소매업체의 멀티채널 전략을 위한 QR코드 활용의 탐색적 연구

This research analyses consumer perceptions of using QR Codes in promotional activities and digital payments implemented at Rumah Makan Surya Rezeki "Tahu Gimbal" Tlogosari-Semarang. The research method used is descriptive quantitative with a questionnaire analysis approach given to consumers who have completed transactions at the restaurant. The result of this research is a change in how restaurants serve consumers with the introduction of QR Code technology as an alternative to provide information on the available menu items along with their prices and enable digital payments. The QR Code information provided is sufficient when printed as an image, and consumers focus their smartphone camera on scanning it until it connects to the needed information. The implementation of QR codes impacts the improvement of customer service through more straightforward, faster, and safer service. The obstacles encountered in implementing this QR code technology are unstable network access, which causes the application communication to malfunction, and many consumers still do not understand how to use the QR code.

Chicken and egg food traceability system based on NFC and QR code technology was designed. The traceability system registers and uploads the information of raised chickens through the chicken foot ring embedded with NFC tag. The system generates egg QR code according to the registered information and prints it on the eggs corresponding to the raised chickens. It is used for consumer users to scan and query the relevant information of the eggs and the raised chickens, including the breeding address, breeder and breeding record of the raised chickens. The system is designed based on the classic three-layer mode of the Internet of things and the B / S architecture. The system mainly realizes the traceability of chickens through NFC tags and eggs through QR codes. It has high stability and great application and promotion value.

Quick Response codes, or QR codes, are already commonplace in our daily lives. We can use them to scan products in stores, visit websites, and pay using mobile apps. Although the majority of people often engage with QR codes, very few are fully aware of the underlying mathematics. The mathematical concepts underlying QR codes are examined in detail in this paper, along with the patterns, algorithms, and data storage systems that enable them. QR codes are two-dimensional barcodes that store information in a matrix format. It was intended to scan data quickly and reliably, making it ideal for mobile applications. QR codes, unlike standard one-dimensional barcodes, can hold data horizontally and vertically. This capability enables QR codes to store substantially more data than regular barcodes. A QR code stores data as a pattern of black and white squares, each encoding a binary value (1 or 0). These patterns are organized in a grid arrangement, with three huge squares at the corners to help the scanner establish the code's direction. The remaining grid holds the actual data, which is encoded as tiny squares. The mathematics underlying QR codes include the use of several techniques for error correction, encoding, and compression, ensuring that data is stored effectively and retrievable even if the code is broken or hidden.

This study aims to estimate the factors determining the perceived behavioral Intention to use the QR code on a smartphone in the commuter line tap-in tap-out ticketing process as an alternative payment. The rapid growth of information technology in the last two decades had become a factor that encouraged individuals and groups to utilize information technology from devices or technological tools as effectively and efficiently as possible to facilitate the activities and business processes being carried out. This research used the probability sampling technique with a random sampling of 100 commuter line passengers. In addition, this research used the data analysis technique of the Structural Equation Model-SmartPLS3.0. The results indicated that perceived compatibility and enjoyment significantly affected the perceived ease of use and usefulness in the consumer's behavioral Intention to use QR Code technology on smartphones as a substitution for purchasing commuter train tickets. However, the three other variables, perceived convenience, self-efficacy, and enjoyment, do not significantly influence the usefulness of using QR Code Technology on smartphones as an alternative for purchasing commuter tickets, and neither do the technological knowledge and perceived compatibility.

This research paper concentrates on the concept of Digital Authentication using QR Code in Digital Education System. This paper aimed to provide a better solution to the Digital Security. There are two challenges of the work i.e. first one is to explore the usability of QR Code in general life and second is to incorporate QR Code technology with an educational document for security to avoid duplicity. The literature review is done to synthesis digital encoding and decoding technique as well as basics of Bar Code and QR Code. The implementation of QRC (Quick Response Code) for verification is presented where web environment, programming logics, and URL embedding are discussed. The result analysis and testing of experiment are done in the sense to get best quality of QR Code though the information embedded should not affected and the QR Code must easily be decoded the embedded information from common tools. The goal of this research paper is to explore and analyze the best image under the testing of Error Correction Level and Matrix Point Size parameters by calculating the PSNR and MSE values for QR Code images with different image file format (PNG and JPG). The calculated values are compared and the final conclusion of the work found which state that the PNG image with Error Correction Level-L and Matrix Point Size 1 are the best to generate quality QR Code. The testing and result are presented which state that the QR Code is the best way to compose the identical information of any entity to quickly figure out the originality.

Sensory Gardens are considered non-formal learning environments, however, they are not used as a methodological alternative for teaching in Brazil. The installation of the QR Code in a Sensory Garden is innovative and the link to in a non-formal learning environment can attract and retain student’s attention. Our study tested the hypothesis that Public School students between the ages of 13 and 15 years old are not stimulated by subjects taught in the area of botany when exposed to non-formal learning environments. The study selected 23 students, divided into two teams, in which one obtained access to the Sensory Garden and the other team was restricted to the content addressed in the formal learning environment. ‘Diagnostic questionnaires’ were applied to assess botanical knowledge, before and after the activity, comparing results between teams. From the data obtained, it was possible to prove the effectiveness of the Sensory Garden in the student’s botanical learning process. Our results indicate that the use of QR Code technology contributed to students’ improvement and interest in botany, while arousing curiosity and enthusiasm to observe, in loco, the content previously covered in the classroom. In assessing botanical knowledge among participants, this study reported that students attending the Sensory Garden showed better performance compared to students who did not attend the Sensory Garden. Therefore, we reject the hypothesis tested and accept that the Sensory Garden using QR Code was relevant and contributed as a study tool for 13 to 15 years old students from Public High-schools.

Malaysia Chinese Muslim Associate (MACMA), is an organization that manage the Chinese Muslim community in Malaysia. As one part of MACMA Malaysia, MACMA Negeri Sembilan has the responsibility to manage event and monitor each of their members in the state. However, there are challenges and problems due to the current situation as only two persons involve in the management and administration of the organization. Thus, MACMA membership Management System is developed to manage the organization with more convenient and systematic way. The proposed web based system is equipped with QR Code technology. The QR Code generator was used to record the member attendance in every event organized by MACMA. This system also has plug and play capabilities to ease its implementation. The test result shows that all requirements were fulfilled and the system functioning as expected. Thus, it is hoped that the system can be beneficial and might be implemented to help in the management of other MACMA organization in the other states in Malaysia.

This paper puts forward a scheme to construct a new public transport payment method by combining IC card, NFC and QR code based on the application of NFC technology and QR code technology. An APP is programmed and designed to aggregate different payment ports on one platform, which solves the problem of accumulative discount of single payment platform and provides more comprehensive and affordable payment service. This paper builds the payment platform by programming language and database and carries on the function test by simulation method. The platform integrates today's multiple payment methods, allowing passengers to choose the payment method that suits them. By accumulating the consumption amount together, it is easier to reach the discount standard and get the discount. Thus, it solves the problem that the accumulative discount cannot be carried out in current single public transport payment method.

COVID-19 has created the worst crisis for businesses worldwide, particularly in the education and learning industries. During the Covid-19 pandemic, most learning institutions will have to use the digital environment to communicate knowledge and skills to their learners. E-Learning Management System is used to share learning resources in form of digital documents for the teaching and learning process. However, digital documents are vulnerable to unlawful reproduction and distribution. Thus, it is necessary to safeguard and establish document ownership. Based on this reason, this paper proposes a mechanism to safeguard and confirm ownership of documents using the steganography technique embedded in QR code technology. The main objective of this study is to design and implement a mechanism that can securely embed ownership and acquisition information into digital documents. The scope of this study is limited to embedding and verifying ownership information; it does not address broader cybersecurity controls such as full document encryption or digital rights management. In the proposed mechanism, information related to the documents such as the owner and the person who acquired the document is concealed using the steganography technique and embedded in QR Code. A prototype is developed and tested based on the criteria of completeness, usability, and imperceptibility parameters to verify the effectiveness of the mechanism. The result indicates that the proposed mechanism can confirm the ownership and protect the documents from any misused activities such as being distributed on a public platform without the owner’s consent.

Rapid technological developments provide benefits for library management. One of them is the application of automatic identifiers in library management, through RFID and QR Code implementation. Some problems that are faced by libraries at the moment, include the lack of guarantees for the safety management of books in the library, lack of services human resources library management, and book availability information has not been accurate. This research conducts the development of a library management information system to solve the problems by using automatic identifiers utilizing Near Field Communication and QR Code technology. The implementation scenario is each library member has the NFC Card and their personal information stored in the NFC card, also each book in the library is put with a QR Code label containing book code information. Transaction of book loan and book return are done by initially tapping NFC Card to record visitor returned or borrow the book and then continue to scanning QR Code label of each book borrowed or returned. In the final stage, the application tested by tapping the NFC card (RFID) on the reader/writer device, and it found the NFC Card could be read or record data from the device at a maximum of 7 cm, while testing phase conducted QR Code label could be read at a maximum distance of 40 centimeters from the device. Implementing automatic identifier help to manage transaction in library more accurate, improve services and provide added value for the library.

Despite a good enough degree so traditional printed maps, however you can still find new ways to increase information card capacity and thus partially resolve the existing contradiction between the clarity and readability of the maps. One such way is to use QR code technology. The article describes the basic features of QR codes, to ensure that the interest in this technology. The research identified a number of advantages of using QR codes when creating traditional cards. Technology research with the use of QR codes in cartography has both scientific and practical value in terms of creating traditional cards for various content and destination.

The web-based e-Attendance system with QR Code at SMK Negeri 2 Cimahi enhances student attendance monitoring digitally. By integrating QR Code technology, students easily record their attendance by scanning a QR Code on the attendance page. The system’s key advantage is automatic attendance recording, providing real-time access for teachers and administrative staff. The user-friendly interface ensures accurate monitoring and efficient data management, minimizing errors and offering a precise understanding of student attendance. The implementation of QR Code technology has improved administrative efficiency and reduced errors, leading to better insights into student attendance. Data analysis enables teachers to take appropriate actions to enhance student engagement, fostering a more responsive learning environment. Overall, the e-Attendance system significantly optimizes student attendance management in the digital era.

This research aims to implement QR code technology in an Android-based futsal field rental system. The development method used is an Android-based software development method (Mobile Apps Development). QR codes are used as a medium for user identification and verification when ordering a futsal field. This system is designed to make it easier for users to make field reservations quickly and efficiently. Users can make orders via the Android application by scanning the QR code available at the futsal field location. The implementation results show that using QR codes can speed up the reservation process and reduce the possibility of data input errors. Apart from that, using this system can also improve the user experience in ordering futsal fields. It is hoped that the implementation of QR codes in this system can increase efficiency and convenience in the overall futsal field ordering process.

This paper proposes an approach to produce high-quality visual QR codes introducing the concept of function icons (FI)—images embedded into QR code. FI design resembled abstract symbols, like identifiable and memorable smartphone app icons or logos. The embedding visually points to the function of a QR code and therefore is more attractive to the end-user than the traditional QR code. Also, the FI perceptual simplicity increases users’ navigation and accessibility over different media. For optimization, the proposed FI design was altered by pixel size, color, and luminance modification, without affecting the decoding reliably. The contrast between dark and light modules of the FI color tone was determined to a minimum of 70% to enable the code reader’s conversion of the image to grayscale and then segmentation it into black and white pixels. The eye-tracking research on QR codes with implemented icons confirmed the subjective attractiveness evaluation. The technical quality of the proposed design was verified with a QR code readability test. Since more than 95% of examinees successfully recognized the content behind a QR code before scanning and evaluated the design as more attractive than a traditional solution, we demonstrated that our approach produces high-quality results for a variety of FI designs.

The introduction of QR-based e-payment systems to the Canadian market have created a sub-set of Canadian digital finance that has been dominated by the existing credit-based system. In an increasingly digital world, the QR-code has become a rapidly popular mode of facilitating merchant to customer payments. China has been the dominant producer of QR-code payment systems, with two of the largest e-payment companies worldwide: AliPay and WeChatPay. Partnerships with Canadian companies have introduced the technology to Canadian businesses. This research makes preliminary strides in understanding how this technology presents itself in Canadian commerce. The current presence in large cities demonstrates the demand for QR-based fintech, but the nature of the existing AliPay and WeChatPay markets are closed to non-citizens of the People’s Republic of China. If QR-Code technology is the future of Canadian fintech, local counterparts must be produced in order to establish a widespread presence of QR-Code fintech in Canada.