with the nuclear dominant word «gold» and its derivative «golden» as belonging to these components.
 The purpose of the article is to describe and analyze the conceptual construct «gold» and its mental universal deeply structured images, objectified by attributive constructions.
 Research methods. Structural and semantic analysis of phraseological units with the semantic nuclear component «gold» and its derivative «golden»; elements of contextual and component description of linguistic facts.
 Results. Evaluation is one of the essential integral features of the concept-construct, which is actualized by coloratives implicitly and explicitly. The concept-construct «gold / golden» is a deep metaphorically structured text with complex hierarchical system of images. The concept under the consideration is categorized by an attributive construction with a dominant semantic component «gold» and its derivatives. The texts involved in the analysis and description are represented by a deep metaphor, which is verbalized by lexical units of positive and negative connotation with the meaning «measure of value». The choice of the subject of research allows to describe the system of human experience and their perception of the surrounding reality. In the presented models, the concept of «value» and its opposition «unnecessary, having no value» reveals the meanings and meanings and senses of deep universal images and symbols that allow us to understand the values ​​of people of different times and cultures.
 Conclusions and prospects. The study of constructions with the noun «gold» and the adjective «golden» in proverbs and sayings allows us to conclude that firstly, the conceptual construct «gold / golden» is a linear, detailed text of culture, and secondly, that the negative or positive connotation of this concept, verbalized by an attributive construction, can be considered as a proof of its ambivalence.
 The study of the concept-construct «gold» and its mental universal deeply structured images is part of a more general problem of the relationship between form and content in language, which makes an advanced theoretical study of concepts of different semantic content very important.
 Key words: concept, gold, golden, color, symbolism, mental images, attributive construction.

The article researched innovative cultural and art project — international symposium «Cucuteni International art camp», which has been held since 2015 in the village of Ivancha (Moldova) is being explored. A culturological analysis of the phenomenon of the artistic for the period from 2015 to 2018 is conducted and the characteristics of the ceramic works created at the symposium are submitted. Particular attention is paid to the participation of Ukrainian artists: Galina Istomina, Marta Berezhnenko, Anna Kiseleva in this project and their interaction with artists from other countries in the process of creative work. The main source of this research is the interview with the author of the article with artists, curators, symposium organizers, articles in mass media, photo and video reports, which are on the Internet, as well as created at the symposiums of work.A significant new experience of this symposium also lies in the fact that representatives of other countries, other cultures, are involved in the curatorial process. The curator of the first two symposiums was the Azerbaijani artist Mir-Teimur Mamedov, and the curator of the two following — the Polish ceramist of Lithuanian origin, Rytis Konstantinavicus. And this not only has no problem: on the contrary, such an approach demonstrates openness to dialogue, to the understanding and perception of other, different from their own, views on art. It is in him that the fundamental and innovative role played by this Moldova symposium will continue to play.The article shows that participation in the symposiums gives new opportunities and forces the artist to sometimes change the direction of his work, to try himself in the new conditions of work. It is an opportunity and happiness to reveal new opportunities, new potential, open new themes. The symposiums open new horizons, even when using the same clay, the same paints, known to every artist around the world. In the creative works created within the framework of the «Cucuteni International Art Camp», the theme of the «Trypillya-Kukuten» archaeological culture was interpreted in a new way, with a maximum lack of illustration, marked by a profound culturological penetration in the object of research. At the same time, the author of the article draws attention to the peculiarities of socio-cultural management in the conduct of this symposium, leads interviews with organizers and curators.

The study aims to determine the manipulative potential of the grammatical means chosen by defence attorneys and prosecutors when constructing their speeches in English-language judicial adversarial discourse (during the examination of witnesses). The article considers the main grammatical means of manipulative influence of defence attorneys / prosecutors on witness testimony. In modern linguistics, sufficient attention is paid to the issues of the communicative impact of defence attorneys and prosecutors on the court during their defensive and accusatory speeches. However, this aspect of manipulation during the examination of witnesses still remains a lacunary one. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that it describes for the first time the English-language grammatical means of manipulative influence during the examination of witnesses. The transcripts of real English-language trials have been analyzed, the most frequent grammatical means of the English language used by defence attorneys and prosecutors during the examination of witnesses have been identified, those of them that have manipulative potential have been selected, described and systematized. As a result, it has been proved that during the examination of witnesses and victims, the defence attorney and the prosecutor carry out manipulative influence on the court through witnesses by using grammatical means, achieving the desired perlocutionary effect.

Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze the discourse meaning of Korean passive expression to classify the discourse function, and then seek educational measures so that foreign learners can understand its meaning and use it as a tool for actual communication. Methods First, the discourse function of the passive expression is classified by extracting the passive sentences from the standard Korean dictionary and dividing the discourse meaning according to ‘Roman Jacobson's language function’. Second, a test item and questionnaire questionnaire questionnaire are designed to focus on the passive sentences most often covered in Korean textbooks at each university institution, and a survey on the frequency of use, understanding the passive content, and awareness of passive expressions in Korean is conducted for Korean learners at the University of A. Additionally, it examines the passive education in the field of education for Korean language instructors. Third, whether the educational content of passive in Korean textbooks at seven of the most commonly used Korean university institutions can understand the discourse meaning used by the native speaker and furthermore, whether it can be used as an actual discourse meaning. The ‘grammar elements, discourse, and pragmatic elements’ presented in Lee Hae-young's (2001) evaluation and analysis criteria of the textbook are analyzed in the framework, and the spiral education effect of the textbook composition is also examined. Fourth, based on the analysis results, a practical discourse education plan for passive is presented. Results First, foreign learners who learned the passive expression expressed it in an active manner as much as possible avoiding the use of passive, and they were unaware of the function of passive discourse used by native speakers. Additionally, the instructor was aware of the limitations of the learner's ability to use the current passive education content. Next, in Korean textbooks, most of the passive education content is texts that only know grammatical meanings, so foreign learners only remember grammatical meanings and cannot learn the meaning of discourse in communication. Finally, after the unit learned the passive expression, the learning effect lost its persistence and gradually disappeared, confirming the educational limitation. Conclusions This analysis raises the need for effective passive education that can be used in communication for foreign learners. To this end, when text-oriented discourse education, which is frequently used in everyday life in listening, speaking, and reading classes, is conducted after passive grammar classes, foreign learners can understand the meaning of discourse in conversations with native speakers and can be used as a discourse strategy for successful communication of learners. This study is significant in that it analyzes the actual state of passive education and its limitations for foreign learners, systematically classifies the discourse function of passive so that it can be used as a practical communication tool, and suggests the educational plan.

Cultural attachment to land in Africa significantly shapes its economies, often creating a complex interplay between tradition and modernity. While land provides essential livelihoods and is a source of wealth, traditional land tenure systems can hinder economic development due to factors like limited access, inefficient land use, and disputes. Conversely, traditional practices can also offer valuable insights into sustainable resource management and biodiversity conservation. According to Shipton “land is not merely a physical resource but also a source of identity, cultural heritage, and profound symbolic meaning”. Based on this concept, the research work explores the intricate relationship between land, culture, and it’s roles in the development of the economy of African nations. The work x- rays the separation of seemingly disparate domains – religion, ritual, cognition, adaptation, sustenance, and production – depicting on how they are intertwined within the context of land ownership and access. The work also examined how land in Africa is not just a commodity but also carries rich symbolic connotations and intricate legal philosophies. It's a focal point for cultural identity and heritage, where concepts of ownership, tenancy, and access are deeply embedded in social structures and belief systems. In order to satisfactorily address the issues raised by the research topic, the research strategy used in this study was the qualitative method. This method employed a tripartite data collection mechanism involving in-depth Semi-Structured Interviews, Focus Group Discussion and Questionnaire. The result shows that cultural attachment to land in the African context have both positive and negative connotations. The positive connotations are land serves as a source of livelihood and food security; it also connotes cultural identity and social symbol; land contributes to sustainable resource use and biodiversity conservation as well as traditional markets, where social relationships influence economic transactions, play a role in local economies. On the other hand, the negative impact are there is Land Tenure Insecurity – where colonial legacy, unequal land distribution, and unclear land ownership rights can lead to disputes and hinder investment in land development. In the same vein, disparities in access to land and control over resources can exacerbate poverty and inequality. Traditional land tenure systems can sometimes be a barrier to modernizing agriculture and other land-based industries. While in some cases, traditional practices may contribute to environmental degradation if not adapted to changing circumstances. Land ownership issues and traditional land use patterns can sometimes hinder infrastructure development. The devaluation of traditional knowledge and practices can lead to a loss of cultural identity and heritage.

The issue of investigation of polysemy is one of the actual problems in the linguistics. Words are realized in relation to each other (nouns in certain areas, or verbs with adjectives, nouns), and can serve to express a certain meaning. Therefore, to study the semantic nature of words, we can rely on contextual analysis, follow it as a fact of language and speech, and as a result, we can see that words have different meanings in language. Models in terms of having common-integral properties (semantic-grammatical) of the set of words in the dictionary, which creates a linguistic picture of the objective world, are grouped in certain areas in the form of subsystems, and these areas are separated from each other by different colored "borders" on the dictionary map on the basis of paradigmatic features. The set of words in each field can fall into a certain "normal" syntagmatic processing environment, which is regulated by different linguistic features. For words in the "foreign" field, any word exceeds the normal parameter of the set that enters. İts field When it falls into the normal working environment, syntactic and logical environment, the language unit acquires a new property, polysemy or poetism emerges. In the world of "reality", the world of "language" does not coincide with each other, there is no correspondence between them, so in linguistic semantic analysis the "linguistic landscape of the world" is studied.

Постановка проблемы. В статье рассматриваются типы политических метафор в российском медиадискурсе 2023-январь 2025 гг. Цель настоящего исследования заключается в выявлении типологии политических метафор в дискурсе российских СМИ. Результаты. В медиадискурсе в настоящее время преобладают обзоры политических событий и их оценки, в связи с чем в поле зрения данной статьи попали именно политические метафоры. Выделение когнитивных оснований для метафоры и классификация политических метафор в медиапубликациях российских СМИ позволили выделить 9 ключевых типов метафор, внутри некоторых из них, в свою очередь, выделяются подтипы. Выводы. Материалом исследования послужили периодические российские электронные источники с 2023 по январь 2025 гг. Методы исследования включают как общенаучные методы описания, анализа, синтеза, систематизации информации, так и лингвистические методы компонентного, интерпретативного и контекстуального анализа. В ходе исследования российского медиадискурса было выделено 9 основных типов политических метафор: социоморфная, природоморфная, зооморфная, соматическая, морбиальная, мифологическая, звуковая, гастрономическая, артефактная. В свою очередь, внутри некоторых типов метафор мы обнаружили подразделения на подтипы. Так, социоморфная метафора подразделяется на театрально-цирковую, игровую, метафору семьи; природоморфная метафора подразделяется на метафору аэроморфную, гидроморфную, пироморфную, метеорологическую. В группе зооморфных метафор выделяются маммологическая, орнитологическая и энтомологическая. Отмечается пейоративная коннотация всех выявленных метафор в российском политическом дискурсе в СМИ. Метафоры основаны на ассоциациях со стихийными бедствиями, с внушающими отвращение животными, с болезненным состоянием тела человека, со страшными фольклорными образами монстра и трикстера. Звуковая метафора содержит ассоциации с похоронным звоном. Негативная коннотация может быть выражена морфемами с уничижительным значением или сочетанием с прилагательными, означающими неприятные явления, а также с существительными, которые образуют устойчивые выражения с негативным значением. Делается вывод о том, что подобный набор пейоративных метафор накладывает негативный отпечаток на сознание и эмоции читателя. Изучение импакта в сознании читателей может быть предметом дальнейшего исследования метафор в политическом дискурсе СМИ. Statement of the problem. The article examines the types of political metaphors in Russian media discourse 2023-January 2025. The purpose of this study is to identify the typology of political metaphors in the discourse of Russian media. Results. The media discourse is currently dominated by reviews of political events and their assessments, in connection with which political metaphors are in the field of view of this article. The allocation of cognitive bases for metaphor and the classification of political metaphors in media publications of Russian media made it possible to identify 9 key types of metaphors, within some of them, in turn, subtypes are distinguished. Conclusion. The material for the study was periodical Russian electronic sources of 2023-January 2025. Research methods include both general scientific methods of description, analysis, synthesis, systematization of information, and linguistic methods of component, interpretative and contextual analysis. In the course of the study of Russian media discourse 9 main types of political metaphors were identified: sociomorphic, nature-morphic, zoomorphic, somatic, morbid, mythological, sound, gastronomic, artifactual. In turn, within some types of metaphors we have found divisions into subtypes. Thus, the sociomorphic metaphor is subdivided into theatrical and circus, game, family metaphor; the nature-morphic metaphor is subdivided into aeromorphic, hydromorphic, pyromorphic, meteorological metaphor. In the group of zoomorphic metaphors, mammological, ornithological and entomological metaphors are distinguished. Pejorative connotation of all the revealed metaphors in the Russian political discourse in the media is noted. Metaphors are based on associations with natural disasters, with disgusting animals, with a painful state of the human body, with terrible folklore images of a monster and a trickster. The sound metaphor contains associations with a funeral bell. Negative connotation can be expressed by morphemes with a derogatory meaning or by combinations with adjectives denoting unpleasant phenomena, as well as with nouns that form stable expressions with a negative meaning. It is concluded that such a set of pejorative metaphors leaves a negative imprint on the consciousness and emotions of the reader. The study of the impact in the consciousness of readers can be the subject of further research into metaphors in the political discourse of the media.

Time is one of the most important categories related to human existence. Like all abstracts, the conceptualization of time is based on certain experience structures stored in our minds. Time studies in the Lithuanian language are not new—it has been analyzed in poetry, riddles and folk songs. This article aims to analyze the anthropomorphic metaphors used in contemporary Lithuanian poetry. The study material consists of samples collected from modern poetry collections.The study shows that time in Lithuanian poetry is conceptualized as a human being, having both physical and spiritual attributes, gender, and socialization. Therefore, all the anthropomorphic metaphors can be divided into a few categories: 1. Time and the Human Body, 2. Time and Movement/Action, 3. Time and Physiology, 4. Time and Gender, 5. Time and Emotion, 6. Time and Perception, 7. Time and Power, and 8. Time and Social Relations.The study reveals that time in modern Lithuanian poetry tends to have rather negative connotations. The negative connotations are mostly related to the category of Time and Emotions, and to metaphors of the Time and Power group. Negative connotations are associated with the dark periods of time: autumn, night, evening. There are only a few positive connotations; they are related to the Time and Emotion, Time and Power and some Time and Body metaphor groups. In modern Lithuanian poetry, certain signs of opposition, reflecting ambivalence in the perception of time, are displayed: time as a powerful or powerless person, time as a creator or a destroyer, time as a man or a woman, time as a stupid or smart person, time as an enjoying or melancholic person, time as a beggar or a ruler.

Statement of the problem. This paper aims to identify the features of use and functioning of famous film quotes from Hollywood movies in the context of everyday communication, Internet communication, media discourse, TV discourse, blogs. Results. The study shows possible meanings that film quotes acquire in various contexts, identifies their functions based on their contextual semantics, and describes transformations that film quotes undergo. The main methods of research are corpus analysis, contextual analysis used along with the method of interpretation, and quantitative methods. The analysis of the contextual surrounding of quotes is carried out on the material of texts presented in the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA). Conclusion. The results of the study showed that film quotes are capable of full integration into the subject of a new text, staying connected to the original context. Film quotes establish new connections in situational contexts, have semantic variability, influence the target audience of a text, create an emotional effect. Film quotes also can be transformed by means of extension, reduction or partial replacement, while remaining recognizable. Quantitative methods of analysis allowed to calculate frequency of use of the film quotes in texts of various genres. The corpus-assisted approach provided, along with the available quick results conveniently represented, extensive, reliable, and diverse material for analysis.

The problem of loanword is one of the traditional ones in linguistic science. In the process of loanword, Polonisms were subject to adaptation at all levels of the language system. Phonetic adaptation of Polonisms involves their adaptation to the norms and laws of phonetics of the Russian language. Becoming the property of the Russian language, Polonisms acquire a Russian graphic appearance. Polonisms have undergone such semantic adaptation as narrowing, expanding and changing meanings. With grammatical adaptation, Polonisms adapt to the rules of Russian grammar and take on the grammatical meaning and grammatical features of the Russian language. As for stylistic adaptation, changes in emotional and expressive coloring and the functional consolidation of words, they are also determined by a number of extralinguistic factors: the status of the source language, established relations in the history of peoples, the perception of cultural values and their hierarchy in the system of others. The work uses a descriptive method in interpreting the material with the involvement of lexicographic sources of different genres.

In order to reduce errors and misunderstandings while overseas scholars reading Idu language in Yeonhaengrok, this paper attempts to find out and tag Idu language in Sim Yang IL Gi By Wi Jeong-cheol(1583-1657), by using MARKUS, a Fundamental Semi- automatic Markup Platform developed by Professor Hilde De Weerdt of Leiden University and Professor Hou Ieong HO. The Idu language in Yeonhaengrok mainly appears in the Jangge Document that reported to the king of Joseon. There are three Yeonhaengrok with the largest proportion of Idu language, like Wi Jeong-cheol(魏廷喆)'s Sim Yang IL Gi, Sim Yang Jang Ge, Sim Ｇwan Ｒok. And three Yeonhaengrok with Jangge Document inserted or appended as an appendix, like Sim Yang Jil Gwan Dong Haing Rok(1637), Yeon Haeng Il Gi(1849), and Hong Jong-Yeong(洪鍾永)'s Yeon Haeng Rok(1890). This paper focuses on the Wi Jeong-cheol(魏廷喆)'s Sim Yang IL Gi, try to summarize the reading and meaning of Idu language in this book, and makes a list of Idu language's grammatical meanings and translations. After pasting Sim Yang IL Gi into Markus, Chinese personal names, place names, years, and official titles will be automatically tagged. Then we need to typing the Keywords, it's mean Idu language that will be tagged, after that Idu language with the same meaning will be tagged with the same color and the Chinese translation will appear next to them. Even overseas scholars don't know the Idu language well, they can use Marukus to read the Yeonhaengrok without any difficulty. I hope this paper will be helpful to build a Idu language tagging and translation system in the future.

This article deals with the lexical-semantic group of verbs that denote light in Russian and French. The authors compared their lexical-semantic classifications, characteristics, and grammatical parameters. The research involved the method of continuous sampling, lexical systematization, and component analysis. The paper introduces lexical-semantic subgroups of Russian and French verbs of light with their nucleus and periphery. A comparative analysis revealed some aspectual differences: Russian and French demonstrated different means of expressing some meanings and modes of action. The Russian language is synthetic and expresses these meanings lexematically. In the French language, which is analytical, these grammatical meanings do not always find their expression at the level of a single lexeme. The context and tense forms appeared to play an important role, and the verbs of light proved to be more numerous in Russian than in French. Despite the differences, the proposed classification of verbs of light turned out to be universal for both languages.

The article presents the analysis and description of the Kazakh and common Turkic symbol Kokbori (Heavenly Wolf) - the mythological foremother of all Turkic peoples based on the material of Suyunbay Aronov's poem "Burili menin bairakym" (My battle flag with the image of a wolf) using some other historical and literary sources. According to the content of the myth, the enemies decided to destroy the Turkic tribe (people). One boy, wounded, exhausted, went unnoticed, covered in ash in the steppe furnace. The Heavenly Wolf (Kokborі) took the boy and fed him. Enemies found the boy and killed him. Kokbori managed to give birth to 10 sons from him. Thus, the Turkic people stayed alive and spread throughout the world.In Suyunbai's poetry, the image of Kokbori (wolf's head) was used on the Turkic battle flag, which corresponds to historical reality. The Turks fought with this flag, made campaigns, defended themselves and conquered new territories. The image of Kokbori and the flag with the image of a wolf's head raised the spirit of the Turks, aroused the instinct of a warrior in them, prepared them for heroism, fearlessness, and freedom.The poem contains a large number of stylistic figures, tropes, anaphores. The last quatrain of the poem consists of 4 lines and 12 words. It includes alliterations created with the repetition of sound B (6 times), sound R (8 times), sound M (4 times), etc .; assonances created by the repetition of vowel sounds: A (8 times), Ӛ (4 times), E (5 times), etc.In the stanza, stylistic figures and tropes are used both explicitly and implicitly. In the works on the history of the Tyrks, symbol Kokbori is translated into Russian as a green she-wolf or a blue she-wolf, or a blue she-wolf (Klyashtorny S.G., Sultanov T.I., etc.), which does not correspond to the historical reality and the meaning of the word kok (sky) in the Turkic languages. Kokborі is the Heavenly Wolf who came from the sky.The word kӛk in the Kazakh language (and in other Turkic languages) means the sky. The meaning of the color came later, based on the association with the blue sky. At present, the high[1]frequency word aspan (sky) is borrowed from Farsi and came to the Turkic languages much later than the original Turkic word kӛk (sky). The article provides a comparative analysis of the symbol wolf (bӛri, Kasyr) in Kazakh (Turkic) mythology with the symbol wolf in the mythology of some other ancient and modern peoples. Within the Kazakh mentality, there are 3 wolves: 1) Kokbori (Heavenly Wolf) - the foremother of all Turkic peoples. She is one only and has its own name. It is written with an uppercase letter; 2) bӛri (wolf) - written with a lowercase letter. This word, on the one hand, connects the consciousness of a Kazakh with Kokbori (positive connotation), on the other hand, with a predator – a wolf (negative connotation). The second is dominant; 3) қасқыр, i.e. bӛri (wolf) is written with a lowercase letter. Negative symbol: predator, exterminator of domestic and wild animals. But at the same time, there is also a positive connotation – fearlessness, freedom. There are many wolves. Kokbori (Heavenly Wolf) is one. In the course of scientific research, several methods of linguistic analysis were used (comparative, contrasting minimal pairs, semantic-stylistic, etc.).

Les programmes de pairs aidants en santé mentale en France : état de situation et difficultés de mise en place

Farmland in Europe is subject to competition on its use, control and function, on both its tangible and intangible determinants. As a result of farmers’ retirement, change of jobs, or farm bankruptcy, an ongoing trend of land concentration due to acquisitions within the primary sector is occurring across Europe. In a country like Italy, trends in land values are conditioned by the land’s potential: on the one hand, the land market is stagnant in inner and so-called marginal areas with low and stable land prices; on the other hand, there is an upward trend in land prices in fertile plains and in economically dynamic territories, also considering alternative land uses. The desk-based analysis framed the information acquired from primary sources. The study scrutinised policy documents, mass media articles and online news pertinent to land access and urban agriculture in Rome, including internal social organisation documents and press releases.