МЕХАНІЗМИ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ІМПЛЕМЕНТАЦІЇ МІЖНАРОДНИХ ПРАКТИК РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ РИНКУ ЛОГІСТИЧНИХ ПОСЛУГ В УКРАЇНІ В КОНТЕКСТІ ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКОЇ ІНТЕГРАЦІЇ

Internet of Things (IoT) is becoming a technology of great importance in the current era of the international economy development, with essential impact on all the social systems. Logistics is a sector undergoing deep innovation-driven change in the latest decades. It was information and communication technologies (ICT) that greatly contributed in the growth of the logistics market. These ICT-specific innovations allow connected logistics services to generate big scopes of data and diverse information that can be stored and analyzed with high accuracy. On account of this, market analysts believe that IoT is capable to trigger radical change the way of supply chains, and predict the average nearly 30 per cent annual increase of the global logistics market after 2020. This raises the importance of analyses of various dimensions of IoT technology impact on the expansion of the transport and logistics services market. The definition of the notion “Internet of Things” is given, with emphasizing its significance for the modern economy. The IoT contributions in enhancing the market effectiveness of the transport and logistics services market are highlighted. Statistical data on the perspectives of IoT technology applications in transport and logistics services are analyzed, showing that transport logistics is an industry leader by IoT spending; essential advantages created by IoT in the transport and logistics services are highlighted. Cases of effective use of IoT at company level worldwide are given, to confirm that transport and logistics is one of the most promising sectors for implementation of IoT.

Introduction. The high-tech market is changing dynamically, driven by both domestic economic transformations and global technological trends. Active digitalization, the development of the IT sector, and growing demand for innovative solutions in industry, medicine, and energy are contributing to a competitive environment. At the same time, the challenges faced by Ukraine due to the full-scale war, strengthening of European integration trends, attraction of investments and strengthening of export potential require intensification of the development of high-tech production to meet the needs of the domestic market and integration into global value chains. The article analyses the main trends affecting this market and outlines the ways to stimulate its development in Ukraine. Materials and methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the article includes the scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists, methods of general scientific methods: abstract and logical, induction and deduction, systematic approach, analysis and synthesis, as well as special research methods: statistical comparisons, grouping, expert assessments in substantiating the directions of promoting the development of high-tech products markets. The purpose of the article is determining methodological approaches to assessing the level of technological sophistication of economic activity, identifying trends in the development of the high-tech market in Ukraine and justifying regulatory decisions to support and stimulate it. Results and discussion. The article considers methodological approaches developed by international economic organizations to determine the level of technological sophistication of economic activity, in particular, the Eurostat methodology (sectoral, product and patent); the OECD industry classification; the NAICS methodology, which allowed to define a high-tech industry list. Based on the analysis of leading international rankings, comparative analysis of the dynamics of high-tech exports in different countries of the world, it is determined that Ukraine is lagging behind the technological leaders and European neighboring countries in terms of technological exports. The author substantiates the factors that limit the ability of the Ukrainian economy to fully realize the potential of the high-tech market, namely military risks; low competitiveness of high-tech products; limited access to investment; reduced export potential; low investment attractiveness; lack of highly qualified personnel, etc. Conclusions. The development of high-tech markets is a key factor in increasing the competitiveness of Ukraine's economy and its integration into the global market. Despite the growing demand for high-tech products and active digital transformation in the global world, the Ukrainian economy has limited capacity to fully realize the opportunities of these markets. This requires the development and implementation of effective management and regulatory solutions to support and stimulate high-tech production in Ukraine, which include: creating conditions for the development of innovation infrastructure (research centers, incubators, accelerators, scientific, industrial and innovation parks); effective management of public institutions and implementation of international corporate governance principles in their management system; institutional support for the implementation of innovative projects and development of critical technologies, in particular, through public-private partnership mechanisms; support for small and medium-sized enterprises by promoting their development in terms of development and creation of innovative technologies; expansion of soft loans through the government programs “Affordable Loans 5-7-9” and “Affordable Finance”. Implementation of these measures will contribute to the development of high-tech production, creation of new jobs, increase in exports, and ensure the country's defense capability.

Information and analytical database for the market support is required to prevent communications of contradictory information to higher levels of management, with adverse effects for the process of taking rational management decisions. The article’s objective is to substantiate the information and analytical support for studies of the logistics services market, with constructing a system of statistical indicators for this market assessment, to be laid as the solid basis for elaborating medium-term and long-term strategies and policies of the logistics services market in Ukraine. 
 A definition of information and analytical support for studies of the logistics services market is given; a review of secondary sources of data for this market studies is made. A conceptual model for information and analytical studies of the logistics services market is proposed. The key statistical indicators for studies of this market are identified, with substantiating the feasibility of their use in computing multivariate indicators for the assessment of performance and capacities of the logistics services market in Ukraine. The core criteria to be met by the abovementioned system of statistical indicators are highlighted. A system of statistical indicators for the assessment of the logistics services market is proposed, containing four modules. It allows for diagnosis of this market performance and tendencies, with accounting for the impact of other related markets and activities, and for forecasting. This system, constructed with consideration to the global practice, is designed for comprehensive studies of the logistics services market.

The use of modern information technologies in transport logistics makes it possible to reduce the cost of cargo delivery and optimize the time of their transportation. Reducing inventory to the most optimal level and delivering goods exactly at a certain time is very much in demand for a modern dynamic economy. One of the most important tasks of the logistics chain is to coordinate the actions of all its participants. This is facilitated by the standardization of documents necessary for the transportation of goods, the establishment of direct contractual relations between all participants in the logistics chain, as well as the possibility of a single order for all services provided by all participants in the logistics chain. Effective development of transport logistics requires a systematic approach to solving emerging practical problems. The formation of transport and logistics clusters and the creation of multimodal transport and logic centers contributes to the development of the transport and logic sector. The transport system shows its maximum efficiency not only in the presence of modern transport infrastructure, but it also requires the presence of free competition in the market of transport and logistics services. The state policy in the field of regulation of the market of transport and logistics services should be aimed at their rationalization and reduction of costs correlated with them.

Risk control is the focus of logistics company risk management. However, because the risk control is a very complex project, many logistics companies have not achieved the ideal effect of risk control. As a new type of logistics service, the third party logistice service plays an important role in China's logistics service market with the expansion of the demend for logistics service. On the basis of elaborating the current situation of Jingdong logistics company risk control, this paper focuses on identifying and analyzing the main risks faced by Jingdong logistics company, and then puts forward targeted measures to control the risks of Jingdong logistics company. It is hoped that this study can provide useful reference for the risk control of the third party logistics enterprises.

Rationale: The Russian transport system is losing its competitive advantage due to the slow response to digital calls. Thus, for subjects of the market of transport and logistics services, it is relevant to have recommendations for adapting a business model when moving from an analogue economy to a digital one.
 Purpose: To develop a conceptual diagram of the digital transformation of the business model of the operator company.
 Methods: 
 
 сomparison of the principles of the five business areas of the operator before and after the transition to the digital economy;
 analysis of the behavior of companies in the transport market;
 summarizing the results of the study and assessing the possibility of their application to other organizations in this market segment;
 case method Development of measures for the effective development of multimodal transportation of the Asia-Pacific Region (INTERTRAN));
 an integrated approach is the search for new points (channels) of interaction with a dynamic network of customers through the implementation of industrial logistics projects.
 
 Results: 
 
 the status of five areas of the business strategy of the operator company was determined before and after the transition from the analogue era to the digital one;
 the conditions are formulated under which the implementation of the business process "sale of transport and logistics services" will provide the sales department of the operator company to develop "proactive sales";
 recommendations are proposed for adapting a value proposition for the provision of transport and logistics services.
 
 Conclusions: The novelty of the proposed conceptual scheme for adapting the business model of the operator company during the transition from the analogue economy to the digital one lies in the initial definition of the stage of digital transformation of each of the five areas of the operators business strategy, and then in the selection of a specific digital technology for implementation in a specific business-process.

Under martial law on the territory of Ukraine, insurance of agricultural products becomes particular relevance, since the danger of losing future crops is scaled not only due to the traditional hazards (agronomic, natural and climatic, financial and economic, etc.), but also due to the presence of wartime risks. The scientific novelty of the presented article lies in the substantiation of the expediency of further development of agrarian insurance in Ukraine, taking into account the global experience and European experience in particular. The article identifies the key problems that impede the functioning of the agrarian insurance market in Ukraine. Based on the results of the study, a comparative analysis of the existing models of functioning of agrarian insurance markets in the countries of the European Union is carried out, their advantages and disadvantages are substantiated. The importance of insurance for a sustainable development of agribusiness and ensuring the country’s food security is emphasized. Summarizing the current trends in the pan-European agrarian insurance market, the authors of the article emphasize the expediency of diversification of insurance protection of agricultural producers by expanding the range of insurance services (microinsurance, index and classic insurance). On the basis of a generalization, an analysis of the key parameters of the development of the agrarian insurance market in Ukraine for 2019–2022 is carried out, the authors’ proposals aimed at forming a model of public-private partnership are formulated, the expediency of strengthening social responsibility and increasing the stability of communication links between stakeholders of the agrarian insurance market, as well as ensuring comprehensive digitalization of the insurance process, is substantiated. The implementation of these measures is considered in the context of adaptation of the national agrarian insurance market to the pan-European insurance space.

The article examines the relevance of consulting and its services in Ukraine, taking into account the crisis phenomena on a global scale and the complexity of doing business in Ukraine. The basic concepts and participants of consulting interaction in the process of rendering consulting services are determined. To identify the features of the current state and development opportunities of the consulting market in Ukraine, statistical and economic research methods used. The assessment of the degree of maturity of the consulting market in Ukraine, according to the results of which this market defined as immature. The activity of companies in this market as such, which accompanied by unstable processes of organization and functioning, has been determined. The uneven development of the structure of consulting services is largely due to the presence of institutional problems, the underdevelopment of the markets for certain types of consulting and the concentration of consulting companies in large cities of Ukraine. Market development can be associated with the requirements of digitalization: the development of new types of consulting services, new methods and techniques of market influence, the use of new information and communication technologies, internationalization and globalization of business. To implement these areas, it is advisable to form a professional consulting institute, which will provide the rules of the game for all participants in the consulting interaction. It recommended to position consulting at the legislative level as an important element of the innovation infrastructure of the National Innovation System of Ukraine. In these circumstances, the consulting activities will carried out within the framework of the presented types of consulting in accordance with the recommendations of the European Federation of Associations of Economic and Management Consultants. This will ensure the network interaction of all participants in innovative activities on the principles of public-private partnership, and will contribute to the development of enterprises in Ukraine.

The article examines the strategic prospects for the formation of a transport and logistics cluster for LLC "MAK HAUS" in the logistics services market. The importance of creating clusters as a tool for enhancing the efficiency of logistics processes, reducing costs, implementing innovations, and improving companies' competitiveness is emphasized. Special attention is paid to resource integration, participant coordination, and the development of shared infrastructure. The analysis of theoretical and practical aspects of forming transport and logistics clusters identified key areas for development, including process automation, integration of digital solutions, infrastructure modernization, and fostering partnerships among market participants. The article proposes potential partners for cluster formation, including leading companies such as NP "Global," FM Logistic, ZAMMLER, DHL International Ukraine, Kuehne+Nagel, and DB Schenker. Their roles in cluster formation are detailed, highlighting the benefits of cooperation for optimizing transportation, storage, and cargo management. The article also provides practical recommendations for implementing the strategic plan for cluster formation, particularly regarding budgeting. The development of the strategic plan's implementation budget includes a detailed allocation of expenses for each project phase, such as auditing current processes, integrating partner solutions, implementing new technologies, and developing warehouse infrastructure. The budget accounts for expenditures on organizing negotiations, automating logistics management, and funding public-private partnership projects. Optimal use of resources will contribute to the successful implementation of the plan and enhance the efficiency of all cluster participants. The feasibility of attracting public and private funding is justified, as it will create a stable platform for project implementation. Special attention is given to assessing the effectiveness of risk-sharing options in the strategic plan for forming the transport and logistics cluster of LLC "MAK HAUS." Cluster creation is considered a significant step toward strengthening LLC "MAK HAUS’s" competitive position in the logistics services market and ensuring long-term sustainable development.

An analysis and assessment of factors influencing the effectiveness of diversification of the geographical structure of foreign economic activity of "NOVA POSHTA" LLC was carried out. The essence of the concept of diversification is determined, its types and features of this strategy of de-veloping new markets are given. The prerequisites for the implementation of the strategy of geo-graphical diversification of foreign economic activity, the opportunities and threats that may arise during the expansion of activities in the EU markets are outlined. Diversification of foreign economic activity is caused by increasing the dynamism of enter-prise development, changes in demand and the emergence of new industries on the market. In such cases, the diversification makes it possible to compensate for the drop in sales in one market by in-creasing it in other markets. It also contributes to attracting foreign investments and increasing the competitiveness of the enterprise. All types of geographic diversification open up new business op-portunities for enterprises - business entities can make maximum use of resource potential and pro-duction capacity, distribute commercial risks of dependence on one market and minimize them. Nowadays, logistics as an industry has great potential and prospects. According to the fore-cast, until 2024, the world market of logistics services will grow annually by 7.5% in monetary terms. The main players on the market in Ukraine are "NOVA POSHTA" and "Ukrposhta". This is due to the fact that more and more people are switching to online shopping. As a result of the conducted research, it was determined that in modern business conditions, the strategy of diversifying the geographical structure of foreign economic activity is becoming more and more relevant, but it must be supported by empirical data coming from the marketing monitoring system. Assessing the necessity of diversifying the geographical structure of foreign economic activity in case of "NOVA POSHTA" LLC requires consideration of many factors, especially resources, fi-nancial capacity and taxation. Taking them into account the recommended directions for the imple-mentation of the GoToMarket-strategy for "NOVA POSHTA" LLC are given in the article. The stages of marketing strategy implementation considering national and international market fea-tures and service consumption models of "NOVA POSHTA" LLC in conditions of diversification of the geographical structure of foreign economic activity are outlined. Recommended business indica-tors for evaluating the effectiveness of diversifying the geographical structure of foreign economic activity of "NOVA POSHTA" LLC are identified.

Upgrading logistic services in the context of international supply chains is not a smooth process. Upgrading may require the development of co-operative relationships, or alliances, involving large logistic service firms and their customers: multinational enterprises. Both sides may be unwilling and/or unable to engage in upgrading strategies in an alliance context. Fourth-party logistics is an example of a logistic product innovation entailing research-based advice as well as the design and implementation of new supply-chain solutions. It has the potential of stimulating spatial shift in global production networks and regional distribution systems (Visser and Lambooy, Geographisches Zeitschrift 92(heft 1+2):5–20, 2005). Using dynamic transaction-cost theory (Nooteboom, Learning and innovation in organisations and economies, 2000), this paper theoretically specifies and empirically measures three risks associated with the development of fourth-party logistics: dependence, unwanted spillovers, and conservatism. Case-study evidence reveals that dynamic transaction-cost theory partially explains the slow development of new logistic services in an alliance setting. Some aspects of conservatism are found to be relevant, along with risks of dependence due to specific investments in human resources and information systems. Other, not predicted but important factors, however, are the lack of credibility of service innovation by asset-based logistic firms, and strategic considerations of customers regarding logistic organization and control. The first factor implies that firms specializing in fourth-party services are likely to remain (very) limited in number. The second factor implies that this type of service provision is more likely to develop in dynamic port clusters, as customers prefer to tap into a variety of ideas from many different suppliers. In local clusters, interactions between firms can be relatively frequent, casual, short-lived and open, so that the structure of local networks is relatively decentralized, dense and flexible. This stimulates (logistic) innovation (Nooteboom, in Hanusch and Pyka (eds.) Elgar companion to neo Schumpeterian economics, 2006). In global supply chains, interactions between logistic service firms and their customers tend to have the opposite characteristics, which do not stimulate innovation.

Despite the more than two-thousand-year history of logistics, its general problem still exists – the problem of an unsatisfactory level of logistics theory, misunderstanding of the true meaning of logistics. This is manifested in different understanding of logistics in different historical eras; even in one era, there are different understandings of logistics by different authors. And as a result, the low efficiency of logistics practice due to unnecessary actions not related to logistics itself. Therefore, the costs of such logistics, especially for small enterprises, may exceed the results of using the logistics itself. The problem of determining the true meaning of logistics is becoming urgent. The article examines the concept of logistics, characterizes its essence, analyses the levels of logistics systems, their use in the process of international cooperation. It is shown that the effective functioning of logistics systems and the improvement of the global logistics infrastructure significantly affect the development of international cooperation. The article highlights the economic essence and significance of logistics. It was determined that the correct functioning and correct interaction of structural elements of logistics processes at the enterprise will contribute to increasing the effectiveness of management decisions. Domestic and foreign definitions of the term «logistics» are analysed. General aspects of the modern understanding of logistics are highlighted. It was determined that logistics allows you to control all processes where savings can be made. The classification of logistics is presented. The integration of logistics with the main spheres of the enterprise is shown. The article presents a study of modern trends and prospects for the development of the logistics services market in Ukraine, factors that hold back the development of the logistics market in our country, and also analyses the position of Ukraine in the global ranking of logistics efficiency and draws conclusions about the priority directions for its improvement. To achieve the goal, the following general scientific and special research methods and techniques were used in the work: comparative analysis of scientific literature and information sources based on methods of comparison, systematization and generalization; generalization of analysis results and logical generation of conclusions.

The purpose of the presented research is to analyze the prospects of piggyback in improving the efficiency of or-ganization of agricultural supply chains to the world market. Ukraine is characterized by a high level of logistical com-ponent in transportation of agricultural products, which actualizes the issue of managed transformations in this field. The arguments and counterarguments on the viability of the strategy of using piggyback in the practice of build-ing a supply chain in the context of the agrarian market are analyzed. The basis of the formation of the author's vision is based on the criterion of economic feasibility. Attention was paid to the potential of piggyback in mitigating the situa-tion in the organization of agricultural supply chains by reducing: the need for storage capacities, expanding the range of exporting entities, smoothing the situation of shortages of hopper wagons. At the same time, the actual updating of the piggyback mechanism is connected with the change of the structure of Ukrainian agro-export, in the transition from the practice of raw material appendage to the strategy of creation of production chains with high added value. It is noted that the key feature of agro-logistics is the objective need to form highly specialized segments within it. Each group of a wide range of agricultural products requires an individual, non-uniform approach in the logistics of intermodal trans-portation. Piggyback is recognized as a promising direction for the development of the logistics services market in Ukraine. However, their implementation in the practice of organizing agricultural supply chains has objective limita-tions. The segment agricultural group where piggyback is economically viable includes high-value elite agricultural products with a small average export batch, as well as high value-added agro-industrial products. Key words: world market, piggyback, supply chains, international logistics, agricultural products, exports.

This article explores the implementation of public-private partnership (PPP) mechanisms within Ukraine’s cultural and creative industries (CCI) sector, especially in the context of European integration. It examines how European PPP models can be adapted to Ukrainian conditions, focusing on regulatory framework gaps and their impact on the effectiveness of PPPs in cultural projects. The study centers on applying the PPP model within Ukraine’s cultural sphere, aiming to propose methods for leveraging private investment and expertise in cultural preservation and development aligned with European Union standards. The research methodology includes comparative and system analyses of Ukraine’s PPP regulatory framework alongside successful European examples. It considers the unique aspects of PPPs in the cultural sector, where outcomes deliver economic but also social and cultural value. Findings indicate that European countries approach cultural PPPs through integrated, context-sensitive strategies, varying institutional support, and citizen involvement tailored to each nation’s social and economic landscape. Key insights highlight the importance of state policies supporting PPPs in Ukraine’s CCI sector, emphasizing frameworks involving civil society (such as the P4 model) and innovative financial tools like crowdfunding. The study suggests that adopting such mechanisms could help Ukraine attract private investment, foster sustainable community engagement, and strengthen cultural heritage preservation. The article’s recommendations for updating Ukraine’s PPP regulations offer practical implications for policymakers, cultural organizations, and private investors, establishing PPPs as essential for Ukraine’s post-war cultural and economic recovery. These findings contribute to cultural management by presenting a structured approach to PPPs in CCIs, integrating local and international experiences for sustainable, long-term cultural growth.

В статье рассматриваются вопросы изучения запросов потребителей рынка транспортно - логистических услуг в условиях цифровизации экономики. Особое внимание уделено сегментированию клиентов для предоставления им оптимального пакета транспортно - логистических услуг из числа альтернативных на основе экономико - математических методов моделирования, а также организации обратной связи, с целью определения степени удовлетворенности предоставленных им услуг. Авторами разработаны оптимизационные задачи повышения качества транспортного сервиса. The article deals with the issues of studying the needs of consumers in the market of transport and logistics services in the context of digitalization of the economy. Particular attention is paid to customer segmentation to provide them with an optimal package of transport and logistics services from among alternative ones based on economic and mathematical modeling methods, as well as organizing feedback in order to determine the degree of satisfaction with the services provided to them. The authors have developed optimization tasks for improving the quality of transport service.