Formal Modeling and Analysis of Timed Systems

To cope with large data sets, distributed data stores partition their data across servers. However, real-world systems usually do not provide useful transactional semantics for operations accessing multiple partitions due to the delays involved in achieving multi-partition consistency. Read Atomic Multi-Partition (RAMP) transactions have recently been proposed as efficient light-weight multi-partition transactions that guarantee read atomicity: either all updates or no updates of a transaction are visible to other transactions. In this paper we formalize RAMP transactions in rewriting logic and perform model checking verification of key properties using the Maude tool. In particular, we develop detailed formal models---and formally analyze---a number of extensions and optimizations of RAMP that are only briefly mentioned by the RAMP developers.

In order to develop reliable software and systems, we depend on practical techniques for the construction and analysis of such software and systems. This special issue of Software Tools for Technology Transfer presents various tool-supported techniques that can help with the construction and analysis of such reliable software and systems. The papers in this special issue are extended versions of selected conference papers from the proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems (TACAS 2018).

FORMAL FAILURE MODELS

Formal Modeling and Analysis of Timed Systems

Formal Modeling and Analysis of Timed Systems

Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Modularity

This paper describes the application of Real-Time Maude to the formal modeling, simulation, and model checking analysis of the NORM multicast protocol standard being developed by the Internet Engineering Task Force. Because of its size and sophistication, real-time features, and the need to model and analyze subcomponents of NORM both in isolation and in combination, NORM poses a set of challenging problems for its formal specification and analysis. Our formal modeling and analysis efforts made us aware of ambiguities, inconsistencies, and cases of under-specification in the informal specification of NORM. Our work indicates that formal methods can successfully be applied by non-experts during the development of advanced Internet protocol standards.

Considering the real task of modern calculations of strength, reliability and durability of a system (or its components) is an actual and important means to achieve many advantages: (a) more precise calculations of the strength, leading to more accurate dimensions (in general—lower) of the product which in turn causes other cost advantages: lower manufacturing cost and lower operational energy costs; (b) a good assessment of the reliability and durability of the product; (c) as a result a better planned and predictive maintenance. The research in field remains open today because the literature does not provide accurate indications regarding: (a) consideration of real loading in calculations, (b) measuring, processing and interpretation of experimental data to develop models of loading. Research objectives in this field were developed to a good investment programming to modernize or rehabilitate a vibrating screen (1,000 … 1,200 t/h) integrated in cement fabrication flow sheet. Measurements of un-modulated real loadings on one of the lateral case wall of the vibrating screen were made. A measuring methodology procedure and an appropriate measuring chain proposed previously by authors (Dobre et al., On the methods to measure the real loading at mechanical systems. In: The 7th international conference research and development of mechanical elements and systems—IRMES, Nis, Serbia, pp 395–400, 2011). The measurement chain was configured by high performance components with relative low costs (strain gauge signal amplifier, acquisition card, computer with large memory, high frequency processor, etc.). The experimental data are counted after this measurement and mean-amplitude frequency matrix is obtained. The loading spectrum for different stages and conditions of operating resulted. Finally conclusions about the main approaches and results of the paper are noted. The processing methodology of the experimental data could be extended to the entire structure of the cement equipment. The paper continues previous researches developed by the Romanian school in this area (Dobre et al., On the Real loading modelling of the mechanical systems. Fiabilitate şi Durabilitate/Fiability and Durability, Nr 1, pp 1–6, Editura Academică Brâncuşi, Târgu Jiu, ISSN 1844-640X, 2010), (Mirică et al., On the theoretical-experimental modeling of loading of the mechanical transmissions. In: Proceedings of 3rd international conference on power transmissions, Kallithea—Chalkidiki, Greece, pp 291–296, ISBN 978-960-242-662-2, 2009), (Dobre et al., On the loading modeling of the mechanical systems. In: The 13th international conference on machine design and production, 03–05 Sep 2008, Istanbul, Turkey, vol II, pp 417–480, 2008).KeywordsMeasuring ChainReal LoadingHigh Amplitude OscillationIdle RunningRotary DriveThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

Theory-Guided Machine Learning Finds Geometric Structure-Property Relationships for Chemisorption on Subsurface Alloys

MEMOCODE brings together researchers and practitioners interested in formal methods for system design and development to exchange research results and lessons learned. The conference focuses on the foundations and applications of formal methods in the development of hardware, firmware, middleware, and application software for systems ranging from single embedded devices to highly networked cyber-physical systems and the Internet of Things.

We are very happy to present the proceedings of the 4th Augmented Human International Conference (Augmented Human 2013). Augmented Human 2013 focuses on augmenting human capabilities through technology for increased well-being and enjoyable human experience. The conference is in cooperation with ACM SIGCHI, with its proceedings to be archived in ACM's Digital Library. With technological advances, computing has progressively moved beyond the desktop into new physical and social contexts. As physical artifacts gain new computational behaviors, they become reprogrammable, customizable, repurposable, and interoperable in rich ecologies and diverse contexts. They also become more complex, and require intense design effort in order to be functional, usable, and enjoyable. Designing such systems requires interdisciplinary thinking. Their creation must not only encompass software, electronics, and mechanics, but also the system's physical form and behavior, its social and physical milieu, and beyond.

Proceedings of International Conference on Social Sciences is a peer-reviewed, open access proceedings which aims to disseminate knowledge on the field of Social Sciences to the readers by publishing original research and reviews in the related field. The scope includes issues in Social Issues, Cross Cultural Studies, Globalization, Development Studies, Psychology and philosophy, Demographic Studies and many other current issues in Social Sciences around the globe.

The paper examined the problem of modeling and design of software computer systems. The article briefly describes the content aspects of the various stages of the implementation of software complexes and systems. The methodology of research and analysis of systems, which uses the method of computer simulation modeling, is given. The aim of the work is to create a new universal approach to the design and implementation of software systems of various levels of complexity. During the study, the following general scientific methods were used: system analysis, synthesis, formalization, modeling, decomposition, structuring, description, comparison. The materials used in the study were: computers and software development tools. As a result of the study proposed a universal agent-module approach to the design and implementation of software systems based on simulation agent-based modeling. The study presents the processes of modeling and designing software systems, their stages, and the possibility of their integration within the described approach. Examples of formal model and structure of the software system under design based on the agent-module approach are presented. The proposed approach can be used in the process of software development at the initial stages related to modeling and designing of software systems. Integration of modeling and design stages in the proposed approach will significantly reduce software development time and simplify the design process by making it clearer and more formalized. Materials of the article are of scientific and practical value for a wide range of specialists interested in system analysis, modeling, design and implementation of software systems.

Formal Techniques, Modelling and Analysis of Timed and Fault-Tolerant Systems

A model checker is an automatic tool that traverses a specific structure (normally a Kripke structure referred as the modelM) to check the satisfaction of some (temporal) logical propertyf. This is formally stated asM⊧f. For some formal notations, the modelMof a specificationS(written in a formal languageL) can be described as a labelled transition system (LTS). Specifically, it is not clear in general how usual tools such as SPIN, FDR, PAT, etc., create the LTS representation from a given process. Although one expects the coherence of the LTS generation with the semantics ofL, it is completely hidden inside the model checker itself. In this paper we show how to create a model checker forL, using a development approach based on its operational semantics. We use a systematic semantics embedding and the formal modeling using logic programming and analysis (FORMULA) framework to this end. We illustrate our strategy considering the formal language COMPASS modelling language (CML)—a new language that was based on CSP, VDM and the refinement calculus proposed for modelling and analysis of systems of systems. As FORMULA is based on satisfiability modulo theories solving, our model checker can handle communications and predicates involving data with infinite domains by building and manipulating a symbolic LTS. This goes beyond the capabilities of traditional CSP model checkers such as FDR and PAT. Moreover, we show how to reduce time and space complexities by simple semantic modifications in the embedding. This allows a more semantics-preserving tuning. Finally, we show a real implementation of our model checker in an integrated development platform for CML and its practical use on an industrial case study.