The Pions Graphics System

A Spatial Data Structure for the 3D Graphical Facility Management System

To process enormous 3D data, we have designed a VLIW (Very Long Instruction Word) processor called FLOVA (Floating-Point VLIW Architecture) exploiting the ILP (Instruction-Level Parallelism) in 3D programs. This paper presents FGA (FLOVA Geometry Accelerator) that is the 3D graphics system and it almost removes the time required to process in the geometry stage. We have developed the 3D graphics library, FGA-GL, to supports the FGA system. The deferred primitive rendering algorithm of FGA-GL enables the geometry processing of the primitive data to be done concurrently with the host job such as primitive data management or game play. FGA improves the average performance of 3D graphics system by 2.5-3.0.

In this paper, an attempt is made to develop a bridge management system that can provide practical maintenance plans by using a multiple objective genetic algorithm. In order to find out several useful solutions from a set of Pareto solutions, a 3D graphical system is developed by using JAVA techniques.

Many tools have been developed to visualize protein and molecular structures. Most high quality protein visualization tools use the OpenGL graphics library as a 3D graphics system. Currently, the performance of recent 3D graphics hardware has rapidly improved. Recent high-performance 3D graphics hardware support Microsoft Direct3D graphics library more than OpenGL and have become very popular in personal computers (PCs). In this paper, a molecular visualization system termed ProteinVista is proposed. ProteinVista is well-designed visualization system using the Microsoft Direct3D graphics library. It provides various visualization styles such as the wireframe, stick, ball and stick, space fill, ribbon, and surface model styles, in addition to display options for 3D visualization. As ProteinVista is optimized for recent 3D graphics hardware platforms and because it uses a geometry instancing technique, its rendering speed is 2.7 times faster compared to other visualization tools.

In this paper, we study the pole assignment problem for 3D systems. We transform the denominator of transfer functions of the closed-loop system into the product of three stable 1D polynomials, by performing 2D dynamical feedback and input transformation on the given 3D systems. Next, we consider the possibility that these 2D dynamic compensators are realizable thoroughly, and propose the counter-measure in a case that they are not realizable. We also obtain the conditions so that the closed-loop 3D systems are stable. Moreover, we calculate the dynamical dimension which is necessary for the pole assignment, and suggest a pole assignment method with the lowest dynamical dimension. >

This paper presents an implemented system which allows one to run a fleet of autonomous mobile robots in a route network with a very limited centralized activity. The robots are provided with all the necessary ingredients for planning and executing navigation missions in a multi-robot context. Multi-robot cooperation is based on a generic paradigm called plan-merging paradigm, where robots incrementally merge their plans into a set of already coordinated plans. The robot architecture is derived from the generic architecture developed at LAAS. A 3D graphic environment system allows one to display a complete system composed of a dozen (or more) robots, each running on an independent workstation. An example is presented together with numerical results on the system behavior.

This paper presents the development of a 3-D computer graphics software for displaying wellbore trajectories. The software is designed for use with PC microcomputer operating under MICROSOFT WINDOWS™ environment. Examples of the software application are given in two important areas of directional drilling: 1) avoidance of wellbore collisions and 2) planning and drilling monitoring of relief wells. First, the paper presents the basic theory behind the computer graphics techniques used for developing the computer software. Second, it presents the display modes and important features provided by the system that includes 2-D and 3-D views of wellbore trajectories with ability of rotation, zoom-in and zoom-out, and display of uncertainty ellipses. These features are very helpful in planning and monitoring wellbore trajectories. Also, these capabilities allow the software to be used as a powerful training tool. The last part of the paper illustrates the application of this graphic system in planning and monitoring: 1) directional drilling in high density well areas such as offshore platforms in order to avoid wellbore collision; and 2) the relief well drilling to assist in the approaching procedure between relief and blowing wells and the use of ranging tools.

This paper describes a (special-purpose) logic simulation processor (SP) and a software system for the SP for use in verifying the design of computers and other logic devices. Our system can evaluate a logic circuit containing 4 million logic primitives and 32M bytes of memory at a maximum speed of 800 million active primitive evaluations per second.This paper outlines the hardware architecture, then discusses a software system that optimizes hardware performance. It presents the results of system use and evaluates the system.

고중복도 비디오카메라 영상을 이용하여 GPS/INS 및 지상기준점 자료 없이 제작되는 자유 입체 모자이크 영상은 기준 프레임 영상의 3차원 모델좌표계로 표현되는 상호표정요소를 이용하여 제작될 수 있다. 이와같이 제작된 자유 입체 모자이크 영상으로부터 결정되는 3차원 좌표는 3차원 모델좌표계로 나타내게 된다. 따라서 자유 입체 모자이크 영상을 이용하여 절대좌표를 결정하기 위해서는 모델좌표계를 절대좌표계로 변환하기 위한 방법이 필요하다. 일반적으로 서로 다른 두 개의 3차원 직각 좌표계간의 좌표변환은 3차원 상사변환(similarity transformation)이 사용된다. 하지만 자유 입체 모자이크 영상의 3차원 모델좌표는 원점으로부터 떨어질수록 오차가 누적되어 선형변환을 이용한 좌표변환을 수행하기 어렵다. 따라서 이러한 자유 입체 모자이크 영상의 모델좌표를 절대좌표로 변환하기 위한 3차원 비선형 변환 방법이 필요하다. 또한 절대좌표계로 표현된 수치지도와 입체 모자이크 영상을 중첩하여 사용하기 위해서는 자유 입체 모자이크 영상을 실좌표 입체 모자이크 영상으로 변환하기 위한 방법이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 자유 입체 모자이크 영상의 3차원 모델좌표를 3차원 절대좌표로 변환하기 위한 3차원 비선형 변환 방법과 이 방법을 기반으로 자유 입체 모자이크 영상을 실좌표 입체 모자이크 영상으로 제작하기 위한 2차원 비선형 변환방법을 제안하였다. The free-stereo mosaics image without GPS/INS and ground control data can be generated by using relative orientation parameters on the 3D model coordinate system. Its origin is located in one reference frame image. A 3D coordinate calculated by conjugate points on the free-stereo mosaic images is represented on the 3D model coordinate system. For determining 3D coordinate on the 3D absolute coordinate system utilizing conjugate points on the free-stereo mosaic images, transformation methodology is required for transforming 3D model coordinate into 3D absolute coordinate. Generally, the 3D similarity transformation is used for transforming each other 3D coordinates. Error of 3D model coordinates used in the free-stereo mosaic images is non-linearly increased according to distance from 3D model coordinate and origin point. For this reason, 3D model coordinates used in the free-stereo mosaic images are difficult to transform into 3D absolute coordinates by using linear transformation. Therefore, methodology for transforming nonlinear 3D model coordinate into 3D absolute coordinate is needed. Also methodology for resampling the free-stereo mosaic image to the geo-stereo mosaic image is needed for overlapping digital map on absolute coordinate and stereo mosaic images. In this paper, we propose a 3D non-linear transformation for converting 3D model coordinate in the free-stereo mosaic image to 3D absolute coordinate, and a 2D non-linear transformation based on 3D non-linear transformation converting the free-stereo mosaic image to the geo-stereo mosaic image.

Enhancing marine oil spill detection through dynamic adaptive knowledge distillation with spectral mask superpixel.

Conventional interactive 3D tree modeling systems are generally based on 2D input devices, and it's not convenient to generate desired 3D tree shape from 2D inputs due to the complexity of 3D tree structures. In this paper, we present a system for modeling trees interactively using a 3D gesture-based VR platform. The system contains a head-mounted display (HMD) and a 6-DOF motion controller for interaction. We propose an improved procedural modeling method to generate trees faster for VR platform. Using the 6-DOF motion controller, users can manipulate tree structures by a set of 3D interactive operations, including geometric editing using 3D gestures, sketching, brushing and silhouette-guided growth. Our interactions are more flexible and convenient than using traditional 2D input devices, e.g., we allow the user to simultaneously rotate and translate parts of a tree using a 3D gesture.

The ability to specify nonplanar 3D curves is of fundamental importance in 3D modeling and animation systems. Effective techniques for specifying such curves using 2D input devices are desirable, but existing methods typically require the user to edit the curve from several viewpoints. We present a novel method for specifying 3D curves with 2D input from a single viewpoint. The user rst draws the curve as it appears from the current viewpoint, and then draws its shadow on the oor plane. The system correlates the curve with its shadow to compute the curve's 3D shape. This method is more natural than existing methods in that it leverages skills that many artists and designers have developed from work with pencil and paper.

A mechanism is presented for direct manipulation of 3D objects with a conventional 2D input device, such as a mouse. The user can define and modify a model by graphical interaction on a 3D perspective or parallel projection. A gestural interface technique enables the specification of 3D transformations (translation, rotation and scaling) by 2D pick and drag operations. Interaction is not restricted to single objects but can be applied to compound objects as well. The method described in this paper is an easy‐to‐understand 3D input technique which does not require any special hardware and is compatible with the designer's mental model of object manipulation.

Application of CAD Modeling for Information Enhancement in Experimental Flow Pattern Studies

This paper describes an advanced technique in hardware and software for the intermixed display of refresh and storage graphics. Traditional storage tube terminals have the advantage of low cost coupled with the ability to display large amounts of high resolution graphic information, but do not provide for dynamic motion and transformation of a displayed image. High resolution, high density refreshed displays tend to be expensive. Combining both refresh and storage graphics on the same display allows pictures to be segregated into static and dynamic areas to achieve the desired results at reduced cost. The hardware and system software to make this marriage of refresh and storage graphics work effectively for interactive computer graphics is described.